• 공학교육연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2018

This study aims to compare human resource development by industrial and occupational characteristics of science and engineering graduates. To achieve research objectives, this study analyzed whether differences exist in human resource development, such as participation in vocational training, wage levels, and cuture of talened person preference, by industrial and occupational characteristics. The results showed that workers in engineering fields received more benefits and support compared to those in non-science and engineering field occupations at the quantitative statistics of vocational training and wage levels. On the contrary, according to the qualitative statistics, workers of non-science and engineering field have a culture of talented person preference compared to those in science and engineering occupation.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.217-226
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• 2015

A proper development of the epididymis during the early postnatal development is required for successful fertility in the adult male. Direct cell-cell communication via connexin (Cx) molecules is a common way of cellular interactions to achieve normal development of a given tissue consisting of different cell types. The present research was attempted to determine the effect of exogenous exposure to estrogenic agonist or antiandrogen at the weaning age on expression of Cx isoforms in the adult corpus epididymis. Male rats were subcutaneously administrated with estradiol benzoate (EB) or flutamide (Flu) at the weaning age. The tissue was collected at 4 months of age. Expressional levels of Cx isoforms were determined by a quantitative real-time PCR. Statistical comparison showed significant increases of Cxs31, 32, 37, 40, and 43 transcript amounts by a treatment of $0.015{\mu}g$ of EB /kg body weight (BW). A treatment of $1.5{\mu}g$ of EB /kg BW caused a significant decrease of Cx43 gene expression but increases of Cxs26, 31, 32, 37, and 40 transcript levels. Exposure to $500{\mu}g$ of Flu/kg BW induced an increase of Cx37 expression but significant decreases of Cxs43 and 45 mRNA levels. Expression of Cx37 was increased by a treatment of 5 mg of Flu/kg BW, while transcript levels of Cxs26, 30.3, 31, 31.1, 32, and 43 were significantly decreased by same treatment. These results demonstrate that exposure to steroidal compounds at the early developmental age alters expression of Cx isoforms in the adult corpus epididymis.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2005

A company is liable for its products and has the responsibility to make good on any loss or damage incurred by the user of its product. The purpose of the Product Liability Act(PLA) is to protect consumers against damage caused by defective products, and contribute to the safety of the citizen's life and the sound development of the national economy by regulating the liability of manufacturers, etc. for damages caused by the defectiveness of their products. In this study, the cognition levels of consumers and producers for PLA were surveyed. The cognition levels of four factors of acknowledgement, comprehension, necessity and impact for PLA were assessed. The results were as follows : i) Acknowledgement and comprehension levels of consumer were assessed low but they assessed necessity and impact of PLA high; ii) Producers assessed necessity and impact of PLA higher than their acknowledgement and comprehension levels; iii) Overall cognition levels of producers were higher than those of consumers.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권11호
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• pp.1766-1775
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• 2021

Objective: The oxidative stress status and changes of chicken ovary tissue after shading were studied, to determine the mechanism of the effect of shading on follicular development. Methods: Twenty healthy laying hens (40 weeks old) with uniform body weight and the same laying rate were randomly divided into two groups (the shading group and normal light group). In the shading group, the cage was covered to reduce the light intensity inside the cage to 0 without affecting ventilation or food intake. The normal lighting group received no additional treatment. After 7 days of shading, oxidative stress related indicators and gene expression were detected. Results: Analysis of paraffin and ultrathin sections showed that apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) increased significantly after light shading. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that the levels of total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, catalase (CAT), and other substances in the sera, livers, ovaries, and follicular GCs of laying hens increased significantly after shading for 7 days; and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the livers of laying hens also increased significantly. ROS in the serum, ovarian and GCs also increased. After shading for 7 days, the levels of 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine in the sera and ovarian tissues of laying hens increased significantly. Cell counting kit-8 detection showed that the proliferation activity of GCs in layer follicles decreased after shading for 7 days; the expression level of the anti-apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma-2 in ovarian tissue and follicular GCs was significantly reduced, and the expression levels of pro-apoptotic caspase 3 (casp3), and SOD, glutathione peroxidase 2 (GPX2), and CAT were all significantly increased. Conclusion: Oxidative stress induced by shading light has a serious inhibitory effect on follicular development during reproduction in laying hens.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.65-81
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between career maturity, anxiety and school related adjustments levels of adolescents. A sample of 319 1th grade high school students in Seoul Metropolitan area participated in this study. The subjects completed questionnaires on the levels of school related adjustments, anxiety and career maturity. Data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation coefficients, as well as multiple and hierarchical regressions. Career maturity, as well as anxiety was founded to be a predictor to the school related adjustments levels of adolescents; significant interactional effects were found between career maturity and anxiety in terms of school related adjustments. These results indicate the need for possible interventions in relation to adolescents' anxiety levels and to improve the school related adjustments levels of adolescents.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1299-1303
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth performance of broilers fed different levels of Hermetia illucens powder. A total of 400 broiler chicks (1-day old Arbor Acres) were fed commercial diets containing H. illucens powder at 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% with four replicates (25 chicks per replicate), for 35 days. Weight gain in broilers fed diets containing different levels of H. illucens powder increased significantly at 28 and 35 days, compared with that of the control (p<0.05). However, feed intake and mortality showed no differences among the treatments as a function of time. At 21, 28, and 35 days, broilers fed different levels of H. illucens powder had lower feed conversion rates (p<0.05) than their counterparts fed the control diet. In conclusion, 0.5% H. illucens powder is the optimal level for improved weight gain and feed conversion.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.172-182
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• 2006

