• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.421-428
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• 2015

This study was carried out to investigate the relationship between anatomical characteristics and growth rate of Quercus rubra from different origins of seed. Anatomical characteristics showed that all Quercus rubra species were ring-porous woods with 1~3 layers of large pores in earlywood, but the latewood had small pores oriented in radial direction. There were slight differences in libriform fiber length and vessel element diameter in the earlywood among different provenance origins of seeds. In growth rate, the libriform fiber length and vessel element diameter was negative correlation in the earlywood, but not correlative in the latewood, and vessel element length was not correlative in the early and latewood, Volumetric composition of libriform fiber and ray in latewood was higher than those in ear lywood, and a higher composition of vessel element was observed in earlywood. Ray height was the range of from 11 to 15 cells.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.46-53
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• 1995

The anatomy of Korean diffuse-porous woods, 36 families, 75 genera, 145 species, 215 specimens was described and analyzed. Sixteen wood anatomical characters, habit and phenology factors were determined by simple correlation and principal component analysis. Strong positive correlations were found between vessel element length and fiber length, ray width and ray height, simple pits of fiber wall and paratracheal parenchyma distribution. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) disclose the primitive characteristics and the direction of xylem evolution of Korean diffuse-porous woods. The xylem evolution scenario for Korean dicotyledonous woods is considered to be developed in the direction of decreasing trends of vessel frequency, vessel element length, and length/diameter(L/D) ratio of vessel element but increasing trends of vessel diameter, fiber length/vessel element length(F/V) ratio, libriform wood fibers, simple perforation, and homogeneous ray composition. Increase of vessel diameter and decrease of vessel frequency seem to be related to the improvement of conductive efficiency, and increase of the vessel element length and occurrence of scalariform perforation in vessel element may be related to enhanced of conductive safety. Also the libriform wood fibers and ray features appear to have relationship with mechanical support and nutrient metabolism, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 1996

The frequency distribution diagrams of Korean diffuse-porous woods, 36 families, 75 genera, 145 species, 215 specimens in relation to habit and phenology were analyzed. As the habit character changes from shrub to tree, such quantitative features as vessel frequency, percentage of solitary vessels, length/diameter(L/D) ratio of vessel element decreased but tangential vessel diameter, fiber length/vessel element length(F/V) ratio increased. Qualitative features such as helical vessel wall thickening, diffuse distribution of longitudinal parenchyma, heterogeneous ray composition decreased, while alternate intervessel pits, libriform wood fiber, simple perforations increase. As the phenology character changes from evergreen to deciduous species, such quantitative features as percentage of solitary vessels, vessel element length and L/D ratio decreased but tangential vessel diameter, F/V ratio increased. Diffuse distribution of longitudinal parenchyma, heterogeneous ray composition, and crystals in qualitative features decreased, while alternate intervessel pits, libriform wood fiber, simple perforation of vessel element, ray width and ray height increased.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.16-22
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• 2007

The behavior of ramie fibers and some wood elements in the early stage of alkali swelling was examined. When the fibers were treated with alkali solution, they significantly shrank in length and swelled in wall thickness. Ramie fibers showed a shrinkage averaging 23% in length and a swelling averaging 92% in width in 100 seconds treating time. Dimensional changes showed different fashion in each element of woods. The tracheids of latewood especially in Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi woods swelled intensively and showed balloon swelling, but in the case of Cryptomeria japonica, it was hardly observed. The swelling morphology of libriform fibers was similar to that of tracheids. The walls of vessel elements and parenchyma cells also swelled considerably in thickness but, no balloon swelling was found in both elements. The differences of swelling in different elements can be interpreted in terms of the differences of organization and/or chemical components of the cell walls.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.311-319
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• 2001

In order to evaluate taxonomic status of Latcuca hallaisanensis H. $L{\acute{e}}v$., an endemic species of the Jeju-do Island, we investigated fruit wall structure and chromosome morphology. The fruit wall structure had 10-11 obtuse costae in the transverse section. The costa was wholly occupied by libriform fiber cells, and the underlying fibersclereid tissue was only one to three cells layers thick. Also, the intercosta lacked fiber-sclereid layers. Somatic chromosome numbers and karyotype of Latcuca hallaisanensis were recorded for the first time. This diploid species (2n=10) with the same basic number of x=5 has the total chromosome length $23.3{\mu}m$ and the length of each chromosome falls in $1.9{\mu}m-2.9{\mu}m$. It possess the karyotype complement i.e., 3sm+2st and a characteristic chromosome pair (No. 1 and 2) with a secondary constriction at the distal portion of the short arms. The overall similarity in external morphology (involucre, achene etc), chromosome morphology as well as in fruit wall anatomy between Lactuca hallaisanensis and Crepidiastrum s. lat. clearly indicated that this species should be treated as Crepidiastrum, rather than Lactuca.