• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.792-796
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• 2008

Bone pain in a child could be associated with cancer as an initial manifestation of the disease. The childhood malignancies that frequently present bone pain are leukemia, neuroblastoma, and primary bone tumors such as osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Persistent bone or joint pain associated with swelling, mass, or limitation of motion implies underlying serious causes. Systemic manifestations such as lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, fever, fatigue, night sweat, and laboratory abnormalities are also suggestive of malignancy. The index of suspicion tends to be low since less than 1% of children who complain of bone pain are diagnosed as cancer. Nonetheless, pediatricians should be alert to the possibilities of cancer since early detection and prompt treatment might reduce mortality.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.853-857
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• 2013

Objectives: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in women worldwide. Breast screening in normal and/or asymptomatic women is essential to reduce the burden of breast malignancies. Our study aimed to identify possible risk- and/or co-factors associated with breast screening in North Indian women. Methods: A public health research survey was conducted among 100 women of North Indian ethnicity during clinic visits in a 6-month timeline (April-October 2012). Demographic and clinical data, including mammography screening, were recorded in the questionnaire-based proforma after conducting a 10 minute interview. Written informed consent was taken from all the participants. Results: The mean age of the participants was $32.2{\pm}9.9$ years. Out of 100 women, 6% had family history of breast disease. Breast-related complaints/malignancy, including galactorrhoea, mastitis, axillary lump, fibrocystic disease, fibroadenosis and adenocarcinoma were observed in 41% participants; age stratification revealed that 82.9% of this group (n=41) were <30 years, while 9.7% and 7.3% were >30 years and 30 years of age, respectively. 32% participants underwent mammography screening and 8% had breast ultrasound imaging. Age stratification in the mammography screening group demonstrated that 24 women were <40 years, while 7 women were >40 years. Conclusions: Our pilot study identified possible co-factors affecting breast screening in North Indian women. These findings may be beneficial in early detection of breast abnormalities, including malignancies in women susceptible to breast cancer, and thus aid in future design of cost-effective screening strategies to reduce the increasing burden of breast carcinoma in women worldwide.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.17-24
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• 1986

Authors enumerate various malignant and benign cases which showed soft tissue uptake of $^{99m}Tc-MDP$. We hope it might be a help in understanding and interpreting bone scans. Among 10,361 $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ bone scans underwent from April, 1981 to March, 1986, 344 (3.3%) showed abnormal soft tissue uptake, which included 126 malignancies, 5 benign tumors, and 153 nontumorous diseases. Neuroblastoma(23.3%) and malignant fibrous histiocytoma(22.2%) showed highest positive uptake rate among various malignancies. We also illustrated typical cases according to possible mechanisms.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.51-60
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• 2004

In this paper, we optimized the PDT laser system to improve the therapy effects of malignancies. In order to optimize, the variation of laser output and specific wavelength shift have to reduced. To improve the PDT therapy clinician require the diverse radiation mode which irradiate the tumor surface. Continuous wave mode that general application may causes tissue thermal damage not only to tumor tissue, but also to normal tissue. In this paper, therefore, we suggested new technique for radiation method to improved PDT effects and prevented to the thermal effects for the tissue. In the experimental we verified the stability of wavelength, laser output stability and proved the reduced thermal effects to the tissue using the pulse & burst radiation modes in vitro.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.136-145
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• 2011

Oral cavity cancer accounts for approximately 3-4% of all malignancies and is a significant worldwide health problem. The Korea Central Cancer Registry estimates that there will be approximately 1500 new cases of oral cancer in Korea. Oral cancer occurs most commonly in middle-aged and elderly individuals. The majority of oral malignancies occur as squamous cell carcinomas and despite remarkable advances in treatment modalities, the 5-year survival rate has not significantly improved over the past several decades, hovering at about 50% to 60%. The unfavorable 5-year survival rate may be attributable to several factors. First, oral cancer is often diagnosed at a late stage, with late stage 5-year survival rates as low as 22%. Additionally, the development of secondary primary tumors in patients with early stage disease has a major impact on survival. The early detection of oral cancer and premalignant lesions offers the promise to cure chance of oral cancer. The major diagnostics moddalities for oral cancer include oral cavity examination, supravital staining, oral cytology, and optical detection systems. But the clinical finding of oral mucosa is the most important key to confirm the oral cancer until now. The traditional clinical examination of oral cavity can be performed quickly, is without additional diagnostic expense to patients, and may be performed by health care professionals. Therefore, clinicians must be well-acquainted with clinical characteristics of oral cancer and practice routine screening for oral cancer in dental clinic to decrease the morbidity and mortality of disease.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.175-182
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• 2021

