• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.75-93
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• 2021

By defining a travel disparity based on the degree to which travelers diversify their destinations, this paper examines how socioeconomic and spatial factors affect the travel disparity among the elderly in Seoul. This paper uses the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural experiment which can bring about different behavioral responses among the older travelers. Using the smart card data, we compare the destination diversification patterns before and after the pandemic. In the early morning(4:30-9:00), the degree of destination diversification varies between the core and the periphery and this trend persists through the pandemic. In the late morning(9:00-12:00), a new trend of disparity appeared after the pandemic. Although those who hold higher socioeconomic status and live closer to the core have a larger range of choices for destinations, the difference of range did not lead to differences in diversification before the pandemic, due to the discretionary nature of the elderly's trip. In contrast, as the elderly were forced to search alternative destinations right after the outbreak of the pandemic, the range of choices became an important factor causing observable differences in destination diversification. The findings suggest that the travel disparity observed during the pandemic is due to the difference in the range of choices by socioeconomic and spatial factors.

• Journal of Music and Human Behavior
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.67-85
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• 2021

This study reviewed the research in China on music interventions for adult brain injury patients. Eighty-three studies that met the inclusion criteria were included for analysis. Our review revealed that the number of intervention studies using music with adult brain injury patients has been on the rise since 2012, and random control research design methods have been dominant. Studies focused on the physical domain and emotional domain together were most common. Researchers in fields outside of music therapy conducted 43 of the studies, and music therapists carried out 14 of the studies as intervention providers. Most of the studies carried out by experts in fields other than music therapy used listening activities involving preexisting recorded music. However, most of the studies conducted by music therapists adopted reconstructed music and played it live during their intervention. The specificity of the described content of the interventions and level and relevance of stated rationale to the target goal of the intervention suggests that high quality of intervention was conducted with a therapist/investigator who has completed adequate professional education/training, which would emphasize the importance of music therapy professionalism. This study provides the baseline data for how music intervention research has been implemented in China and presents implications for future clinical practice and research.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.271-290
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• 2018

The study aims to analyze the effects of socio-economic deprivation on suicidal ideation. The analysis data were used as a guide for Korea Welfare Panel Study 9. the frequency analysis, mean difference analysis, correlation analysis, and logistic regression were performed by SPSS programs. The results of analysis are as follows. First, The results of frequency analysis by deprivation type showed a high frequency of deprivation in the following order. Experience of not receiving a public pension, experience of being able to work but unemployed, experience of not being able to eat a balanced diet due to financial difficulties, and experience where you had nothing to eat but no more money to buy. Second, the average difference analysis shows that when a person does not have a spouse, the lower the academic background and the income level, the higher the likelihood of suicide. Third, regression analysis shows that the following deprivation patterns have a statistically significant effect on older adults' thoughts of suicide. Experience in which the respondents or their family could not go to hospital because they had no money, experience that move house because is back rent more than 2 months or can not pay rent, experience that they could not afford to buy food and eat well-balanced meals, experience of failing to pay your bills on time, experience of being able to work but not having a job, and experience in which financial difficulties left them short of food and no money to live. Based on such research results, some policy measures, such as the expanding management of medical care benefits cases, the improvement of elderly housing, residential conditions and the diet survey for the elderly, and the expansion of measures to support elderly people's tax rates, were proposed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.330-338
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• 2019

Chronic infection with intracellular Brucella abortus (B. abortus) in livestock remains as a major problem worldwide. Thus, the search for an ideal vaccine is still ongoing. In this study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of a combination of B. abortus recombinant proteins; superoxide dismutase (rSodC), riboflavin synthase subunit beta (rRibH), nucleoside diphosphate kinase (rNdk), 50S ribosomal protein (rL7/L12) and malate dehydrogenase (rMDH), cloned and expressed into a pMal vector system and $DH5{\alpha}$, respectively, and further purified and applied intraperitoneally into BALB/c mice. After first immunization and two boosters, mice were infected intraperitoneally (IP) with $5{\times}10^4CFU$ of virulent B. abortus 544. Spleens were harvested and bacterial loads were evaluated at two weeks post-infection. Results revealed that this combination showed significant reduction in bacterial colonization in the spleen with a log protection unit of 1.31, which is comparable to the average protection conferred by the widely used live attenuated vaccine RB51. Cytokine analysis exhibited enhancement of cell-mediated immune response as IFN-${\gamma}$ is significantly elevated while IL-10, which is considered beneficial to the pathogen's survival, was reduced compared to control group. Furthermore, both titers of IgG1 and IgG2a were significantly elevated at three and four-week time points from first immunization. In summary, our in vivo data revealed that vaccination with a combination of five different proteins conferred a heightened host response to Brucella infection through cell-mediated immunity which is desirable in the control of intracellular pathogens. Thus, this combination might be considered for further improvement as a potential candidate vaccine against Brucella infection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.441-453
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• 2018