The aims of this study is to suggest how the port specialists think the priority of container feeder port development in Korea. To illustrate the ideas regarding a container feeder port development, 56 detailed attributes were identified both from the previous studies and from brainstorming port professionals. And these were grouped into 5 criteria by 'KJ method' and made into 4 levels hierarchy structure. AHP technique identifies the relative weights of each levels and trends of the preference of port specialists from 6 alternatives. As a result, a feeder port development priority in Korea has been proposed.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare stress levels of middle school students by grade. Methods: This was a descriptive comparative survey using as convenience sample of 701 1st, 2nd and 3rd-grade students. The stress levels was measured by stress scale that consisted of 65 items regarding personal characters family, school, and peer factors. The data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 statistical program. Results: 1st graders and female students showed higher stress levels than 2nd, 3rd graders and male students, respectively. Conclusion: Grade, gender, life satisfaction, and regional levels were all significant factors associated with high stress levels among middle school students. Development of stress management program for this specific population, especially targeting students who are 1st Grader and living in rural areas, is needed.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.131-136
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• 2001

초파리 발생과정에서 세포사멸에 관여하는 유전자인 reaper(rpr), grim, dcp-1, diap1, diap1, diap2의 발현양상을 경제적 RT-PCR 방법으로 분석하였다. 세포사멸 유도 유전자인 rpr, grim의 발현양상은 발생단계에 따른 ecdysone titer 변화 양상과 매우 유사하였다. Effector caspase인 dcp-1 전사체는 초기 배와 암컷 성체에서 높은 발현을 보였다. 반면에 세포사멸 억제인자인 diap1과 diap2 전사체는 세포사멸 유도 인자인 rpr과 girm 전사체와 서로 상반적인 양상으로 발현되었다. 또한, 유주 3령 유충의 발생단계 별로 침샘조직과 성체원기조직에서 rpr, diap2, dcp-1의 전사체의 양적 변동을 분석하였다. rpr, diap2의 전사체양은 두 조직에서 서로 상반적으로 변화하였다. 이 결과는 정상 발생과정에서 세포죽음 관련유전자들의 발현이 ecdysone 신호에 의해 조절됨을 암시해 주었다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.94-108
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• 2008

이 연구는 국가직무능력표준 개발에서 기초적으로 검토가 되어야 하는 직무체계 중 환경분야 직무체계 개발에 목적이 있다. 세부적인 연구목적은 환경분야의 직무분류와 직무수준을 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 이 연구는 산업현장에서 통용되는 용어를 중심으로 직무분류를 수행하였으며, 각각의 직무는 배타적으로 설계하였습니다. 직무분류시 전문가 집중토의를 통하여 세부직무를 분류하였습니다. 이러한 분류결과를 살펴보면 환경 분야의 직무군은 크게 대분류 3개, 중분류는 12개, 이들 중분류를 다시 분류하면 총 41개의 직무가 환경분야에서 요구되는 직무로서 도출되었다. 환경분야 직무수준은 해당 직무군 및 직무분야에서 전문 인력의 가치를 창출하기 위해 필요한 전문성 정도를 고려하였다. 이에 따라 환경분야의 전문분야별 직무수준을 반영하여 6단계로 구분하였다. 또한 환경 분야의 고유한 특성을 고려하여 크게 '환경계획 및 평가'와 '환경 측정 분석', '환경관리', '환경설계 시공', '환경보건관리', '환경자원관리', '환경경영 및 컨설팅', '환경교육'으로 구분하여 직무수준을 설정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 하여 환경 분야 현장전문가 및 학계 전문가 등으로 구성된 전문가 협의회를 통하여 각 직무별 정의와 직무별 수준별 수행기준을 도출하였다.