• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.261-269
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to exam me the correlations among management of menopause, marital satisfaction, and quality of life in middle-aged women. Method: The sample was 158 middle-aged women who were 40-64 years. Data were collected from June 14 to July 10, 2003 using questionnaires and were analyzed by using the SPSS 10.0 PC+ program. Result: The level of marital satisfaction was related positively to the level of quality of life(r=.504, p<.01) and management of menopause(r=.3l5, p<.0l). In addition, there were significant correlations between the level of quality of life and management of menopause(r=.251, p<.01). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 25.9% of the variance in quality of life was explained by marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Marital satisfaction and management of menopause serve to improve the quality of life of middle-aged women. It is necessary to develop an effective intervention program to improve marital satisfaction and management of menopause.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.161-167
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• 2004

IEC 60300 series, the international standards on reliability management system are newly developed and introduced rapidly worldwide. In order to meet this fast-changing situation, it is necessary to apply them to the Korean industries effectively. It includes the establishment of the infrastructure such as documentation of Korean Standards, introduction of test equipments and test manuals, accreditation of the certification body and training of the specialists etc. IEC 60300 is upgraded management system of the ISO 9000 and ISO 14000. In this regard, the Korean companies which was certified with the ISO 9000 or 14000 should endeavor to find new strategies and methods to be certified with ISO 60300. This paper introduces a quantitative method of estimating the level of the reliability management system by applying the MIR(Maturity Index on Reliability) technique. This enables the estimation of the operation level of the system and can upgrade the maturity level of it.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.66-73
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• 2014

The Korean construction industry has been severely impacted by the 2008 global financial crisis, which resulted in a significant reduction in the overall contract amount. For survival, many construction management (CM) companies had to adapt a strategy of lowering bid prices to maintain their competitiveness. As a result of the strategy, companies faced a number of issues including their decreased capability in risk management. However, most risk management-related studies focused on construction risk management, yet these studies lacked consideration of enterprise-level risk management practices. To fill the gap, the objectives of the present study are (1) to investigate, the risk management practices of Korean CM companies, (2) to identify factors that determine efficient enterprise-level risk management practices, and (3) to propose a module for the development of enterprise-level risk management. Lastly, the efficiency of the proposed development module was validated by using a survey.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.1009-1019
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• 2020

This study presents an exploratory investigation of SMEs in Vietnam to understand the impact of personal-level factors on middle managers' work motivation and the moderating role of work environment. A survey of 450 middle managers (MMs) in 150 Hanoi's SMEs was conducted. The findings of this research showed a significant positive impact of Achievement (ACHV), Recognition (RECOG), and Responsibility (RESP) on work motivation of MMs under the investigation. Furthermore, the result indicated that the work environment affects the relationship between personal-level factors and work motivation of participants. Consequently, both work environment improvement and strategies related to personal-level factors need to be taken into consideration. Especially, Recognition and transparency in Responsibility are appreciated in organizations with a low level of work environment satisfaction. However, there were no indications that Participation (PAR) and Communication (CMM) have a considerable impact on work motivation of respondents, being neither low level nor high level of work environment satisfaction. Based on the findings, recommendations are suggested for Vietnam's SMEs to improve work motivation of MMs, by (i) developing standards with emphasis on their achievement, (ii) paying attention to organizational culture focusing on the responsibility of this managerial level, and (iii) building an adequate incentive system, especially non-financial incentives.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2005

This paper introduces an approach to an ontology-based multi-level knowledge framework for a knowledge management system for discrete-product development. Participants in a product life cycle want to share comprehensive product knowledge without any ambiguity and heterogeneity. However, previous knowledge management approaches are limited in providing those aspects: therefore, we suggest an ontology-based multi-level knowledge framework (OBMKF). The bottom level, the axiom, specifies the semantics of concepts and relations of knowledge so ambiguity can be alleviated. The middle level is a product development knowledge map; it defines the concepts and the relations of the product domain knowledge and guides the engineer to process their engineering decisions. The middle level is then classified further into more detailed levels, such as generic product level, specific product level, product version level, and manufactured item level, according to the various viewpoints. The top level is specialized knowledge for a specific domain that gives the solution of a specific task or problem. It is classified into three knowledge types: expert knowledge, engineering function knowledge, and data-analysis-based knowledge. This proposed framework is based on ontology to accommodate a comprehensive range of knowledge and is represented with first-order logic to maintain a uniform representation.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.59-78
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• 2010

In this paper, we arrange the concept of 'Green' in SCM after literature study of Green SCM and investigate causal relationships between influencing factors, practice level and environmental performance focused on Korean firms empirically and conduct path analysis for hypothesis test using partial least squares regression with bootstrap. Firstly, we divide influencing factors of Green SCM into environmental and organizational factors through the previous studies of innovation diffusion theory and environmental management theory, and then we selected 'uncertainty', 'competitiveness' as the environmental factors and 'top management support', 'perceived benefit', 'training' as the organizational factors. Secondly, we classify practice level of Green SCM into 'internal environmental management', 'green purchasing', 'eco-design'. Finally, we selected 'financial performance', 'environmental performance' as the organizational performance. We conducted a survey on the middle manager of manufacturing companies implementing SCM and an empirical analysis. The results of analysis show that there exist causal relationships between influencing factors, practice level, and environmental performance of Green SCM. We expect that the result of this study will suggest useful information to managers who are responsible for SCM to design and execute Green SCM in strategic perspectives.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.97-110
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• 2001