Oral cancer is ranked second most diagnosed cancer among Indian population and ranked sixth all around the world. Oral cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with high mortality rate and very less 5-year survival rates even after treatment. It becomes necessary to detect oral malignancies as early as possible so that timely treatment may be given to patient and increase the survival chances. In recent years deep learning based frameworks have been proposed by many researchers that can detect malignancies from medical images. In this paper we have proposed a deep learning-based framework which detects oral cancer from histopathology images very efficiently. We have designed our model to split the color channels and extract deep features from these individual channels rather than single combined channel with the help of Efficient NET B3. These features from different channels are fused by using feature fusion module designed as a layer and placed before dense layers of Efficient NET. The experiments were performed on our own dataset collected from hospitals. We also performed experiments of BreakHis, and ICML datasets to evaluate our model. The results produced by our model are very good as compared to previously reported results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.996-1002
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• 2020

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory condition characterized by several pathological features that can theoretically involve all organs. Ovarian involvement in IgG4-RD has been reported by two studies only. Herein, we report a pathologically confirmed case of ovarian involvement of IgG4-RD, which mimicked bilateral ovarian malignancies on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.838-850
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• 2020

Computed tomography (CT) is an important imaging modality in evaluating thoracic malignancies. The clinical utility of dual-energy spectral computed tomography (DESCT) has recently been realized. DESCT allows for virtual monoenergetic or monochromatic imaging, virtual non-contrast or unenhanced imaging, iodine concentration measurement, and effective atomic number (Z_eff map). The application of information gained using this technique in the field of thoracic oncology is important, and therefore many studies have been conducted to explore the use of DESCT in the evaluation and management of thoracic malignancies. Here we summarize and review recent DESCT studies on clinical applications related to thoracic oncology.

• The Korean Journal of Medicine
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• v.99 no.1
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• pp.4-10
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• 2024

Malignant hilar biliary obstruction (MHO), an aggressive type of perihilar biliary obstruction caused by cholangiocarcinoma, gallbladder cancer, or other metastatic malignancies, has a poor prognosis. Surgical resection is the only curative treatment for biliary malignancies. However, most patients with MHO cannot undergo surgery upon presentation because of their advanced inoperable state or poor performance resulting from old age or comorbid diseases. Therefore, palliative biliary drainage is required to improve symptomatic jaundice and quality of life. Preoperative biliary drainage is controversial in resectable cases of MHO. Preoperative biliary drainage should be considered according to specific selection criteria. Palliative drainage is currently the mainstay of symptomatic treatment. Compared with percutaneous access, primary endoscopic palliation using plastic or metal stents has recently shown higher technical feasibility and clinical success without increasing the frequency of adverse events, even in high-degree MHO. However, the use of stents still has numerous limitations, including challenges in determining the optimal type of stent, number of stents, deployment method, and additional local therapies. Therefore, this report presents the current optimal endoscopic drainage status for MHO based on recent guidelines and published literature.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6599-6603
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• 2015

Background: For the determination of creatine kinase (CK)-MB, the immunoinhibition method is utilized most commonly. However, the estimated CK-MB activity may be influenced by the presence of CK isoenzymes in some conditions like cancer. Thus, a CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio more than 1.0 could be found in such a situation. The study aimed to explore the relationship of cancer to high CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio. Materials and Methods: From January 2011 to December 2014, laboratory data on all CK-MB and total CK test requests were extracted at Far Eastern Memorial Hospital (88,415 requests). Patients with a CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio more than 1.0 were registered in this study. Clinical data including tumor location, tumor TNM stage and metastatic status were also collected. Results: A total of 846 patients were identified with a CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio more than 1.0. Of these, 339 (40.1%) were diagnosed with malignancies. The mean CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio was significantly higher in malignancy than in non-malignancy ($1.35{\pm}0.28$ vs $1.25{\pm}0.23$, p<0.001) groups. The most frequent malignancy with a CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio more than 1.0 was colorectal cancer ($1.42{\pm}0.28$, 16.5%, n=56), followed by lung cancer ($1.38{\pm}0.24$, 15.9%, n=54) and hepatocellular carcinoma (14.5%, n=49). Higher CK-MB-to-total-CK ratios in hematological malignancies ($1.44{\pm}0.41$)were also noted. Additionally, the CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio was markedly higher in advanced stage malignancy than in early stage ($1.37{\pm}0.26$ vs. $1.29{\pm}0.31$, p=0.014) and significantly higher in liver metastasis than in non-liver metastasis ($1.48{\pm}0.30$ vs. $1.30{\pm}0.21$, p<0.001). Conclusions: The CK-MB-to-total-CK ratio is an easily available indicator and could be clinically utilized as a primary screening tool for cancer. Higher ratio of CK-MB-to-total-CK was specifically associated with certain malignancies, like colorectal cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as some cancer-associated status factors such as advanced stage and liver metastasis.