• Korean Security Journal
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• no.8
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• pp.1-26
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• 2004

The current consitutional law 29-1 is ordaining the State Tort Liability for the illegal action of public service personnel. Based on this regulation, the State Tort Liability Act 2-1 actualizes by indicating, the nation or the local self-governing community is responsible for the public service personnels damaging others during their office hours whether it is accidental or intentional. However, the same law is considered to be inappropriate for the damage relief. In order to supplement this problem, through examinations at both theoretical and systematic levels of Prima facie as well as the objectification and standardization of the damages are required for the national compensation for the police action. According to the objectification and standardization of the damage theory, the faulty actions of the public service personnel are the defects occurred during the office hours. In the case of the police action that frequently uses infringement administration, invading the liberty and rights of the people, it is necessary to interpret faulty damages during the office duties more comprehensively so as to extend its scope of the ordinary public service personnel accidental illegality. In order to warrant effectiveness of the securing the rights, it is crucial to distinguish whether the faulty actions are accidental or intentional. When proven to be damages by illegal police action, the police personnel is responsible for the faults, called Prima facie, the nation is liable for the damage relief.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.55
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• pp.97-116
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• 2018

Due to the rapid developments of South Korea, local communities have faced various social pathologies which generated more violent crimes and criminalized younger students. Several horrendous violences, such as a Kangneung Girl assassination assault case in July 2017 and a Busan Girls assault case in September 2017, happened only between young students. This ignited a public uproar and people were more interested in related national policies and voiced for stronger penalties in ways that punish student offenders and abolish the juvenile law. In this respect, various effective policies are needed to prevent the school violence and to eliminate the students' fear of crime. These are expected to create an environment where students could enthusiastically study in a safe environment. Focusing on elementary school students, this study seeks to empirically analyse the effects of their perception of local crime control governance on their fear of crime and, subsequently, to suggest policy implications which could prevent future school violence and juvenile crimes and reduce the students' fear of crime. The results of this study are as follows: First, the analysis of the general fear of local crime control governance and the fear of crime showed that elementary school students' trust in police officers had a significant effect on the general fear. Second, the analysis of the local fear of crime control governance and the fear of crime highlighted that their trust in the police, social ties, intimacy between the police and residents had a significant effect on the specific fear. Therefore, this study is applicable in reality in that it can contribute to the prevention of school violence and reduction of fear of crime by constructing local crime control governance.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.197-205
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• 2016

The public services closely related to the daily lives of the Japanese people, such as firefighting, police or primary school education, are largely financed by the local governments. As the population as a whole in Japan declines, the population in local regions are forecasted to experience particularly rapid decline in the future, and it is inevitable to reduce the cost of public services provided by the local governments to keep their financial basis sustainable. In order to provide public services to the people properly and fairly, the local governments own and utilize their public facilities, such as fire stations, police stations or primary schools. On the other hand, we have to secure the accessibility, which is the condition of accessing a facility easily in a whole local city including the high population density area and low population density area. In this paper, we propose a method of determining the number of future facilities and its facility locations in which we maintain the present accessibility. In our proposed method, we determine them comparing the accessibility measurement calculated by facility location model using the present and future population. We adopted k-centdian model as the facility location model, which can secure the accessibility in a whole local city determining the weights of both areas. We applied our proposed method to fire station in Iwaki city, Japan. The results suggested that 7 facilities would be reduced in 2064, after 50 years from 2014. Additionally, we confirmed that the future facility location had secured accessibility in both high and low population density area.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.59-80
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• 2019

Recently, our company has entered the modern knowledge company, government policy and regulation has a big influence on people's lives. Also, unlike in the past, I am hoping for administrative intervention as a problem peculiar to the environment, such as environmental housing problems, urban transportation problems, misuse problems, etc. and corporate pending issues. In this study, through the 10th year of the Seoul Special Citizen Judicial Police Force, if the local autonomy is a special envoy, it will try to present the correctness in the organization luck. As a measure to secure the nature of administrative action, the method of investigation was through the study of the execution process of administrative penalty and its result based on the statistical data of Seoul City. Therefore, we will analyze the process and operation of the 10-year organizational change of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's police force and examine how the police force of the people's livelihoods, which is a special investigation organization, is expanding its duties in order to strengthen the enforcement power of the administration. Also, we will make future-oriented suggestions to encourage the readjustment of the current relevant laws, such as the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, and to actively accommodate the expected changes of the special law police organization in charge of the enforcement of the police system.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.45
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• pp.7-35
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• 2015

South Korea's socioeconomic status is high enough to support services for the protection of crime victims. Until now, the Ministry of Justice was the only institution to protect and support the victims, but recently the national police is included. This is considered preferable, since the police is the one to contact the victims first- they can provide immediate support after the incident. Several limits in current laws and crime protection system exist. Therefore, given the importance of protecting victims, model of public-private joint forms should be considered. In premise of establishing a new relationship between the public-private joint system of justice and the maintenance, the range of police's involvement with crime supports will be determined. In the case of developed countries, the police and private organizations maintain close cooperation, appearing as substantial care and support for crime victims. Therefore this study reviews the problems in crime victim protection, assistance from the police stage, and suggest the improvements as follows. The first is to redefine the role of the police who first contacted in the crime victims protection support, the second is to establish a permanent cooperation framework, such as victims specialized police, victims protection agency, the third is to develop services for victim protection available from the police stage, and the fourth, opening Victim Support Center functioning as a temporary accommodation or safety zone for the personal protection of victims. The fifth is to regularize solution conference for victims' protection, and the sixth is to divide of roles in state organization government in charge of victim's protection and local government responsible for victim's support.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.358-366
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• 2019