This study was designed to examine the effect of joint participation in decision-making on the home management satisfaction of new-generation married women, which will issue basic data for improving the quality of new-generation home life. The sample was composed of 371 married women under 39years old, selected by age and the local distribution. Major findings are as follows. 1) New-generation married women’s joint participation in decision-making showed a significant difference by degree of communication, perception of the adequacy of resources, perception of the level of living. Home management satisfaction shoed a significant difference by state of employment, existence of children, sex role attitudes, degree of communication, perception of the adequacy of resources, perception of the level of living. 2) The more a couple participated in decision-making about eating and children, the higher level a new-generation married women showed in home management satisfaction. 3) The main variables predicating new-generation married women’s home management satisfaction was perception of the adequacy of resources, perception of the level of living, gender role attitudes, existence of children, joint participation in decision-making about eating and children. They accounted for 36% of the variance.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.349-360
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• 2013

Recently new town development projects are increasing including more than one local government such as provincial government new town and Wirye new town. Institution improvement for the development and management of complex boundary new town is necessary because present urban development institution is based on the new town of single local government. The concept of multi-level governance provide good conceptual frame in recognizing conflict issues and searching for a collaborative solution in Wirye new town. The purpose of this study is recognizing the conflict issues in the process of development and management and providing the collaborative management method using the conceptual frame of multi-level governance in Wirye new town. For this, we did interviews for the related persons and experts, reference research and professional forum. We drew some implications from the references about urban development and similar cases such as free economic zones. The main results of this study is as in the following. First, we categorised the main conflicts in the development and management in Wirye into 4 sectors, such school, administrative service, utility facilities and urban infrastructures. Then, we analysed the conflict issues of each categories and composed a conflict-structure of Wirye new town. Second, the structure of conflict in Wirye new town is composed of the confrontations between separated management and integrated management and between wide area management and local management. Third, for the cooperative management of Wiyre, we should construct multi-level governance in three dimensions of administrative council, local government association, and special management organization.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2002

The observer program is being utilized In various fishing areas and fisheries internationally and nationally due to the its expected effectiveness in fisheries management and the collection of bioeconomic data necessary in fisheries management policy. The timely gathered data by observers play substantially a major role in decision-making fisheries policy such as the change in management measures, the application of season closure and area closure and etc. The expected effectiveness of the observer program In fisheries management, generally mentioned, is that it would lead to the increase in stock size from which the level of harvest would consequently increases. This study is aimed to analyze this tentatively expected effectiveness of the observer program in fisheries management. The changes in stock size and the level of harvest over time are analyzed under the observer program assuming the fishermen bear the cost of the observer program by investigating the change in fisherman's fishing activity under the observer program and by combining this changed activity with the biological model. The level of fishing efforts of fishermen was decreased from the results of the increase in fishing cost caused by the observer cost and the decrease in catchable stock size restricted by observers. This reduced level of fishing efforts enables stock size to increase over time and therefore, the expected level of harvest increases as time goes on. Another benefit under the observer program is to reduce management costs from the fact that fishermen are responsible for the cost of the observer program and the avoidance cost of fisherman responding to the fisheries regulation could be eliminated from the surveillance of observer. Therefore, it may possible to accomplish the cost-efficient fisheries management policy.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.363-375
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of obesity management program in food attitude and food habit, body composition(body fat ratio, body fat weight, lean body mass, total body water), abdominal girth(waist, hip, thigh), and serum lipid level(cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, phospholipid, NE fatty acid, high density lipoprotein) of middle aged women. Data for the study were collected from July 4 to August 25, 2000. The study objects were 20 middle aged women(10 controls and 10 experimental objects) from 40 to 50 years old who had body fat ratio more than $30\%$ and waist girth more than 80cm. The results were as follows: 1. Similarity test between experimental group and control group processed by serum HDL level showed the significant difference(t=3.25, p=0.004), but that processed by age, body weight, body fat ratio, body fat weight, lean body mass, total body water, waist girth, hip girth, thigh girth, cholesterol level, LDL level, triglyceride level, NE fatty acid level, food attitude and food habit score showed no significant difference(p>0.05). These findings imply that the two groups are similar in the sample distribution. 2. The effects of the abdominal obesity management program The obtained results indicate that the abdominal obesity management program in middle aged women changes the food attitude & the food habit. decreases the body fat ratio & the body fat weight and increases the lean body mass, and decreases the girth of waist & hip and the serum level of cholesterol & LDL. Therefore, it is concluded that the abdominal obesity management program can be applied for nursing intervention to decrease the body fat weight and abdominal obesity.