• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.482-493
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• 2002

This study was conducted to explore depression, husband's support, the differences of these variables according to general characteristics, and the correlation of these variables in married women. The data was collected from May 2000 till July 2000 by using a questionnaire. The subjects were 419 married women in the area of Seoul and Kyunggi-Do. The data was analized using the SPSS program The results were as follows : 1. The mean score and standard deviation of depression was $13.97{\pm}8.49$ with the range scoring from 0 to 52. The mean score and standard deviation of the husband's support was $17.83{\pm}8.63$ with the range scoring the from 0 to 36. 2. The variables influencing depression were the woman's education level, the husband's education level, home income, marrital satisfaction, menstruation status, and sex related problems. The variables influencing husband's support were the woman's age, the husband's age, the women's education level, the husband's education level, the husband's religion, the husband's job, the home income, marrital period, marrital satisfaction, menstruation status, and sex related problems. 3. There was a moderative negative correlation between anxiety and the husband's support. In conclusion, community health nurses must plan and implement programs improving the husband's support in order to decrease depression in married women.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.437-453
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to identify how social relationships and family relationships were associated with the life satisfaction of married female baby boomers who live in Busan and Gyeongnam province. This study included community sample of 499 female baby boomers who were married and had at least one child. Participants reported lower levels of life satisfaction. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of the following variables on the female baby boomers' life satisfaction: subjective health, educational level, monthly household income, employment status, perceived size of social network, participation in leisure organizations, participation in voluntary associations, satisfaction with children, and marital satisfaction. Except employment status and participation in leisure organizations, other 7 variables were significantly and positively associated with the life satisfaction of married female baby boomers. In particular, marital satisfaction had the strongest effect on life satisfaction, followed by satisfaction with children. The results suggested family played a primary role in the life of married female baby boomers. Family life education program~ female baby boomers, their children and husbands need to be developed and offered in order to improve the life satisfaction of female baby boomers.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.226-234
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine health status, reproductive health problems and the degree of prenatal management in working women. Method: The subjects were 902 married working women among 2,000 women selected by cluster sampling. The work area was classified to product factory, school, office, etc. After an Informed consent was obtained, participants were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire. The instruments included a questionnaire, parity check list, menstrual problems and gynecologic problem check list. Result: Many women have experienced menstrual cycle change during the past year. There was a significant difference in general health, menstrual regularity, reproductive health and prenatal management by occupation type. 40.6 percent of the subjects have gynecological problems such as menstrual cycle change, perineal inflammation, irregular vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, ovarian/uterine disease, infertility, or abortion. Prenatal care was received in only 28.5% of the total subjects. In addition, 16.3% answered they had experienced low birth weight babies. Conclusion: We can conclude that working woman have changes in menstruation cycle and in reproductive health status. Therefore, we suggest that some occupational characteristics may affect subject's reproductive health, these should be clear and avoided as much as possible.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.15-31
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship to the life-style, perceived time pressure and time management strategies of married women. The research issues are as follow : 1. How are Life-styles influence to the perceived time pressure according to employment status of marraged women? 2. How are life-styles influence to the time manegement strategies according to employment status of marraged women? 3. How much are the effect of life-style, perceived time pressure and the rest of variable on the time management strategies of marraged women? For the purpose of this study, 585 questionnaire were distributed to marraged women living in pusan. The data were analyzed by statistical methods such as Pearson's correlation, percentage, factor analysis, and regression analysis. The significant results are as follow : 1. According to the employment status, there were several differences among those life-styles which are influencing to the perceived time pressure. 2. According to the employment status, there were differences among those life-styles which are influencing to the time management strategies. 3. Independent variables about the time management strategies of married women showed life-style(B=.46), age(B=-.18), income(B=.15), perceived time pressure(B=.12). education level(B=.07). The results of this study can be attributed to develop the efficient strategy of reducing perceived time pressure of marraged women.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-38
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• 2015

This paper focused to classify the consumption stress coping types among married women consumers and to investigate the differences of socio-economic variables, social class, perceived health status, and consumption stress among coping types. Data were collected from 500 married women through online surveys in South Korea. Two factors of consumption stress(consumption stress before purchase, consumption stress after purchase), and three factors of consumption stress coping(Social support coping, problem solving focused coping, Passive avoidance coping) were identified. K-mean cluster analysis classified into 4 coping types with consumption stress coping. 15% of the sample were included to the passive coping type, and 25% were classified into the ambivalent coping type. 26.8% of the sample were identified to the active coping type, and 35.2% were maladaptive coping type. There were significant differences among the consumption stress coping types on education, family income, social class, health status, consumption stress after purchase. Consumer education programs should develop and implement especially for passive coping type and maladaptive coping type to cope effectively with consumption stress.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.957-967
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• 2007