Purpose: This paper aims to clarify the problems and to examine the improvement methods by investigating the management condition of local-designated cultural property of which management is relatively poor in comparison with state-designated cultural heritage. Method: In order to grasp the management situation of the local-designated cultural heritage, a research on cultural heritage management situation and problems will be carried out with 35 cultual heritages in Goryeong-gun. Also, the improvement methods about the property type vulnerability on the basis of interview with cultual property managers, fire-fighting officers and civil servants, etc. Results: Local cultural heritages were investigated to be very vulnerable to the fire of wooden buildings, the theft of movable cultural heritages, and the effects of wind and water damage. It is because cultural heritages are scattered over wide areas fundamentally. As the result, it has difficulty in the patrols of police officers and fire fighters, and in the situation that it lacks disaster monitoring and CCTV for countermeasures to replace them, electronic security including fire hydrant, sensors, etc and fire extinguishing facilities and so on. It is difficult for local governments managing local-designated cultural heritages to enhance their management systems directly due to their lack of budget and manpower. Conclusion: In order to strengthen disaster and safety management system for the cultural heritages designated by local governments, they have to clarify disaster countermeasure task of fire fighting, police, and cultural heritage managers prepare their manuals, and systematize them through disaster drill mainly in local autonomous governments. Also, so as to establish a surveillance system every day, they have to enhance the community for local cultural heritage manage consisting of local volunteer fire departments, local voluntary disaster prevention organizations, volunteers, etc.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.151-157
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• 2020

The first thing we can consider to prevent juvenile delinquency is to punish those criminals. However, this is not always the proper solution. In consideration to the feature of juvenile period when they lack in proper judgment it is better to provide education than punishment so that they are not branded as criminals in our society. Also, by returning to the society, they can obtain social techniques and obtain the opportunity of making contribution to the society, which is also good for their career development. Combining international examples on juvenile delinquency prevention, there is a need to comprehensively evaluate level of probation and risk exposure of juvenile based on placement matrix of comprehensive strategy program in the US. Also, control solution by juvenile crime development phase should be made. In terms of control treatment based on crime phase, crime history should be considered when applying control. For the subject of preventing juvenile crime, it shouldn't be legal organizations like before but shall be home, school, local society, and legal organization together.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.48-57
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• 2020

This study aims to examine the impact of Korean paternalistic leadership under a hierarchical structure on employee voice and also to compare the differences in leaders' behaviors-authoritarian, benevolent, and moral, and the effects on employee voice between governmental organizations and Quasi-government organizations. The sample of governmental organizations includes 195 employees under job control from at least middle-range or higher managers at local governments and local police agencies in Daegu and Busan metropolitan. The other sample also includes 189 employees reporting directly to managers with job control in public enterprises and government-funded Korean institutes in the same cities. This study employs t-test and regression analysis to test presumed hypotheses. As the results of the analysis, there is a significant difference in authoritarian leadership between governmental organizations and Quasi-government organizations, but both benevolent and moral leadership are not. Benevolent and moral leadership are positively related to employee voice, but authoritarian leadership is not. Based on the analytical results, this research suggests the theoretical implications and the limitations on the applicability of paternalistic leadership into the Korean cultural context for an expanded understanding of leadership theory and practical implications for managers in terms of improvement of employee voice.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.155-165
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• 2021

The measures to extend local education autonomy are as follows: First, it is necessary to correct the confusion of the legal system of the local education autonomy system. For this, Article 12, Paragraph 2 and 4 of the 「Special Act on Local Autonomy and Decentralization, and Restructuring of Local Administrative Systems」 which state that "The State shall endeavor to consolidate systems for autonomy in education and local government" and "The implementation of autonomy in education and the autonomous police system shall be prescribed separately by Acts" should be deleted. Second, it is necessary to clarify unnecessary legal matters and regulatory measures for unification at the national level and to proactively consider the introduction of the legal trust system, in which education affairs are designated as local governments' own work and the state carries out specific affairs. The decentralization of local education finance is a key factor for the development of local education autonomy, and it requires the transfer of authority and resources to the region, and the enhancement of local autonomy and corresponding responsibility. First, the ratio of special grants must be adjusted further (from 3% to 2%) or the ratio of national policy projects must be lowered. Second, the provision that requires a consultation with a mayor/governor when making a budget covered by transfers from general accounts should be deleted. Third, it is necessary to remove the elements that limit the authority of city and provincial councils. Fourth, it is necessary to integrate the national education tax and the local education tax to create the education autonomy tax (tentative name) for only one independent purpose. Fifth, it is necessary to strengthen the distribution of the total amount of grants and abolish the settlement regulations for the measurement items of standard financial demand. Sixth is the expansion of the participation of stakeholders and experts in the grant distribution process. Seventh, it is necessary to establish a long-term employment system by designating the education finance field as a special field. Eight is the expansion of cooperative governance.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.285-297
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• 2011

At recent years, juvenile crime that occurred, that young people have done incredibly cruel and serious intelligence community is making a serious scandal. The relationship between parents and youth crime under the influence of family environment factors and the hypothetical failure of school maladjustment and school factors due to contact with friends, around the area due to hazardous environment, local surroundings and social factors that committed a crime by were Juvenile crime in the real statistics on the rise again, starting the year 2005, and is increasingly young, violent crimes showed a high percentage increases. In order to prevent juvenile crime, these homes, schools, community work together to raise sustainable alternatives are needed. The police, as well as the maintenance of law and institutions, cooperation of youth organizations, increasing activity, such as removing harmful environmental youth leadership program, the flight needs to be improved. Today, juvenile crime is not simply a matter of police activities, school-linked program, police, community-linked programs, such as police comprehensive preparedness and commitment of the authorities is required.