• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.880-885
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• 2010

Purpose: The recent trends of multiple births (MBs) conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) in Korea were analyzed as well as the relationship with maternal age, especially advanced maternal age. Methods: Data were obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service and annual ART reports from the ART committee of the Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Results: MBs increased from the early 1990s; there was a 275% increase by 2008. The number of total live births was 448,153 and MBs accounted for 10,767; the MB rate was 24.0% in 2006. Among 2,326 deliveries conceived by ART, multiple deliveries accounted for 786 (33.8%). The total number of live births with ART was 3,125 and 1,585 (50.7%) of them were MBs. During 2006, 14.7% of the entire MBs in Korea were associated with ART. The proportion of women of advanced maternal age was much higher in the ART group than in the total live birth group. Conclusion: MBs in women of advanced maternal age have been increasing in Korea with the use of ART. The results of this study showed that ART was a significant factor associated with the increase in MBs in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.5-21
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to grasp the consciousness of adolescents about their future in old aged housing. This research was executed with a questionnaire survey method. Data samples were collected from 255 students who finished first grade curriculum in high schools in Chonbuk province and Seoul city. The results were as followed. First, a healthcare plan was very highly recognized by students, and they wanted to live as couples or single in their old age. Second, the respondent students recognized elderly housing as a home for the aged, a silver town and nursing home. 72.1% of the respondents preferred a single detached house as an elderly house form. They preferred an elderly housing district with well provided convenient facilities for daily living. They wanted to live in the country or rest areas for the aged. They preferred an interior space composition with LDK with 2 bedrooms. 52.0% students wanted a neighborhood for their friends to live together. Third, 28.3% of the respondent students thought the appropriate time to move in elderly exclusive housing was 66-70 years old. And when their physical condition worsened or they needed care, they would. want to move into that housing. Also, they wanted the most convenient facility and a medical care facility in elderly exclusive housing. Forth, students' space design needs for elderly were high, more than 4 points. It was especially needed safety in space design, and this grade was 4.56(,53) points. Also the needs of safety and the convenient facilities.equipments were statistically significant by boys and girls.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.69-76
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose a buffering scheme to improve the performance in P2P live streaming systems by adjusting the ratio of caching and prefetching portion of each peer. To this end, we assign all the peers into many groups depending on their playback periods. We then determine the ratio of caching and prefetching portion in each peer depending on its playback time position relative to those of other peers within the same group. In other words, as the playback position of a peer gets later, we increase the ratio of its caching portion. On the contrary, as the playback position of a peer gets eariler, we increase the ratio of its prefetching portion. This can significantly increase the degree of data duplication among peers that belong to each specific group. By simulation experiments, we show that our proposed an integrated prefetching/caching scheme can improve the performance considerably in terms of jitter ratio, initial playback delay and shared buffermap ratio when compared to the existing fixed portion buffering scheme.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2011

The low caloric LNG, which didn't meet the gas interchangeability of Korea, has been imported from 2005 winter season. Amount of this LNG imports has been increased from year to year. In the near future, very low caloric LNG (calorific value ${\leq}$ 9,500 kcal/$Nm^3$) such as CBM, Shale LNG will be imported large amounts. For this reason, we need a method for monitoring live calorific values(CV) of LNG in each storage tank to supply gasified LNG with interchangeable CV at LNG receiving terminal. This study was conducted to develope the method for measuring the live CVs of LNG in each storage tank using LNG densitometer. For this purpose, the accurate correlation between CV and density of LNG was derived and the uncertainty of this method was evaluated and also the measuring system for CVs was constructed at LNG receiving terminal. To verify this method, the results of measurement using this method were compared with the field data of LNG analysis and the results showed that the deviations were 0.17~0.47%.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.63-80
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• 2015

The purpose of this study to derstand the relationship between family support and self-esteem among middle-aged Korean women immigrants in Australia with a focus on the effects of depression, which seems to likely mediate these two variables. For the purpose of this study, 147 middle-aged Korean women who live and work in Sydney, Australia, were studied. A statistical method was carried out using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and reliability analysis by using SPSS ver.18.0. To verify the hypothesis of the research model that was suggested in this study, with the structural equation, AMOS ver.7.0 program was used. The analytical results are as follows. Firstly, family support had an influence on depression and self-esteem and depression had an effect on self-esteem. Secondly, family support had an influence on self-esteem by having depression as a mediation. This outcome not only offers information on self-esteem, which is the psychological welfare of Korean middle-aged women who live in Australia, but also enhances the self-esteem of all middle-aged Koreanwomen who abroad, not just in Australia. Therefore, the study provide basic data support a program related to the welfare of immigrant women who live overseas along with policies for those immigrant women to have successful lives as immigrants. In addition to this, an exploratory research on relevant variables that influence self-esteem will have significant implications even to policies on multi-cultural families that have immigrate into South Korea.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.213-219
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• 2015

