• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.10
• /
• pp.605-613
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is studying the relationship among experience choice, experience effect and experience satisfaction of marine leisure sports for the vitalization of marine leisure tourism. After preparing a questionnaire, investigation and analysis were done by visiting Boryeong area. The result of the study is as following. First, it was found that the major cause of choice in marine leisure sports has positive impact on choice satisfaction. Second, it was found that the major cause of choice has positive impact on experience effect. Third, it was found that the choice satisfaction in marine leisure sports has positive impact on experience effect. Fourth, it wa s found that the marine leisure sports visitors like motor boat, banana boat and yacht experience. Fifth, it is suggested that an equipment rental desk, safety facilities and marine leisure experience facility included in a marine leisure experience center to be built.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.149-161
• /
• 1992

The purpose of this study is to analyze information search activity in purchasing behavior of household electric goods. Qusetionare survey method was used in this research. The sample was taken from 302 housewives living in Seoul, from 9th of Nov. to 20th of Nov, in 1991. Used statical methods were Frequency, Percentage, Crosstab, Anova, and Regression Analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows : 1) Component elements of information search : The means of acquiring information is that friends, neighbors, sales are most. A cause of choosing information is the sequence of satisfaction after using, easiness of interaction. The time in choosing goods is more month. 2) Component element of information search as social economic status housewife : children numbers and means of acquiring information(P<.01), education and a cause of choosing information(P<.05), life cost per month and a cause of choosing information(P<.05), social economic status and a time information search are significant. 3) A perception of risk as searching information : Among searching content of information a price influence a perception of risk. 4) Content of searching information and satisfaction of purchasing experience : Best choice is significant as quality of goods, difference of quality is significant as safety and degree of offering information is significant as a brand. 5) Satisfaction of purchasing experience following practical use of information : Best choice is significant as viewing of an exhibit and opinion of user. Difference of quality is not significant as any vairable. Degree of offer information influence searching pamphlet, searching an advertisement and opinion of user. 6) A perception of risk following source of an information : A perception of risk is most influenced by pamphlet.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.53-67
• /
• 1987

In the fish industry, the perishabiliy of raw material, saeasonality of catch and diatance between production and consumption combine to cause physical distribution to be a difficult decision problem. In fishery physical distribution, the choice of appropriate landing port is a major problem. This paper deals with transshipment model to determine landing port as intermediate transfer point and the market to which fish should be sent. Transshipment model is useful to determine intermediate transfer point and can be reformulated as LP model. So this study developes transshipment model for korea large trawler ana analized the model output. It can be expended to a realistic problem in order to provide information to port planner and decision maker on the trade-offs between the cost and efficiency of fishery transportation.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.131-137
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The aim of the study is to investigate anxiety, fatigue and stress of dental hygiene students in clinical practice and to improve the psychological support program. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 428 dental hygiene students in 4 universities in Gwagju and Jeonnam. Data were analyzed for anxiety, stress and fatigue, general characteristics using SPSS 18.0 program for descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation. Results : Saliva suction showed the most high score in treatment($mean{\pm}SD=2.92{\pm}1.13$) and was followed by children dental care($2.79{\pm}1.21$), preventive dental care($2.38{\pm}1.04$), maxillofacial radiology($2.35{\pm}1.15$). During the clinical practice, students felt uneasy when they stayed in relative home(p<0.05). Poor interpersonal relation(p<0.001), poor health condition(p<0.01), low satisfaction with major(p<0.01), the other cause of major choice(p<0.01) influenced on their stress. Satisfaction with major was closely related to clinical practice performance, anxiety, physical fatigue and mental fatigue. Conclusions : In order to reduce physical, mental, neuro sensory fatigue of students in clinical practice, it is recommended to reinforce the patient care etiquettes in curricula.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2007.07a
• /
• pp.2052-2053
• /
• 2007

Recently, the importance of supplying the reliable electric power is increasing. Breaking insulation of stator winding is major cause of fault in rotator machine. On-line PD detecting is useful technique to diagnose rotator machine. However, interpretation of its results in time domain is very complex because of the mixed results with PD(Partial Discharge) and noise signal. Therefore, the results were analyzed in frequency domain by FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) to detect precise PD signals. The purpose of this paper is to describe the optimal frequency range to discriminate the PD and noise signal.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2005

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has long been used as an adjuvant or first choice of therapy for liver disease. Commonly, UDCA has been reported to play a role in improving hyperbilirubinemia and disorder of bromsulphalein. More commonly, UDCA has been used in reducing the rate of cholesterol level in bile juice that can cause cholesterol stone. The effects on the promotion of bile acid release that leads an excretion of toxic materials and wastes produced in liver cells as well as various arrays of liver disease such as hepatitis. Other than already reported in clinical use, immunosuppressive effect has been studied, especially in transplantation. In the study, we hypothesized that UDCA might have a certain role in anti-inflammation through a preventive effect of pro-inflammatory potentials in the brain macrophages, microglia. We found that the treatment of $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ UDCA effectively suppressed the pro-inflammatory mediators (i.e. nitric oxide and interleukin-$1{\beta}$) in rat microglia compared to comparators. Interestingly, RT-PCR analysis suggested that UDCA strongly attenuated the expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ that was comparable with cyclosporine A at 48 h incubation. Conclusively, we found that UDCA may playa cytoprotective role in microglial cells through direct or indirect pathways by scavenging a toxic compound or an anti-inflammatory effect, which are known as major causes of neurodegenerative diseases.

