• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 2013

Recently, it is certain that the increase of heating and cooling energy consumption by radical change in climate condition has caused serious problems related to environmental and energy concerns associated with increase of fossil fuel usage and carbon dioxide production as well as global warming. So, various actions to reduce greenhouse gas exhaustion and energy consumption have been prepared by world developed countries. Our government has also been trying to seek energy control methods for houses and buildings by proclaiming political polices on low-carbon green growth and construction and performance standards for environment-friendly housing. The energy consumption by buildings approximately reaches 25% of total korea energy consumption, and the increasing rate of energy consumption by buildings is stiffer than the rate by the other industries. The greatest part in the buildings of the energy consumption is building facade. While lots of research projects for reducing energy consumption of the facade have been conducted, but a few research projects on concrete comprising more than 70% of outsider of buildings has been tried. This research presents here a study to improve the insulation property of structural concrete formed by micro form admixture (MFA) with experimentally reviewing the physical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of the concrete. As the results of this experiment, in the case of concrete mixed with MFA, slump loss has been improved. As the mixing ratio of MFA increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. Also it was found that water-cement ratio increases, the compressive strength is decreased and thermal conductivity is increased. but, there was not big influence by the change of fine aggregate ratio.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.95-124
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• 2009

This study aims to introduce greenhouse gas emission trading in Korea as a highly cost-effective mechanism for controlling emissions. The Basic Act on Low-Carbon Green Growth will cover methods of emissions allocation, national inventory, and trading systems (i.e. emissions trading platforms, national registry,and clearing and settlement platforms). The Korean emission scheme will be based on the Korean Climate Change Act proposed by the National Assembly and Government with a cap-and-trade scheme. The national allowances will be allocated by the hybrid system. To establish the national inventory, TRADEMARKS (Telemetering System) and emissions factors are effective for greenhouse gas emissions measurement. It will likewise be effective for the national registry to be implemented via a Korean Integrated Registry, the emissions trading platform via the KRX (Korean Exchange), and the clearing and settlement platform via the KSD (Korean Securities Depository). In other words, the KRX will manage product development and marketing for Korean Carbon Financial Instruments (including commodities, futures, and options contracts) listed and admitted to trading on the KRX. All emissions trades will be standardized and cleared by the KSD.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.6D
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• pp.697-705
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to clarify the relation between environmental consciousness and railway usage behavior. Author would locate this research on position of basic survey to promote railway use according to Low Carbon Green Growth policy in Korea. In this research, we would perform descriptive analysis using data of research on the actual condition of railway use in 2008, Daegu, and describe its relationship. In addition, we would suggest some idea about policy which can promote railway use. The order of railway choice behavior noticed in clustering of environmental consciousness was cooperative behavior type, middle type and non-cooperative behavior type. It suggests that environmental consciousness has effect on transportation choice behavior. Specially, railway improvement isn't enough to promote railway use. And, it is advisable to carry out the improvement in such a way that it may encourage the nation to move from the current environmental consciousness stage to cooperative behavior. Moreover, we assumed Binary Probit(BP) model using SP data of time or condition of transportation expense compared with passenger car and bus. As the results, modified likelihood ratio of two BP models is favorable variables. And it occurred that mode was transferred from passenger car to railway when it showed higher social environment consciousness and low selfish environment consciousness, because t-statistic which represents selfish environment consciousness showed significance in 95% confidence level. That is, it can be described that environment consciousness affect on the intention of railway use.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.41-59
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• 2022

