• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.591-593
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of training time on the growth and yield of 'Sinsakigake-2' pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Plants were either left untrained as control or trained at the third node leaving four shoots per plant. Plants were traind at 20, 45, 70, or 95 days after transplanting (DAT). The earlier the training time, the more the branch number of the plant. Fruit weight was not affected by training time. However, the percentage of marketable fruits and the number of marketable fruits per plant were the highest in plants trained at 70 DAT, and the lowest in the control. Early marketable yield was the highest in the control, and the lowest in plants trained at 45 DAT.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.135-139
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• 2010

This experiment was conducted to investigate the difference among 3-years-used polyolefin films which were J-l, J-2 and J-2 having differences in film thickness, infrared absorption and ultraviolet penetration from Jan. 16, 2006. And 1-year-used polyethylene film K-1 used from Jan. 16, 2009, for covering film of greenhouse for oriental melon cultivation. J-2, J-3 and J-1 films were better for keeping heat in order, and J-2 film was the best in plant growth at early stage. The first blooming and harvesting days in J-2 film were earlier 15 days than those in K-1 film. Chromaticity and soluble solid of harvested fruit in J-2, J-3 and J-1 films were higher than whose in K-1 film. Marketable yields in J-2, J-3 and J-1 films were higher in order.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.687-699
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• 2013

This study was conducted to examine the effect of grafted peppers (Capsicum annuum) on different rootstocks on fruit quality. Three pepper cultivars, 'Nokkwang', 'Saengsaeng Matkkwari', and 'Shinhong' were grafted onto five commercial rootstocks that are known to be resistant to Phytophtora blight. Non-grafted or auto-grafted peppers were used as controls. Grafted plants were grown during two consecutive harvest periods by semi-forcing culture (April to August) and retarding culture (September to March the subsequent year). Full size green fruits were harvested and weighed weekly from June to August (Semi-forcing culture) and from December to March of the subsequent year (Retarding culture). The fruit size, weight, flesh thickness, and firmness were measured every month. Total marketable yield was not significantly influenced by either auto-graft of 'Nokkwang', 'Saengsaeng Matkkwari', and 'Shinhong' of pepper or grafted with the five commercial rootsctocks. By contrast, grafting influenced the apparent fruit quality of peppers. Fruit characteristics differed depending on the rootstock cultivars. However, the fruit characteristics of rootstock did not affect the fruit characteristics of scion grafted onto that rootstock. Fruit characteristics in each treatment differed among harvest time (first, second, and third harvest). Fruit quality parameters were also different as affected by the harvest period. In conclusion, apparent quality and textural property of pepper fruits were influenced by not only grafting with different rootstocks but also by the harvest period and harvest time. Accordingly, rootstock/scion combination, the scion variety and the harvest period must be carefully chosen to get the desired optimal fruit quality.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.71-75
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• 2016

The experiment was carried out to examine the effects of planting date on the growth and marketable yield of bitter gourd grown in rain-shield plastic houses. Bitter gourd cv 'Dragon' seedlings were separately transplanted during the months of June, July and August, 2015. The training method of all plants was made with four lateral vines and pinching the main vine. Lateral length of plants exhibited no significant difference between each planting date. However, bitter gourd planted in June had significantly higher main stem diameter than those treatments planted on August. The application of planting date was found effective in increasing marketable yield and number of fruits. June, as a planting date, had the highest marketable yield (6,439kg/10a), whereas bitter gourd planted in August had the lowest yield (870kg/10a) which were also consistent in terms of the number of fruits. Fruit length and diameter had no significant differences as affected by treatments. Therefore, planting date of bitter gourd in June was effective in increasing yield of fruit in rain-shield plastic house conditions.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.41-45
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of crown numbers on growth and yield of ever-bearing strawberry (Fragaria ${\times}$ ananassa Duch.) 'Goha' cultivar. Strawberry seedlings were planted with $55{\times}30cm$ distance on April 29, and the randomized block experimental was designed by putting the crown numbers by 1, 3, 5 and crown-unremoved as the control. At the early growth stage, as the numbers of crown decreased, the size of leaf became larger and inflorescence diameter became thicker. Plant height became higher as the number of crown increased at the final harvesting time. Fresh weight of crown-unremoved plants was 118 g, showing 77.2 g higher than that of plants with one crown. Numbers of the developed inflorescence of plants with five crowns and crown-unremoved was 20.1, whereas 6.8 of plants with one crown, resulted in 13.3 more crowns. However, crown number did not significantly affect the fruit quality. As the crown number increased, the average fruit weight was lighter and the marketable fruit rate was shown to decrease significantly. The marketable yield of crown-unremoved plants was $17,372kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$, showing 68% higher than plants with one crown. Therefore, crown management without thinning crowns was recommended and inflorescence thickness less than 3 mm should be removed for successful production of ever-bearing strawberry 'Goha' cultivar during summer season.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of shoot training method on the plant growth and fruit quality and yield of 'Sinsakigake-2' and 'Shishito' peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in the glasshouse. Plants were either left untrained as control or trained at the third node leaving two or four shoots per plant. The untrained control plants had no pruning and therefore had all the lateral branches. The growth was enhanced in plants with two trained shoots in both cultivars. Fruit length and width, fruit weight, and pericarp thickness were not affected by the number of shoots trained. However, the percent marketable fruits was the highest in plants with two trained shoots, and the number of marketable fruits per plant was the highest in plants with four trained shoots. Marketable yield in plants with four trained shoots increased 15% in 'Sinsakigake-2' and 5% in 'Shishito' as compared to that of the control. Results of this study showed that yield and quality of pepper fruits were promoted by training with four shoots and the effect was more pronounced in 'Sinsakigake-2' than 'Shishito' pepper.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-43
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• 2004

