• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.183-198
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of clinical nutrition services provided at tertiary hospitals and general hospitals in Korea. In total, 157 questionnaires were distributed to the departments of nutrition at hospitals on September 2013. The results of this study are as follows. The median number of beds was 607 and average length of stay was 8 days. 63.1% of dietitians had over 5 years of career experience. Nutritional screening rate was 97% in tertiary hospitals but only 67.2% in general hospitals (P<0.001). The rate of equipment with computerized nutritional screening system was 100% in tertiary hospitals but 71.9% in general hospitals (P<0.001). Hospitals with the best regarding nutritional care were hospitals accredited by JCI (Joint Commission International). On the other hand, hospitals not accredited by the JCI but KOIHA (Korea Institute for Healthcare Accreditation) showed the lowest performance rate of nutritional care. Nutrition support teams (NSTs) were established in all tertiary hospitals but in only 73% of general hospitals (P<0.001). The rate of actively operating NSTs was 89% in tertiary hospitals but only 62% in general hospitals (P<0.001). There is a need to provide proper standardized clinical nutrition services as a primary treatment and we observed large variations in the quality of nutritional service between hospitals. Therefore, local solutions are needed to implement nutritional programs and policies for improved service and care.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.47-54
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose an auto-detection algorithm of basal cell carcinoma(BCC) from the protophorphyrin IX(PpIX) fluorescence image induced by appling the methyl 5-aminolaevulinate(MAL) ointment-induced protophorphyrin IX(PpIX) to the skin tumour area and then shining the wood lamp on the area. The proposed algorithm first generates 3 mask areas-tumor area, suspected tumor area and tumor free area and then applies local watershed algorithm to the turner and the suspected tumor areas to make small watershed regions that include similar luminance value pixels. Next, small watershed regions are merged by hierarchical queue based fast region merging that uses the difference between the average luminance values of adjacent watershed regions as a region merging criterion and finally BCC regions are detected. 50 tissue samples are acquired from the tumour regions of 10 patients with BCC that are extracted by using the proposed algorithm and are performed pathological examination by expert dermatologist. Experiment result shows the rate of tumor detection from BCC lesion using presurgical in vivo of MAL-indeuced PpIX fluorescence has high sensitivity 94.1% and relatively high specificity 82.6%.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.389-401
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• 1998

In this study, 21 patients diagnosed as adult periodontitis were divided into 4 groups. One quadrant with an average of 6mm deep pocket depth was chosen from each individual - Group A inserted tetra-cycline fiber after removing supragingival calculus while group RP had calculus removal and root planning alone. Group RP+A received combination of these treatments while group C received none. Plaque index, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, attachment level, and distribution of subgingival plaque were compared and evaluated among these groups at periods of first visit, 4th week and 8th week. The results were as follows ; 1. Plaque index and bleeding on probing improved after treatment and no significant difference was found between the groups. 2. When comparing the change in pocket depth between the groups, the use of tetracycline fiber showed significant reducton in pocket depth comparable to root planing. Combined therapy of tetracycline fiber and root planing showed synergistic effect in pocket depth reduction. 3. When comparing the change in attachment level between the groups, the use of tetracycline fiber showed significant increase in clinical attachment level comparable to root planing, but no synergistic effect was found in the combined therapy. 4. When comparing the change in the motile bacteria ratio between the groups, group RP and group RP+A showed significant decrease compared with control group. 5. There were no severe adverse effects from using tetracycline fiber, except for a few patient who experienced mild discomfort. In summary, the use of local adminstration of tetracycline fiber in adjunction to mechenical treatment can be effective for adult periodontitis.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.362-368
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze outpatient referral patterns of children in Jeonbuk National University Dental Hospital. All patients under 16 years old who were consulted from the external facilities were reviewed based on the electronic medical record of Jeonbuk National University Dental Hospital from 2015 to 2018. Total 720 boys and 460 girls with an average age of 7.4 years were referred from local dental clinic (85.2%) for treatment severity (90.2%). 3.2% of patients has disability with the highest number of intellectual disabilities. The patients were usually referred at the pre-treatment stage with higher rates if they had disability or medical problem. Referral rate by chief complaints was highest in surgery, followed by reparative treatment and orthodontic treatment. 2^nd referrals in pediatric dentistry had a higher rate of referrals to minor surgery and pulp treatment than of first referrals. The time point of 2^nd referral was relatively delayed with increased ratio of 'during treatment'. These results suggest necessities of appropriate case selection and referral based reasonable criteria for pediatric dentist.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the STS (science-technology-society) contents in chemistry chapters of middle school science textbooks standardized by 7th national curriculum, and to investigate chemistry teachers' perception of STS education. This study was based on 8 essential elements in STS education suggested by Yager and 9 activities in SATIS (science and technology in society). The questionnaire and interview were used to investigate chemistry teachers' perception. As a result of this study, the average value of the STS contents in chemistry chapters of 7 kinds of middle school science textbooks was 22.4%, and the STS contents were preponderated to essential elements of science application and local and community relevance. And STS contents showed that science 2 textbooks were the most of all and in order of science 1 textbooks and science 3 textbooks. As a result of analysis by activities in SATIS, most activities were practice activity, problem-solving and decision making, and structured discussion. Chemistry teachers' perceptions of STS education were following. There were many responses that STS education was necessary for educational efficiency. On the other hand STS education was unnecessary because there were few effective teaching-learning method related with STS education. From these results, middle school science textbooks have to be complemented because 2 essential elements of the STS contents were preponderated in the science textbooks. And the teaching-learning method connected with STS education will have to be developed for the efficiency of STS education.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.43
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• pp.123-148
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• 2015

