• 무역학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.1-27
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 국내 제조 산업의 R&D 투자가 산업의 제품경쟁력과 원가경쟁력의 증대를 통해 높여 수출에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는데 있다. 이를 위해 한국 제조업을 대상으로 20개 업종별로 2004년-2014년도의 자료를 이용해 실증분석 하였으며, 산업의 제품 경쟁력을 신제품 혁신역량과 품질경쟁력으로, 산업의 원가경쟁력을 노동생산성과 자본생산성으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 경로분석을 통해 검증한 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제조 산업의 R&D 투자가 증가 할수록 산업의 신제품 혁신역량, 품질경쟁력, 노동생산성, 자본생산성이 증가하였다. 둘째, R&D투자로 증대된 제조업의 품질경쟁력, 노동생산성, 자본생산성의 향상은 수출 증가에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 따라서 한국 제조 산업의 R&D 투자는 품질경쟁력과 원가경쟁력의 강화를 통해 산업의 수출 증대에 긍정적 효과를 미친다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.101-118
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• 2020

This study aims to quantify the effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on exports in the Korean manufacturing industry. To do this, we employ product-level export data that includes information about whether or not a product is affected by NTMs. One of the main results is that NTMs (SPS/TBT) on average led to reduction in Korean exports. However, the effects of NTMs differed depending on the income level of the NTM-imposing country. The NTMs imposed by high-income countries, such as U.S.A. and Japan, were found to impede Korean exports, whereas the export effect of NTMs imposed by low-income countries such as China was found to not be statistically significant. In addition, the results analyzed based across industries, income level, and types of NTMs are as follows. First, NTMs imposed on textile-related products generally hindered exports regardless of the type of NTMs, but its negative impact on exports was noticeable in the case of NTMs originating from high-income countries. On the other hand, chemical product-related NTMs were found to lead to an increase in Korean exports, and it had a positive effect in the case of SPS imposed by low-income countries. In other industries except for textile- and chemical-related products, the effects of NTMs on exports were either statistically insignificant or showed inconsistent patterns.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2019

This paper studies whether export diversification mitigated the negative effect of the global financial crisis on exports using the Korean case. Specifically, we use annual data on the exports of 24 Korean manufacturing industries from 2000 to 2016 and examine whether the negative effect of the crisis on exports was less prevalent in industries that were more diversified in terms of country and product. We also examine whether export competitiveness, as measured by the revealed comparative advantage index by industry, had a mitigating effect on trade during the crisis. In order to study these issues, we use panel regression with a fixed-effect model for 24 Korean manufacturing industries. From our empirical analysis, we find that country diversification weakened the negative impact of the global financial crisis on Korea's exports, whereas neither product diversification nor export competitiveness did so.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.99-121
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• 2021

This paper investigates the relationship between the minimum wage and firm's export behavior by using firm-level data of Vietnamese manufacturing enterprises over the period 2010 through 2015. In this regard, I apply the logistic regression model for the probability of exporting and the differences-in-differences analysis to the data, and find that raising minimum wage standards drive no new exporters but a rise in a firm's export sales. Less productive and more labor-intensive firms raise their amount of exports in response to increasing minimum wage levels. Being exposed to increasing minimum wage levels makes a firm under-perform in terms of export sales compared to non-exposed firms.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.211-228
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• 2022

With the advent of a recent knowledge-based society, interest in patents is steadily increasing. The patent is an important indicator that can capture the level of R&D investment and technology development. In an era of deepening new protectionism and the pandemic of COVID-19, patents play an important role in sustainable economic development and establishing a strong domestic industrial ecosystem. In this paper, we analyze the impact of patent applications on the corporate performance of the Korean manufacturing industry over the past 21 years from 1999 to 2019. We divide patents into overseas patents and domestic patents and analyze the respective effects on the entire manufacturing industry, ICT industries, and non-ICT industries. Major findings are summarized as follows. First, patents have a positive effect on both exports and sales of Korean manufacturing companies. Second, overseas patents have a greater impact on corporate performance than domestic patents. Third, Patents have a more positive effect on ICT industries than on non-ICT industries.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.462-473
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• 2008