The purposes of this study were to find the sub-factors of consumer consciousness toward well-being and to identify the variables influencing their well-being oriented consumer behaviors in the area of dietary life of married women. 579 married women were surveyed by internet portal site azoomma.com. The collected data were treated with the SPSS Windows 12.0 program and analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, oneway ANOVA, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings were summarized as follow: 1. Consumer consciousness toward well-being has four sub-factors; pro-environmental attitude, personal and family health, means of business, and consciousness regarding others. 2. In the multiple regression analysis, concerns of information, price level, consciousness of personal and family health, health status, educational level explained the purchasing behavior about 25.7%. On the other hand, health status, pro-environmental attitude, consciousness of personal and family health, consciousness regarding others, and concerns of information explanined the using behaviors about 17.0%. Pro-environmental attitude, health status, consciousness of personal and family health, consciousness regarding others, and status of employment were effective variables, and explained the disposal behavior about 19.5%.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 2008

Purpose: To assess the health status and health behavior characteristics of immigrant women married to Koreans. Method: A descriptive research design was employed. Fifty female marriage immigrants who were clients of the visiting health program at W public health center were recruited. After full consent, direct interview with a structured questionnaire and physical measurements were conducted by visiting health nurses. Descriptive statistics were utilized. Results: All of the subjects showed normal blood sugar. 25.7% of them exhibited extreme body weight condition of either obesity or low body weight by BMI. 36.4% had pre-hypertension stage and 15.9% had first stage of hypertension. Only two of the women had been diagnosed with hypertension and treated by a doctor. Almost all (95%) of them perceived their general health status as good or moderate. Most of them did not exercise, smoke or drink. Regarding dental care, no subject brushed before lunch. and only one did between meals. About 30$\sim$60% of subjects had undergone health screening. Conclusion: Health education is needed for immigrant women married to Koreans to enhance their health behavior, prevent life style disease and improve their health.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.889-901
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• 2012

This study examined acculturation stress resulting from socio-demographic characteristics and psychological and social status of married immigrant women residing in the Jeonbuk region. Data were gathered from married immigrant women who were participating in non-profit agencies offering multi-cultural services and those who worked for business offices and stores in the Jeonbuk area. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used. A total of 280 questionnaires were distributed, and 210 were returned. Twenty three questionnaires were excluded from the study because of invalid responses, providing a final data pool of 187 responses. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that Korean language ability and levels of depression were significantly associated with acculturation stress among married immigrant women. Based on the findings of this study, interventions for reducing acculturation stress among married immigrant women and implications for future studies are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.171-186
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• 1990

The purpose of this study is to analyze the desirable life emotion and life interchange between lod parents and married children. The focus was particulary laid on the investigation of the life emotion and life interchange between the aged living with their married sons and those living with their married daughters. The major findings of this study can be summarized as follows: 1. More old parents live with their married sons than with their married daughters. Also was found that they live with their eldest married sons or daughters and that they keep a normal relation with their married sons, and an emotional relation with their married daughters. This shows that more old people will live with their married daughters than with their married sons in the future. 2. The facts which affect the realtion between old parents2 2and their marreid children are age, sex, religion, marital status, educational background, health condition. These facts prove that they may improve the life interchange with their married children through such deliberate effects as the life-long marriage life with their spouse, the maintenance of health, and the religious life. 3. The affection relation between old parents and the married children was found to be high and the conflict between them was found to be low. Those who live with their married daughters especially showed a higher rate of love relation, and a lower rate of conflict than those who live with their married sons. The former were of more service interchange to their married children than the latter. Furthermore, the aged people were more satisfied with emotional and kindly daughters than with normal sons. 4. Affection was found to be the most importnat variable in promoting the emotional life interchange, and dependency was found to be a negative variable. Therefore, both the aged and the marreid children should try to show high affection to each other and try not to impose and dependency on the other.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.323-330
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate whether working married women in different occupational classes affected diverse health outcomes. Methods : We used data for married women aged 25-59 (N=2,273) from the 2005 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Outcome measures included physical/mental and subjective/objective indicators (selfrated poor health, chronic diseases, depression, and suicidal ideation from reported results; metabolic syndrome dyslipidemia from health examination results). Agestandardized prevalence and logistic regression were employed to assess health status according to three types working groups (housewives, married women in manual jobs, married women in non-manual jobs). Sociodemographic factors (age, numbers of children under 7, education, household income) and health behaviors (health examination, sleep, rest, exercise, smoking, drinking) and a psychological factor (stress) were considered as covariates. Results : Non-manual married female workers in Korea showed better health status in all five health outcomes than housewives. The positive health effect for the non-manual group persisted in absolute (age-adjusted prevalence) and relative (odds ratio) measures, but multivariate analyses showed an insignificant association of the non-manual group with dyslipidemia. Manual female workers showed significantly higher age-adjusted prevalence of almost all health outcomes than housewives except chronic disease, but the associations disappeared after further adjustment for covariates regarding sleep, rest, and stress. Conclusions : Our results suggest that examining the health impact of work on married women requires the consideration of occupational class.