• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.1025-1038
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• 2018

This study identifies the socio-psychological factors on athleisure wear purchase behavior and focuses on the effects of participation motives in sports leisure activity. This research compares athleisure wear purchase behavior among the three groups segmented by participation motives for sports and leisure activity. An online survey on male and female consumers between the ages of 20 and 50 provided 319 responses that were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. The factor analysis and reliability analysis, cluster analysis, variance analysis, Duncan test, and Chi square test were conducted. The results were: 1) From a result of the factor analysis on consumers' sports leisure participation motives clearly showed factorial structures including social interaction, physical health, and pleasant feeling. 2) Cluster analysis indicated three groups of participation motives in sports and leisure activity such as passive motivating type, social interaction type, and wellness type. 3) Consumer groups showed significant differences in purchase reasons, preferred brands, product items, and pursued performance attributes for purchasing athleisure wear products.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.349-366
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to reveal the influence of consumers' Hanbok involvement and arousal seeking tendency on their Hanbok preference and purchasing behavior. The survey subjects were male and female consumers ranging in age from teens to those in their fifties. An online survey was conducted, and 627 people were analyzed. Version 26.0 of SPSS was used to perform a t-test as well as frequency, correlation, factor, reliability, and regression analyses. As a result, both Hanbok involvement and arousal seeking tendency derived four factors each. All four factors of Hanbok involvement had a significant effect on Hanbok preference. Two factors of arousal seeking tendency had a significant effect on Hanbok preference. Hanbok preference had a partially significant effect on Hanbok purchasing behavior. Hanbok involvement and arousal seeking tendency had a partially significant impact on Hanbok purchasing behavior. In conclusion, this study is meaningful in that it, for the first time, derived the factor of Hanbok involvement by considering the concept of involvement as it relates to Hanbok and identified that involvement and arousal seeking tendency are variables that affect Hanbok preference and purchasing behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.1555-1564
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• 2010

This study investigated consumer's recognition of food labeling in order to contribute to the development of food labels which are more informative to consumers. The questionnaires had been collected from 120 male and female customers living in Seoul with the age between 10's and 60's from November 2nd to November 7th 2009. For checking the food label at the time of purchase, 58.3% of the consumers checked the food label and the main reason for checking the food label was to confirm sell-by date (60.1%). Sixty percent of the consumers were satisfied with the current food labeling. Among those who are not satisfied, 30.6% complained about difficult terms to understand and 25.8% were dissatisfied with insufficient information. In every age group, most people were not satisfied with labeling on food ingredient and additives, followed by date of manufacture and sell-by date. 53.1% of consumers demanded to label date of manufacture and sell-by date together. For more clear information, consumers wanted use-by date (47.5%) rather than sell-by date (23.3%). 56.7% of consumers was dissatisfied with warning information such as allergic warning and the reasons for dissatisfaction were poor visibility (37.5%) and insufficient information (33.4%). Moreover most consumers (90.0%) showed little knowledge on irradiation. To improve of the food labeling standards into consumer-oriented standards, both amendment of the food labeling standards and consumer education will be necessary.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.75
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• pp.9-42
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• 2016

This study critically examines the social and personal meanings that luxury consumption have in contemporary Korean society through understanding the consumption experiences of men in their 30s. Interviews with nine male consumers who are committed to luxury brands, especially those that produce suits, watches, fountain pens, and shoes, were conducted to collect qualitative data. We found that participants are satisfied with the whole process of luxury brand consumption including buying, using, and managing and try to consume the products for self-expression, congruent with their lifestyle and identity. Individuals have learned how to consume the luxury brand from their role models. Their consumption follows hybrid and postmodern patterns and combines luxury brand products with non-luxury one. In contemporary Korean society, using the luxury products is considered necessary to achieve some advantages in social contexts and can be also functioned as a sort of social signifier and self-help, as well as, a tool for self satisfaction or well-being.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.60-72
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine differences in eating-out, dietary life styles, and healthy dietary competencies among middle-aged consumers according to obesity status and gender for implications of consumer education. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2016 Food Consumption Behavior Survey, and 3,022 subjects (mail 1,388; female 1,634) who were middle-aged adults were investigated. Analysis of variance with $Scheff\acute{e}$ test, t-test, $x^2$-test, and factor analysis were performed using SPSS v.24. Results: Males showed less interest in diet than females. For both males and females, higher BMI degrees were associated with higher levels of interest in diet. For frequency, monthly average consumption expenditure, one-time cost for eating out, and drinking frequency, males showed higher levels than females. Especially for the male group, higher obesity status was associated with higher levels of eating out and drinking. Dietary lifestyles of males and females turned out to be very similar. For the male group, normal weight group was more likely to show 'health and high quality pursuit dietary life-style' than the other groups. For females, the normal weight group were more likely to show 'health and high quality pursuit dietary life-style' and 'safety pursuit dietary life-style' than the other groups. The level of 'healthy dietary competence' for females was found to be higher than that for males. For the female group, there were significant differences according to obesity status, and practice was more important than knowledge in determining a healthy dietary life. Conclusion: For dietary life-related education for obese middle-aged consumers, it is important to emphasize less eating-out and drinking and less overeating while eating-out based on the results that eating-out, drinking, and overeating in the obesity group were significantly higher than in the normal group. It is important to focus on the value of dietary life and diverse foods, based on the results that the obesity group was less likely to be have healthy dietary lifestyles and consume less diverse foods than the normal group.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.167-195
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• 2012