In accordance with the enactment of 'the Paris Agreement' in 2015 and 'the Framework Act on Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth for Response to the Climate Crisis' in 2021, each local government has set appropriate reduction target of greenhouse gas to achieve the nationally determined contribution (NDC, the reduction target of 40% compared to 2018) of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in 2030. In this study, the current distribution of GHG emissions was analyzed in a time series centered on the Chungbuk region for the period from 1990 to 2018, with the aim of reducing GHG emissions in Chungbuk by 2030 based on the 2030 NDC and scenario. In addition, the prospected reduction by 2030 was estimated considering the projected emissions according to Busines As Usual in order to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions. Our results showed that GHG emissions in Chungbuk and Korea have been increasing since 1990 owing to population and economic growth. GHG emissions in 2018 in Chungbuk were very low (3.9 %) relative to the national value. Moreover, emissions from fuel combustion, such as cement and lime production, manufacturing and construction industries, and transportation industries, were the main sources. Furthermore, the 2030 target of GHG emission reduction in Chungbuk was set at 40.2% relative to the 2018 value, in accordance with the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon-zero national scenario. Therefore, when projected emissions were considered, the prospected reduction to achieve the target reduction of GHG emissions was estimated to be 46.8% relative to 2018. The above results highlight the importance of meeting the prospected reduction of GHG emissions through reduction means in each sector to achieve the national and local GHG reduction target. In addition, to achieve the 2030 NDC and 2050 carbon zero, the country and each local government, including Chungbuk, need to estimate projected emissions by year, determine reduction targets and prospect reductions every year, and prepare specific means to reduce GHG emissions.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

In accordance with low carbon and green growth paradigm, a subway is one of major public transit systems for resolving traffic congestion and decreasing traffic accidents. In addition, as subway networks expand, passengers' travel pattern in the subway network change and consequently affect the urban structure. Generally, new subway route has been planned and developed, mainly considering a travel demand forecast. However, it is desired to conduct an empirical analysis on the forecast model regarding change of travel accessibility and passenger demand pattern according to new subway line. Therefore, in this paper, an alternative method, developed based upon a spatial syntax model, is proposed for evaluating new subway route in terms of passenger's mobility and network accessibility. In a case study, we constructed subway network data, mainly targeting the no 9 subway line opened in 2009. With an axial-map analysis, we calculated spatial characteristics to describe topological movement interface. We then analyzed actual modal shift and change on demand of passengers through the number of subway passenger between subway stations and the number of passenger according to comparative bus line from Smart Card to validate suggested methods. Results show that the proposed method provides quantitative means of visualizing passenger flow in subway route planning and of analyzing the time-space characteristics of network. Also, it is expected that the proposed method can be utilized for predicting a passengers' pattern and its impact on public transportation.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.213-220
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• 2018

The automobile industry in Korea is a very large industrial sector. Nowadays, as the interest in low carbon green growth grows all over the world, it is time to actively secure future competitiveness of the automobile industry. Therefore, it is essential to study consumer attitudes and intentions for electric vehicles at the time when technological and social changes are expected. This study was conducted to investigate the acceptability and preference of electric vehicle for 250 people. The results are as follows. As the monthly income and the number of residents increased, the decision was made to accommodate the electric vehicle. The larger the effect of the electric vehicle on the consumers, the more the electric car decided to accommodate the electric car. In addition, three demographic characteristics (monthly income, number of residents, residence type) showed that there was a difference in satisfaction of electric vehicles. As a result of analyzing the satisfaction level of the electric vehicle, it was found that the electric vehicle has a satisfactory effect on the consumer, the electric vehicle is about 3.5 times more satisfying, and the larger the interest of the electric car is, the more the electric car is about 2.1 times.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.17-28
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• 2012