In recent years, Korea's apparel exports to the USA have faced a great threat, as the trade environment around the world has changed continually. The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitive position of Korean apparel exports to the USA, and to enhance export competitiveness by applying to offshore sourcing. The trade data of the Office of Textiles and Apparel(OTEXA) in the U.S. Department of Commerce were selected for inquiry about export competitiveness of apparel products made in Korea. In addition, we targeted members of the Korea Apparel Industry Association among the 500 exporters of clothing items in "The Import and Export Textile Product 2003." A total 70 sheets were analyzed. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Korean apparel exports to USA have decreased by 20-35 percent per year since 2005 under the Free Trade Area, showing that Korean apparel industries have not adapted to the new trade environment. Although Korean apparel exports to USA have indicated a trade surplus from now on, Korean apparel industries should find new ways to overcome this situation, diminishing exports and increasing imports. 2) Korean apparel companies selected more offshore sourcing than domestic sourcing. Also, as Korean apparel companies manufactured apparel products offshore, foreign subcontracting outranked manufacturing in their own foreign plants. When they chose foreign countries to source, they turned mainly to China and Vietnam. Also, they considered the target country's manufacturing price, labor stability, apparel products, quality, lead time, and so on. In order to increase apparel exports, Korean apparel industries should focus more on developing competitively new apparel products, improving the ability of sourcing management, and establishing on-the-spot agencies.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2022

The main goal of this study is to look at how South Korea can catch up to the rest of the world through policy-driven structural change and manufacturing revolutions. To achieve the objective, this study used annual data on real exports and real GDP from the World Development Indicator WDI of South Korea for the period 1960 to 2019. The study's goal is to use econometrics to detect this policy-driven structural change trend. Multiple nonlinear Granger causality test was used to accomplish this. The findings revealed structural breaks and nonlinearities in the dynamic link between South Korea's real GDP and real exports. Furthermore, results also show evidence of multiple structural breaks in South Korean data. South Korea's economic catch-up was the result of a constant reevaluation of industrial policies, readjustment, and structural change to constantly explore and utilize comparative advantage, realizing economies of scale at the global level, and reallocating and redistribution of resources towards productive sectors with high value-added output, according to econometric analysis. If South Korea would have not done this structural change this miracle to escape the middle-income trap would not have been possible. These findings support the descriptive evidence of structural change in favor of manufacturing revolutions and value addition industry development in South Korea.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.1-23
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• 2007

This paper investigates the relationships between exports, firm size, and firm dynamics. It is based on a longitudinal data covering listed firms in the Korean manufacturing industry. We found the stylized fact that the probability that a firm is exporter increases with firm size. A regression model for the determinant of export/sales ratio including dynamic adjustment process is tested on a cross-section sample for the year 2001. Empirical findings suggest that there is a positive and inversely U-shaped relationship between firm size and export/sales ratio, just for basic material and capital good industry. Except for firm size, the hypotheses concerning human capital intensity, physical capital intensity, R&D intensity, and patent are rejected. Using Granger causality test, we found that the rate of growth of total sales influences the change of the export/sales ratio with time lag for medium-sized firms. Finally, some policy implications are presented.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2022

The paper aims to examine the impact of exports on the growth of Vietnamese manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by exploring the information of 36,053 enterprises across 24 manufacturing sectors from the Vietnam Annual Enterprise Survey (VAES) in the period 2014-2019. To deal with the problem of variable variance, autocorrelation, and endogeneity of the model, the paper uses the OLS regression method with a strong standard error method and system GMM. Export participation by SMEs is positively associated with business growth in terms of sales and total assets, according to the findings. The GMM estimate shows that the rate of sales growth among exporters is 36.5 percent greater than that of non-exporting enterprises in the case of the sales growth measure. Exporters' average total asset growth rate is 19% greater than the rate estimated for non-exporting businesses. The study's findings indicate the need of adopting policies that promote SMEs in transition economies like Vietnam to engage in exporting activities. Furthermore, the findings show that financial assistance and suitable ownership would enable SMEs to take advantage of export opportunities to increase sales and total assets.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.37-56
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 제조업을 대상으로 에너지소비, 생산, 수출의 상호 인과관계를 분석하였다. 우리나라 제조업을 9개 산업으로 나누어 1991년부터 2013년까지 패널 데이터를 구축하여 VECM 방법론과 더불어 Demitrescu and Hurlin (2012)에 의해서 개발된 패널 Granger causality test 방법을 사용하였다. 분석결과에 의하면, 생산에서 에너지소비로, 수출에서 에너지소비로의 Granger Causality가 존재하였다. 하지만 그 역으로는 Granger Causality가 성립하지 않았다. 따라서 제조업부문의 에너지절약정책은 생산이나 수출에 역효과를 발생하지 않으면서 추진될 수 있다는 Qzturk (2010)의 보존가설을 지지하고 있다. 장기적으로는 생산, 에너지소비, 수출, 노동, 자본 간에 장기 공적분관계가 존재하며, 장기균형관계에서 에너지소비가 생산의 증가에 기여하는 것으로 나타났다.