This study focuses on the characteristic of socio-psychological gender of a consumer except a biological gender. Socio-psychological gender is the self-image of a consumer which is related to the gender role. The goal of this study is, first, to examine if socio-psychological gender has more effect on the purchase intention than biological gender. Second, by classifying a group with femininity among socio-psychological gender, it is to examine what kinds of shopping value it aims at. Finally, it is to examine the difference between men and women from the purchase intention according to the circumstances. The result of this study is summarized as follows. First, a consumer can have both characteristics of biological gender and socio-psychological gender. There are masculinity, femininity, bisexuality, and undifferentiated type for the classification of socio-psychological gender. This study shows that there is relatively much bisexuality which has masculinity and femininity at the same time. The outcome showed that the purchase intention was higher for the product which corresponds to socio-psychological gender of a consumer than biological gender. Second, it indicated that a group with femininity pursued pleasurable shopping as compared to a group with masculinity. By contrast, it showed that a group with masculinity aimed at practical shopping more greatly. Finally, it showed that while women are less sensitive to the purchase intention at the male-dominated circumstances, men's purchase intention get lower at the female-dominated circumstances.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.32 no.12
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• pp.1927-1938
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• 2008

Companies can build a close relationship by providing benefits that consumers want. As long relationships between consumer and company are stressed these days, it is very important for the growth and development of companies to assess what benefits consumers perceive and how they reflect them to their buying behaviors. Thus, this study aims to examine the relational benefits that consumers perceive in internet clothing purchase and how these perceived relational benefits affects relational commitment and customer loyalty. This study surveyed 343 male and female in their 20s and 30s for empirical analysis who have ever purchased clothing through internet shopping malls. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test, and ${\chi}^2$-test are carried out using SPSS for Windows 12.0 for statistical analysis. The results are as follows. First, the dimensions of relational benefits perceived by consumers in internet clothing purchase are found 6 including customization, economic, psychological, social, shopping convenience, and informational. Second, consumers' perception of relational benefits significantly affect on relational commitment and loyalty, thus consumers with greater recognition of relational benefits have higher relational commitment and loyalty. Third, based on the dimensions of consumer's perceived relational benefit, consumers are categorized into 6 types: group perceiving social benefit, group perceiving economic/shopping convenience benefit, group perceiving shopping convenience benefit, group perceiving customization benefit, group perceiving informational benefit, and group perceiving psychological benefit. The group perceiving customization benefits have higher relational commitment and loyalty than the others. It is expected that this study will help internet companies establish customer relationship management strategies, which are needed to promote relationships with customers and to enhance customers' loyalty to internet shopping malls.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.5-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to serve as a basis for providing quality medical service and mapping out consumer-centered marketing strategies to successfully cope with the rapidly changing medical environment and meet consumer needs, by examining what affected the satisfaction and revisit of health Promotion center Client. The subjects in this study were 186 of visitor to health Promotion center in a university hospital in the city of Busan. A survey was conducted with structured questionnaire from March 2 to 30, 2001. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS for Windows (ver10.0). For more statistical analysis, frequency analysis, component analysis, t-test, ANOVA and correlation analysis procedures were utilized. Results of the study can be summarized as follows: 1. Regarding demographic characteristics, 51.6% of the Client investigated were male, and 48.4% were female. The greatest number of them were in their 40s(38.9%). 86.5% were married, and 34.2% were self-employed. 44% were a high-school graduate, and the monthly mean income of 59.4% was one to three million Won. And, the residential area of 46.8%, the largest percentage, was a half-an-hour distance from health Promotion center. 2. The most common motivation of their selection of the health Promotion center was a recommendation by Staff and neighborhood(59.7%), followed by excellent facilities and services(17.2%), the tradition and reputation of the hospital(7.5%), and its publicity pamphlets(7.5%). 3. 45.9%, the largest percentage, acquired health-related information from their friends or acquaintances. 43.8%, the greatest percentage, visited there because they felt there's something wrong with their body. 53.4% worried about the possibility of being attacked by cancer, and 57.5% wanted to take a precise cancer examination. For health maintenance, 50.1% got regular exercise. Regular exercise was considered most crucial for health maintenance or promotion. 4. The largest reason they used that examination center again was the kindness of employees(52.7%), followed by the tradition and reputation of the hospital(21%) and excellent examination setting and equipment(10.8%). 5. By demographic factor, there was no significant difference between the man and women in satisfaction level with examination and expenses. The women expressed more satisfaction at facilities, and the high-school graduate group were more contented with expenses. 6. As a result of investigating their satisfaction level according to the motivation of selecting that examination center, the group that chose the center due to excellent facilities and services were more satisfied with examination and expenses. 7. As for the relationship of total examination satisfaction to revisit. intention, there was a higher correlational relationship between total health examination satisfaction and expense satisfaction. Especially, the more they were satisfied with examination, the more they were willing to revisit there for another examination.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.105-118
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• 2015