Simulation is used these days to verify the hypothesis or the new technology. In particular, National Defense Modeling & Simulation (M&S) is used to predict wartime situation and conduct the military training. National Defense M&S can be divided into three parts, live simulation, virtual simulation, and constructive simulation. Live simulation is based on the real environment, which allows more realistic sumulation; however, it has decreased budget efficiency, but reduced depictions of reality. In contrast, virtual and constructive simulations which are based on the virtual environment, have increased budget efficiency, but reduced depictions of reality. Thus, if the three parts of the M&S are combined to make the L-V-C combined environment, the disadvantages of each simulation can be complemented to increases the quality of the simulation. In this paper, a method of interworking heterogeneous simulation middeware for L-V-C combined environment is proposed, and the test results of interworking between Data Distribution Service (DDS) and High Level Architecture (HLA) are shown.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.876-888
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to compare the dietary patterns and behaviors of university students according to their type of residence. The subjects consisted of two thousand two hundred fifty students from Wonkwang University. They were divided into three groups : those who live in their family homes (393 men, 392 women) ; those who live in university dormitories (371 men, 401 women) : and those who live in houses with cooking facilities (345 men, 348 women). This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire. The nutrient intake data collected from a three-day recall were analyzed using the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program and the diet quality was estimated using the Nutrient Adequacy Ratio, Mean Adequacy Ratio and Index of Nutritional Quality. The results showed that the mean daily intakes of calcium were lower than the Korean Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA) in all groups. There was a significant difference in the nutrient intake, dietary quality and dietary behaviors of the three groups. The nutrients intake and dietary quality of the men were poorer than those of the women in all three groups. The subjects living in dormitories and houses with cooking facilities seemed to have lower levels of nutrient intake and dietary quality. However, the concern about nutrition and interest in health information was higher among those living in dormitories and houses with cooking facilities than among those living in their family homes. Male students living in houses with cooking facilities had more dietary problems than students living in their family homes or in dormitories possibly because they might have had a lower ability in meal management. These results suggest that the type of residence affects the nutrient intake levels, and dietary quality of university students in Iksan. Nutritional education is essential if university students are to practice optimal nutritional habits, including the eating of well-balanced diets and selecting of foods of high quality. Therefore, nutritional education for university students is needed so as to improve their health and a nutritional education program should be developed to meet the various needs of these students.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

The purpose of this study, analyzing the primary factors for residential mobility and housing preference of Daegu citizens, is to provide a basic data for future housing policies. The results are as follows: First, 32.1% of Daegu citizens have intention of residential mobility. Especially the residents in central (50.0%), southern (59.0%) and western Daegu showed more intention than those in other districts. Second, we used the GLMM (Generalized Linear Mixed Models) to analyze the main factors for residential mobility. The results are as follows; 1) the residents who have lower housing satisfaction with the type of housing, parking, and educational environment, 2) those who are male and younger, 3) those who live in rented house have more intention of housing mobility. Third, based on the analysis on the preference change of the type of housing, the preference of the apartments is getting higher, while that of the detached houses is getting lower (past: 40.1%${\rightarrow}$present: 54.8%${\rightarrow}$future: 66.7%). 28.8% of the respondents (444) expressed intention to live in the public rental houses, in case they are provided in the areas they are moving to. Fourth, when we analyzed the size of the houses they actually lived in and that of the houses they prefer to live in case of moving, we found that in general they tend to move in smaller housing than in the past. The results of the analysis showed that in order to minimize the possible moving away from the current residential areas due to the dissatisfaction with the housing environment, in the first place the improvement in the quality of the houses, parking and education environment is needed.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.103-114
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• 2002

Housing is a central place fur elderly and it can be influenced to the quality of life for them. Most low income elderly has much problems on their housing. It needs to be developed for more various ones which considered in the way of their economic and physical conditions. This case study was aimed to supply (or a basic data for developing a housing for tow income elderly through the analysis of elderly housing of Melbourne in Australia. This study evaluated two types of government housing and five types of community housing available to elderly People on low income allowing them to live independently. Results of the research were as follows. 1) High rise apartment living was differentiated from other housing types. Such accommodation had drawbacks, for example it made the elderly difficult to get along with neighbours. 2) Community housing had more various types of housing than government housing and was aimed at encouraging community interaction between residents. Some community housing residents joined the management of the housing committee. As a result, it made the elderly very confident and promoted a good relationship between them and young generations. 3) The strength of community housing was that the elderly could choose the place to live within the community which was familiar to them. 4) The managers in broth government housing and community housing had many roles as adviser and mediator for residents as well as managing the complex. 5) A policy of housing for low income elderly is changing now from management by government appointees to one governed by the community 6) Most elderly prefer to live close to facilities such as medical and shopping centers and convenient transportation and wished to remain in their familiar community as long as possible.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.132-144
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• 2017

The fingerprint classification of categorizing fingerprints by classes should be used in order to improve the processing speed and accuracy in a fingerprint recognition system using a large database. The fingerprint classification methods extract features from the fingerprint ridges of a fingerprint and classify the fingerprint using learning and reasoning techniques based on the classes defined according to the flow and shape of the fingerprint ridges. In earlier days, many researches have been conducted using NIST database acquired by pressing or rolling finger against a paper. However, as automated systems using live-scan scanners for fingerprint recognition have become popular, researches using fingerprint images obtained by live-scan scanners, such as fingerprint data provided by FVC, are increasing. And these days the methods of fingerprint classification using Deep Learning have proposed. In this paper, we investigate the trends of fingerprint classification technology and compare the classification performance of the technology. We desire to assist fingerprint classification research with increasing large fingerprint database in improving the performance by mentioning the necessity of fingerprint classification research with consideration for fingerprint images based on live-scan scanners and analyzing fingerprint classification using deep learning.