• Journal of The Korean Dental Society of Anesthesiology
• /
• v.6 no.2 s.11
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 2006

Generalized anaphylaxis is a most dramatic and acutely life-threatening allergic reaction. Most fatalities from anaphylaxis occur within the first 30 minutes postantigenic exposure. The mechanism of generalized anaphylaxis is the reaction of IgE antibodies to an allergen that causes the release of histamine, bradykinin, and others. These chemical mediators cause the contraction of smooth muscles of the respiratory and intestinal tracts, as well as increased vascular permeability. Four major clinical symptoms are recognized: skin reactions, smooth muscle spasm (gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts and respiratory smooth muscle), respiratory distress, and cardiovascular collapse. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for the management. Its syrnpathomimetic effects directly counteract most aspects of the attack. Respiration must be immediately supported by the establishment of a patent airway along with artificial ventilation. The circulation should be supported and the existing hypotension overcome by placing the victim in a position to allow gravity to aid venous return and by administering intravenous fluids, vasopressors, and corticosteroids. When an imperceptible pulse is evident, external cardiac compression must also be instituted. This is a case report of anaphylactic shock care during general anesthesia, possibly due to penicillin, pancuronium and others.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.134-138
• /
• 2016

The fullerene solar cells are becoming a feasible choice due to the advanced developments in donor materials and improved fabrication techniques of devices. Recently, sufficient optimization and improvements in the processing techniques like incorporation of solvent vapor annealing (SVA) with additives in solvents has become a major cause of prominent improvements in the performance of organic solar cell-based devices . On the other hand, the challenge of reduced open circuit voltage (V_oc) remains. This study presents an approach for significant performance improvement of overall device based on organic small molecular solar cells (SMSCs) by following a two step technique that comprises thermal annealing (TA) and SVA (abbreviated as SVA+TA). In case of exclusive use of SVA, reduction in V_oc can be eliminated in an effective way. The characteristics of charge carriers can be determined by the measurement of transient photo-voltage (TPV) and transient photo-current (TPC) that determines the scope for improvement in the performance of device by two step annealing. The recovery of reduced V_oc is linked with the necessary change in the dynamics of charge that lead to increased overall performance of device. Moreover, SVA and TA complement each other; therefore, two step annealing technique is an appropriate way to simultaneously improve the parameters such as V_oc, fill factor (FF), short circuit current density (J_sc) and PCE of small molecular solar cells.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.611-616
• /
• 1994

A major cause of missing permanent incisors is congenital abscence and extraction because of trauma and pathologic condition. The request for restoration of missing or spaced anterior teeth is common in dental practice. Problems, such as the tilting, drifting, and rotation of teeth adjacent to the space, complicate the restoration of apperance, and a normally simple restorative dental procedure may become difficult. There are two primary treatment alternatives to improving a dentition's irregular and spaced apperance-closing the space by orthodontic means or providing a prosthesis to disguise the space. The treatment choice depends on many variables, but, as a general rule, patients with a normal overbite, overjet, and buccal relationship are better treated by maintaining the sapce and providing a prosthesis, either fixed or removable. This case report presents two cases : Traumatic loss of maxillary right and left central incisors, Extraction of malformed mandibular right central inciosr. The loss of central incisor space was regained by the fixed-removable and fixed orthodontic appliance, and then Maryland bridge was cemented.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.63 no.12
• /
• pp.469-476
• /
• 2020

The major pathogens that cause atypical pneumonia are Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, and Legionella pneumophila. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by M. pneumoniae or C. pneumoniae is common in children and presents as a relatively mild and self-limiting disease. CAP due to L. pneumophila is very rare in children and progresses rapidly, with fatal outcomes if not treated early. M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. pneumophila have no cell walls; therefore, they do not respond to β-lactam antibiotics. Accordingly, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones are the treatments of choice for atypical pneumonia. Macrolides are the first-line antibiotics used in children because of their low minimum inhibitory concentrations and high safety. The incidence of pneumonia caused by macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae that harbors point mutations has been increasing since 2000, particularly in Korea, Japan, and China. The marked increase in macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MRMP) is partly attributed to the excessive use of macrolides. MRMP does not always lead to clinical nonresponsiveness to macrolides. Furthermore, severe complicated MRMP responds to corticosteroids without requiring a change in antibiotic. This implies that the hyper-inflammatory status of the host can induce clinically refractory pneumonia regardless of mutation. Empirical macrolide therapy in children with mild to moderate CAP, particularly during periods without M. pneumoniae epidemics, may not provide additional benefits over β-lactam monotherapy and can increase the risk of MRMP.