This study aims to present the ground for the introduction of energy-saving landscape facilities which can meet the requirements of the age and create a new space by introducing the facilities which saves energy and that users prefer at the space where urbanites enjoy leisure activities in the urban parks. Thus, in addition to a spatial analysis of the parks for 10 urban parks in Gimpo, through an attitude survey on the users' behaviors, the following conclusions were drawn out. First, as a result of putting all facilities in the urban parks in Gimpo, on average, 6.9 out of the standards of 9 (76.6%) have been installed, and as a result of an analysis on the total number of the installed facilities, on average, about 28 kinds of facilities have been installed, so only 22.4% of the total 125 facilities were installed. Second, many urbanites are using the parks for the purpose of taking a walk and exercise to improve their health; however, the legal standards regulate only 2.9 exercise facilities on average in the target area, which are somewhat insufficient. Third, regarding the citizens' intent to participate in responding to climate change, 76% of them showed their intention of participation. Thus, if the energy-saving facilities, the purpose of this study, are introduced, many users will use them, and it is judged that costs for existing street lights and electric power plants will decrease. Fourth, as a result of an analysis of their satisfaction with the facilities, the value of R-square meaning the explanatory power of the independent variables put in a linear model for dependent variables was 0.860, approximately 81% of the total satisfaction, which was a high explanatory power. This study conducted an attitude survey on the users of urban parks in Gimpo at the dimensions of the introduction of energy-saving facilities in the urban parks, the national policies and responses to climate change. It is significant that it identified the appropriateness of developing much more energy-saving landscape facilities needed for low-carbon green growth in various types, and as a subsequent project, a more precision study on this is necessary continuously.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.405-411
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• 2015

Recently, according to the low-carbon green growth policy, the Stirling Engine has been increasing the interest of some sort of external combustion engines Stirling Engine is largely divided into three types ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ and ${\gamma}$. Among them, a ${\gamma}$-type engine is easy to design and can be applied variously. However, owing to the connection distance between the cylinder and the crank, there was a problem that ${\gamma}$-type occupies a larger volume than the ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$-types. As one of the methods to solve this problem, we have to consider about the Yoke crank which have been applied mainly to the ${\alpha}$-type. Because there are two advantages in not only reduction of engine volume but also parallelizing the cylinder. In this study, leading on from the existing design techniques for the Ross Yoke crank, this paper presents a simple method that can apply the yoke crank design of the ${\gamma}$-type stirling engine.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.45-70
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• 2017

Tourist industry has many sensitive issues with climate change and is worthy of study from an aspect that it could provide new opportunities and threats from the low-carbon - green- growth point of view. To study how the change of awareness and attitude of the customers due to climate change affects the tourism demand and tourism choices is very important. Even at present, the effect is ongoing. In this paper, diverse needs and changes of tourists, who are the subjects of tourism activities, have been grasped through the examination of psychological characteristics according to climate change after defining the influencing relations of tourism experience, tourism value, tourism risk factors, satisfaction, and behavioral intention, affected by awareness of climate change and their attitude toward it. Through this, the implications that are necessary for establishing marketing strategies could be provided. The results of this present paper are as follows: First, it was shown that awareness of climate change did not affect tourism risk factors while it had a significant influence on tourism experience and tourism value. Secondly, it was revealed that the Chinese tourists generally influenced more greatly than the Koreans. Thirdly, it was shown that the attitude toward climate change did not affect tourism value while it influenced significantly on tourism experience and tourism risk factors. Fourthly, it was revealed that tourism risk factors did not affect tourism satisfaction while tourism experience and tourism value had a significant influence on tourist satisfaction. Fifthly and last, it was shown that tourism experience, tourism value, and tourism risk factors did not influence behavioral intention respectively.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.383-390
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• 2016

According to the "Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth", publication of annual national greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory report is mandatory. This annual GHG inventory report is used as basal data for GHG mitigation strategies. In the livestock sector, GHG emission trends from year 1990 to 2013 were estimated based on the 1996 IPCC guidelines with the Tier 1 methodology. GHG emissions from the livestock sector in 2013 were 9.9 million tons $CO_2-eq$., where emissions from enteric fermentation were 4.4 million tons $CO_2-eq$, increased by 47.4% over 1990 mainly due to the increase in non-dairy cattle population. On the other hand, GHG emissions from livestock manure in 2013 were 5.5 million tons $CO_2-eq$, increased by 75.5% over 1990 mainly due to the increase in non-dairy cattle, swine and poultry populations. Additional research is required to develop country-specific emission factors to estimate GHG emissions precisely from livestock in South Korea.