Kim Deuk-yeon(金得硏), who lived at the age of Chosun Dynasty, was the person who kept the parents's will of not serving as a government officias even though he had the ability of serving those positions. He made his composition at the Jisujeong(止水亭), a kind of pavilion which he had built, and the Sijo(時調) Sanjungjapgok(山中雜曲) is one of those compositions. This sugggestes that Sanjungjapgok has a close relation with the Jisujeong(止水亭) which he opreated on his own. So the purpose of this study is focused on analyzing the Sanjungjapgok based on his goal of operating the Jisujeong. The middle age of Chosun dynasty was the era when the pavilion had been prevail even to the average aristocrats who stayed just in local area. Kim Deuk-yeon seems to have had a great endeavor of operating his own pavilion; he had prepared to build Jisujeong for about 30 years. This resulted in his affection of the Jisujeong, which caused him to spend the last part of his life there. Sanjungjapgok consists of 49 pieces of peom and seems to have been written after compositing Jisujeongga(止水亭歌). Even though it has the same title, it doesn't have lots of relations for us to regard this as a Yeonsijo(聯詩調). But this also has the properties of Yeonsijo, whoch contatins 14 Yeonjaksijo(聯作時調) composed of Yeonsijo which has 2 to six lines. The subject of the Sanjungjapgok can be classified as a four major parts: appreciating the nature, study, gathering to make the poem, and taking a rest while satisfied with his own situation. These four properties reflect the function of the private pavilion. In the light of these four properties, I noticed that there were some contents dealing with the private pavilion. Given his social status, I was able to confirm that he had the considerable satisfaction with his life of operating the private pavilion, which was reflected by the Sanjungjapgok.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.83-100
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• 2015

This paper aims to survey the supply status and demand of the scientific & technological information among the 1,059 small enterprises demanding the support in Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-do which have been supported by the Branch of KISTI and to propose the approaches to improve the scientific & technological information system. As the results of this research, Busan, Ulsan and Gyeongsangnam-do have very poor business and R&D environment to the extent that 96.3% of businesses was small business (medium business only for 3.7%) and 31% of total small & medium-cized businesses has less than 10 R&D workers. Small & medium-sized businesses which have demanded the information to KISTI account for only 0.2% in average for 3 years. The information demand types are market trend (26.8%), industrial property right (22.1%), business proposal (19.9%), item exploration (16.8%) and quality certification (8.4%). The supplied informations include scientific and technological data survey, market survey, translation and information application seminar. The business achievements from the information supply include 379 cases in technological development improvement and launch of products, 88 cases in technology certifications and 414 cases in patents and utility design application and registration. By the analysis results, the small and medium-sized businesses have difficulties in using R&D information by themselves. Thus, it's proposed to establish the science and technology information center in southeastern region and develop the information advisors specialized in local specialty industry categories. It's also proposed to expand the manpower and budget of KISTI concerning the information support for small & medium-sized businesses.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2005