Purpose - The objective of this study is to verify whether there are differences between Korean and Chinese consumers in the importance of the attributes such as shopping value and loyalty in social commerce. With the purpose of finding out these differences, the following questions are set up as research questions. First, will there be a difference between Korea and China in the importance of attributes of social commerce? Second, will there be a difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value? Third, will there be a difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in their loyalty? Research design, data, and methodology - The researchers collected data through self-administered questionnaires from Korean and Chinese consumers who had used social commerce within the past six months before answering the questionnaire. First, for social commerce users in Korea, comprising male and female university students in Chungcheong, a questionnaire was circulated. For social commerce users in China, university students within Beijing were surveyed. Responses to 336 questionnaires were used, excluding those with no answers or unreliable answers. Data coding and data cleaning were used. SPSS 18.0 was used. First, exploratory factor analysis is done to verify the validity of testing tools, and Cronbach's α coefficient is used to verify credibility. For factor analysis, the Varimax method is used. To verify the internal consistency reliability of each factor, the Cronbach's α coefficient is used to verify the credibility. Second, a T-test is done to verify differences between Korean and Chinese consumers for the importance of attributes. Third, ANOVA (Analysis of variance) is done to verify differences between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value and loyalty. Results - When Korean and Chinese consumers use social commerce, first, the importance of the attributes of social commerce is affected by four factors; playfulness and economic factors are more important to Korean consumers than Chinese consumers. As for informativeness factors, including product information and quality, and buyer comments, there was no confirmed difference between Korean and Chinese consumers. The convenience factor is more important to Chinese consumers than Korean consumers. Second, the factors affecting shopping value for Korean and Chinese consumers were hedonic shopping value and rational shopping value. To see the difference between Korean and Chinese consumers in shopping value factors, a t-test is conducted. As a result, in the rational shopping value factors of social commerce, Korean consumers scored higher than did Chinese consumers. These results were verified to be meaningful through statistics. In the hedonic shopping value factor of social commerce, Korean consumers scored higher than Chinese consumers. These results showed a significant difference. Third, loyalty in social commerce is higher for Chinese consumers than for Korean consumers. However, there is no difference in loyalty depending on sex. Conclusions - These results will hopefully be valuable and used in the future by Korean companies that wish to enter the Chinese social commerce market.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.666-679
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• 2022

With the development of information and communication technology, borders are removed and consumer needs are diversified, so a new consumption form called overseas direct purchase has emerged and has been growing over the past few years. In this study, for the most common purchasing agency service among various types of overseas direct purchase, an empirical study was conducted on the effects of the content and logistics attributes of the overseas direct purchase platform on the perceived value and purchase intention of consumers. Data were collected from 273 domestic male and female adult consumers who had experience in information search related to overseas direct purchase, and the results of statistical analysis were summarized as follows. First, among the attributes of overseas direct purchase content and logistics attributes, only the attractiveness of content had a significant effect on the perceived value of consumers. Second, all perceived values of consumers were linked to purchase intentions, but among them, sensory values had a greater influence. Through these research results, it is suggested to increase the attractiveness of the web/app contents of overseas direct purchase service agents, and to improve the quality of services that can arouse sensory consumption experiences to meet the changing needs of consumers.