This study was conducted to understand and describe Korean nurses' perception of person-centered care for elderly patients in long-term care hospitals. Qualitative data were collected through four focus group interviews consisting of 21 nurses working in four long-term care hospitals in Jeolla and Gyeongsang provinces. Participants completed interviews from July 19 to 30, 2018. All interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by employing the thematic analysis method. Six main themes for the attributes of person-centered care for elderly patients in the long-term care hospitals were conceptualized: respecting individual needs, walking to the end, supporting hidden dreams, becoming a family partner, helping patients live like they are at home, and changing culture. Person-centered care perceived by nurses was conducted to provide individualized nursing according to elderly's preferences and help them discover the value and meaning of life through various activity programs. Nurses also recognized person-centered care to maintain cooperative relationships with their family members and share their decision-making process, as well as to form a physical environment and organizational culture that respects the rights and autonomy of the elderly. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to identify the diverse needs of the elderly and develop nursing intervention programs based on person-centered care.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.56-67
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of rosemary oil inhalation on memory, attention and autonomic nervous system according to the concentration difference in the aged. The research design was non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Participants were 89 individuals aged 65 or older who live in the community. Participants inhaled almond carrier oil(control group), 10%(experimental group A) and 100%(experimental group B) rosemary oil. Memory, attention, and autonomic nervous system responses were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS win 24.0. The differences of the group and time were analyzed through repeated measure ANOVA. There were no significant differences in immediate recall (F=.42, p =.656), delayed recall (F=.45, p=.639), recognition (F=1.45, p=.242), digit span-forward (F=1.53, p=.223), digit span-backward (F=.46, p=.636), activities of sympathetic nerve system (LF)(F=.19, p=.828), activities of parasympathetic nerve system (HF)(F=.37, p=.694), LH/HF(F=1.39, p=.256), systolic blood pressure (F=.37, p=.694), diastolic blood pressure (F=1.25, p=.291). The inhalation of 10% and 100% rosemary oil for five minutes showed no significant effects on memory, attention and automatic nervous system in the aged.

• 한국노년학
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.329-347
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to see if we can predict the health of seniors of community by analyzing the connection between social network degree and mental and physical health of old people who live in the areas of Gangwha Island. The subjects of the study were men and women aged 65 or over, a total of 643 that resided in Ganghwa A-county. The survey was conducted on Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project from the year 2011 to 2012. Regression analysis was carried out using the data. The analysis results were as follows. First, it showed the relationships between income, gender, age out of demographic variables used as control variable and old persons'physical health. The research results showed that physical health was better in case of the higher incomes, men, and lower age. Second, out of demographic variables, educational background, income, age was shown to correlate with mental health. The research results showed that mental health was better in case of the higher incomes, higher educational background, and lower age. Third, in social network including direction, both out-degree and in-degree were shown to predict old people's physical and mental health. The results of this study suggest that not only out-degree but also in-degree should be considered in predicting the health of elderly persons by a person's human relationship. Also, two indicators of degree are meaningful in the dimension of health promotion and welfare of the old in that they can be used for finding isolated individuals that can be physically and mentally vulnerable.

• Journal of the Korean Society of International Agriculture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.320-327
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to suggest the policy direction for promoting Korean grape, Shine Muscat, export to China. For this, the data were collected from 102 Chinese who live in Guangzhou province. The survey was conducted from Oct 10th to 13th 2017. PLS-SEM model is used to investigate the main factors that cause the Chinese consumers to purchase Korean grape, Shine Muscat. This study finds that the post-evaluation factor is more important to obtain final evaluation and to purchase Korean grape in the future. Thus farmers and research institutes should investigate how to improve the quality for the sweetness and the texture of the grape, reflecting the Chinese consumers' preference.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.243-259
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effect of home-based welfare facilities for older adults on the associations between the activities of daily living (ADL) / instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and the depressive symptoms among Koreans in later life. Multilevel analysis was conducted with Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging 5th data and the public report about welfare facilities from Ministry of Health and Welfare in Korea. Samples were 4,139 older adults over 65 years old. The dependent variable was depressive symptoms, and individual level independent variables were ADL and IADL. The ratio of home-based welfare facilities out of 10,000 older adults in each city and province was the moderator. As a result, the effects of ADL on depressive symptoms vary according to the proportion of elderly welfare facilities out of the old population in the community. In specific, the older adults who live in the place where the elderly welfare facility rate was higher were less affected by ADL. Also, the more IADL people had, the more depressive symptoms they had. However, the interaction effect between IADL and the proportion of home-based welfare facilities was not significant. It suggests that delivering welfare services helping ADL through the home-based welfare facilities may be useful for decreasing depressive symptoms. Moreover, considering the proportion of facilities and older population will be helpful to make the welfare facilities efficiently work.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.44-50
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• 2019

The underwater structures of landing pier are not easy to access and it is difficult to check the damage. Lately, typhoons and earthquakes have occurred frequently, which may cause damage to underwater structures of landing pier. In this study, to prevent collapse of underwater structures and to maintain systematically, the application method of FBG sensors and safety evaluation methods were studied. In order to confirm the application of the FBG sensor to the circular steel pipe used as a pile on the landing pier, we conducted laboratory tests and confirmed that the FBG sensor should be applied by welding. As a result of structural analysis of the landing pier structure, the optimal position of FBG sensor confirmed. The stresses on the dead load were calculated by structural analysis, the stresses on the live load were calculated by using the data obtained from the FBG sensor, and then the stress acting on the pile was calculated by adding the two stresses. The calculated stress was compared with the allowable stress to evaluate the safety of the pile. This study was carried out as a basic study to find a way to evaluate the safety of the landing pier in real time.