On January 1, 2005, the Special Act on Metropolitan Air Quality Improvement, known as the Blue Sky 21 Program, entered into force. This Special Act is aimed at reducing the annual average concentrations of $PM_{10}$ and $NO_2$ to $40{\mu}g/m^3$ and 22ppb, respectively, from their current levels of $76{\mu}g/m^3$ and 36ppb, within the next 10 years. While the main focus of the Act is to reduce $PM_{10}$ and $NO_2$ emissions, the government also anticipates that these reductions would lessen high ozone occurrences and improve visibility. However, reducing local PM emissions would not decrease $PM_{10}$ concentrations as much as expected since other significant sources, such as continental inflow and/or secondary formation from photochemical reactions, exist. This is corroborated by the fact that $PM_{10}$ in the greater Seoul Metropolitan area during the ozone season is mostly in the form of $PM_{2.5}$, which is secondarily formed on a regional scale. Furthermore, many modeling results indicate so-called '$NO_x$ disbenefits,' referring to the fostering of an increase in ozone concentrations from a decrease in $NO_x$ emissions, over an extensive area. In this paper, the current status of air quality in the Seoul Metropolitan area is reviewed, and several other issues, including the effect of long-range transport, photochemical characteristics, and tasks for successful implementation of the Special Act are discussed.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.182-192
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• 2011

Objectives: This study aims to identify the influential factors on the pulmonary function of targeted general residents in the areas surrounding Gwangyang Steel Mill. Methods: An PFT (Pulmonary Function Test) was conducted from May 2007 to November 2007 on 974 target residents (438 male, 536 female), including an exposed group (674 people) who resided within a radius of 5 km from Gwangyang Steel Mill in Gwangyang-si, Jeollanam-do and a control group (300 people) who resided outside a radius of 15 km. A survey related to personal characteristics, life habits, respiratory diseases and allergic symptoms, medical histories and living environments of the residents was also conducted to identify influential factors on pulmonary function. Results: As %$FEV_1$ and %FVC of the exposed group are 99.17% and 96.98%, respectively, and those of the control group are 105.47% and 101.91%, respectively, with the PFT values of the exposed group being lower than those of the control group (p<0.001), it turns out that the pollution in the industrial complex is likely to trigger a reduction in the pulmonary function of local residents. The odds ratio analysis result for asthma diagnosis history indicates that the odds ratios tend to be higher among surveyed residents who are living near above-average traffic volumes and are using beds, where it is statistically meaningful that especially the odds ratios are higher if the residences are closer to roads (p<0.01, CI=1.12-4.52). The factors that affect the FEV1 are identified as smoking, passive smoking, asthma diagnosis history, nasal congestion symptoms and allergic eye disease ($R^2$=0.154, p<0.001). The factors that affect the FVC are identified as smoking, passive smoking, asthma diagnosis history and allergic coryza ($R^2$=0.158, p<0.001). In addition, the analysis result for the relevance of air pollution levels to pulmonary function ($FEV_1$, FVC) shows that FEV1 and FVC tend to decrease as the concentration of $O_3$ increases. Conclusions: We believe that this study may provide preliminary data for the development of preventive measures for health effects on the residents and environmental health control measures for environmental pollution in the industrial complex area.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.185-197
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• 2008

Purpose : To know the smoking status of regional residents and to contribute the development of smoking education program by analyzing the related characteristics and affecting variables. by convenience sampling of total 1,300 regional residents in Daegu. Method : The investigation was conducted with 1,204 residents in mid to small urban area of Gyeongsangbukdo. for 3 months from April 1, to June 30, 2007. Results : 1) The current smoking rate of test subjects was 19.3% and 63% responded as non smoker, and 17.1% of test subjects responded as currently stopped smoking. 2) The smokers' age that habitually started smoking resulted to show the highest distribution at their age of $20{\sim}29$ by including 49.3% in 446 smokers, and 39.6% in ages younger than 19 years old. 3) The subjective health status of test subjects was found to be healthy in 65.1% of nonsmokers. 4) The increase of stress along with the increase of depression significantly had large effects on smoking rate. 5) When the regression analyses were conducted, test subjects' sex, age, religion, current residing area, occupation, the level of health status, the level of stress and the level of depression found to have significant effects, and the influence of these variables was 27.4% by showing an overall significance. Conclusion : Primarily, the average smoking rate of regional residents was slightly decreased, but the smoking rate in juveniles, university students, professional workers, office workers, labor workers and women were found to be increased. Therefore smoking prevention and stop smoking policies have to be enforced with the development of more effective education programs. Secondly, the health status especially the increase of stress along with the increase of depression significantly had large effects on smoking rate. So, it is considered that the responsible government, related organizations and experts should make efforts not only for the improvement of health and but also for the establishment of stress and depression solving measures. Thirdly, the supports and willingness of government and local government for substantial practicing the development of smoking prevention and stop smoking enforcement policy education programs have to be advanced with the systematic backup as the first step of improving health of national peoples.