This study was conducted to determine the optimum planting distance under rain-shielding condition for improving quality and productivity of squash by staking cultivation. The squashes were grown by 3 planting distances, such as 120${\times}$30, 120${\times}$40 and 120${\times}$50 cm during 3 months under non heat condition. The vine length, fresh weight and leaf area were reduced as planting distance was decreased until main branch was pinching. The first female flowering day and first fruit setting nodes were not different among treatments. The first fruit length and second fruit weight were increased in 120${\times}$50 cm planting distance, but the soluble solid contents were not different among treatments. In 120${\times}$30 cm plant distance, total yield was highest (6,510 kg/10a), but marketable yie이 was lowest. When the planting distance was between 120${\times}$40 cm and 120${\times}$50 cm, the marketable rate was similar (over 98%), but marketable yield was highest in 120${\times}$40 cm planting distance (5,012 kg/10a). The results of this study indicated that the optimum planting distance of staking cultivation in squash seemed to be 120${\times}$40cm.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.84-88
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• 2019

A variety of microorganisms in rhizosphere affect plant health by plant growth promotion, mitigation of abiotic stresses as well as protection from pathogen attacks. In our previous study, we selected a bacterium, Bacillus mesonae H20-5, for alleviation of salinity stress in tomato plants. In this study, we verified the effect of a liquid formulation of B. mesonae H20-5 (TP-H20-5) on fruit production and phytochemical accumulation including lycopene and polyphenol in cherry tomato and strawberry fruits in on-farm tests of protected cultivation under salinity stress. When vegetables including tomato, cherry tomato, strawberry, and cucumber were treated with TP-H20-5 by irrigated systems, final marketable yields were increased by 21.4% (cherry tomato), 9.3% (ripen tomato), 120.6% (strawberry), and 14.5% (cucumber) compared to untreated control. Moreover, treatment of TP-H20-5 was showed increase of phytochemicals such as lycopene and total polyphenol compared to untreated control in cherry tomato and strawberry. Therefore, these results indicated that a formulant of B. mesonae H20-5 can be used as a potential biofertilizer for increasing fruit production and quality.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2016

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of irrigation (amount, interval) on tree growth, fruit quality, and cracking of organic 'Campbell Early' grapevine in 2012 and 2013. Three irrigation treatments were applied using a sprinkler system from mid-June to mid-August in 2012 and 2013, as follows: 10 mm was applied daily (10 mm-IR), 20 mm was applied every two days (20 mm-IR), and 30 mm was applied every five days (30 mm-IR). Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and temperature were found to be greatest in the 10 mm-IR treatment in both years. Soil moisture content ranged between 20-40% in the 10 mm-IR, between 20-60% in the 20 mm-IR, and between 20-70% in the 30 mm-IR treatment plots. The total number of leaves per shoot and shoot growth were found to be greatest in the 20 mm-IR and 30 mm-IR treatments, respectively. Cluster and berry weights, and cluster and berry sizes were not consistently affected by the treatments. The 10 mm-IR treatment resulted in an increase in fruit SSC, SSC/acidity ratio, and berry skin pigmentation ($b^*$; blue). Approximately 5% of fruit cracking was observed on average over both years in the 10 mm-IR-treated fruit, while the 30 mm-IR treatment resulted in nearly 18% of cracking in 2012. Average marketable fruit yield per year over two years was greatest for the 10 mm-IR treatment ($24.4t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) followed by the 30 mm-IR treatment ($22.7t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$) and lastly the 20 mm-IR treatment ($22.2t{\cdot}ha^{-1}$). Thus, the 10 mm-IR treatment represents a suitable irrigation regimen for controlling leaf and shoot growth of vines grown under a rain-shelter system in sandy loam soils, while improving fruit sugar contents and skin color and limiting fruit cracking.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2005

This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of ridge direction (south-north) on temperature and light intensity on early growth of oriental melon under east-west oriented vinyl house cultivation. The air-temperature of minimum between north and south-ridge in the tunnel of vinyl house was $12.5^[\circ}C\;and\;11.3^{\circ}C$ and that of maximum between north and south-ridge was $36.7^{\circ}C\;and\;34.7^{\circ}C$, respectively. The minimum and maximum air-temperature of north-ridge in the tunnel of vinyl house on Feb. 15 were $12^{\circ}C\;and\;2.0^{\circ}C$ higher than those of south-ridge, respectively. The intensity of daylight between south and north-ridge was similar during 9:00-10:30 a.m., that of south-ridge was higher than north-ridge during 10:30-11:30 a.m. and that of north-ridge was higher than south-ridge during 11:30-17:30. The plant growth after 55 days of planting on the north-ridge was prominent cultivation compared to south-ridge. The female flowering and first harvesting day were earlier in north-ridge than in south ridge. The marketable fruits rate and yields (kg/10a) were $6.7\%$ and 218kg higher in north-ridge cultivation than south-ridge, respectively. Differences of marketable fruit rate and yield (kg/10a) in each ridge were significant.