• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.158-163
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• 2008

The MB-OFDM based UWB communication system is a personal area network specification aiming to provide 480Mbps peak data rate over 528 MHz spectrum. As the corresponding baseband modem operates at high clock rate, its complexity should be optimized for low power consumption. A set of modem design parameters is suggested including the AD bit width, the clipping level and the quantization level at the Viterbi decoder input as well as the trace-back depth of the Viterbi decoder. The data throughput is used to evaluate the performance of the receiver and a recommended set of design parameter values is presented to aid efficient modem implementation.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.233-241
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• 1998

In order to test of intermediate disturbance hypothesis that an intermediate level of disturbance maximize biodiversity and to elucidate the effect of disturbance during the early old-field succession, the response of plant community along an experimental disturbance gradient was investigated in a five-year old-field. Response of plant community along an experimental disturbance gradient was connected with light condition because artificial disturbance gradient had been treat by clipping of plants and removing of litter. Artificial disturbance in five-year old-field plant community retarded rate of succession by increasing invasion and performance of the earlier successional species in the initial and middle stage of disturbance treatment. The species richness in the blocks of intermediate disturbance level showed the peak in early and mid-summer. This result did correspond with the prediction of intermediate disturbance hypothesis.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.9
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• pp.1491-1501
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a method to measure respiration rate by dividing the respiration related region in depth image using level set method. In the conventional method, the respiration related region was separated using the pre-defined region designated by the user. We separate the respiration related region using level set method combining shape prior knowledge. Median filter and clipping are performed as a preprocessing method for noise reduction in the depth image. As a feasibility test, respiration activity was recorded using depth camera in various environments with arm movements or body movements during breathing. Respiration activity was also measured simultaneously using a chest belt to verify the accuracy of calculated respiration rate. Experimental results show that our proposed method shows good performance for respiration rate estimation in various situation compared with the conventional method.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.62-71
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• 2018

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of liquid fertilizer containing humate (LFH) on changes of turfgrass quality and growth by investigating visual quality, chlorophyll content, dry weight of clipping, and nutrient content in leaves tissue. Treatments were designed as follows; control fertilizer (CF), HF-1 ($CF+1.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$), HF-2 ($CF+2.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$), and HF-3 ($CF+4.0mL\;m^{-2}\;LFH$). As compared with CF, soil chemical properties of LFH treatments were not significantly. Visual quality and root dry weight of LFH treatments were higher than that of CF. Chlorophyll content, clipping yield and nitrogen uptake of HF-2 and HF-3 were increased 11.2-11.8%, 15.3-30.0%, 22-42% by application of LFH. The LFH level was positively correlated with visual quality, chlorophyll content, clipping yield or nutrient uptake amount. These results indicated that the application of LFH improved the growth and quality of creeping bentgrass by increasing nutrient uptake and by prompting root growth.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.217-222
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• 2011

Professional turfgrass applicators have reduced or eliminated phosphorus from their fertilization programs based on the assumption that soil phosphorus levels are supplying adequate amounts of phosphorus to the turfgrass. The previous researchers found that there were no P effects for turfgrass growth especially for mature turf. No effects may result from high P level in heavy thatch layer. The research was conducted for one year to investigate the effects of phosphorus fertilization programs on turfgrass performance, and monitor soil and plant tissue nutrient levels to determine the impact of the programs on a newly seeded Kentucky bluegrass. The nitrogen treatments were 20, 30 and $40g\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. The low, medium, and high nitrogen treatments were applied over 2, 4 and 6 applications, respectively. Nitrogen was applied using a formulation containing 30% of slow and 70% of fast release nitrogen sources that are representative of typical home lawn fertilizers. The phosphorus treatments were 0, 10 and $20g\;m^{-2}\;yr^{-1}$. Phosphorus was applied according to the application schedule for the nitrogen treatments. Kentucky bluegrass was seeded in May, 2010. The thickness of thatch layer was less than 1 cm and the first treatment was applied to Kentucky bluegrass in April, 2011. The low N rate treatment had acceptable color and quality ratings without high clipping yields. The high N rate treatment consistently had the highest color and quality ratings but also had very high clipping yields in comparison to the low and medium N rate treatments. Although there are significant differences in tissue P, Overall, there was no effect of phosphorus on color, quality, or clipping weights.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.169-179
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• 2001

This study was conducted to determine the effect of root zone cooling on growth and quality of turfgrasses including Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.‘Nuglade’), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.‘Accent’), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.‘Pixie’), and Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) in simulated athletic field during summer season in Korea. Mineral contents in clippings of turfgrasses grown at different soil mixtures and temperatures were also analyzed. Root zone cooling (approximately 4~6$^{\circ}C$ lower than that of untreated-control) resulted in good uniformity, little disease incidence and higher level of chlorophyll contents in cool-season turfgrasses. The effectiveness of root zone cooling in protecting disease incidence from high temperature stress was the most manifest in perennial ryegrass compared to others. Fresh clipping weight in treatment of root zone cooling was increased approximately 2 times in Kentucky bluegrass and perennial ryegrass, and 2.5 times in tall fescue compared to those of control. There was higher growth rate in a soil mixture composed of 80% peat moss ＋10% sand ＋10% soil (v/v/v) than in that of 80% pea moss ＋20% sand (v/v), Mineral contents of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in clippings of three species of cool-season turfgrasses were significantly increased in treat-ment of root zone cooling but this was not found in Japanese lawngrass. Results showed that root zone cooling has a benefit in keeping good quality and growth of cool-season turfgrasses in sports field under supraoptimal ambient temperature during summer season.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.32 no.12C
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• pp.1175-1187
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• 2007

This paper proposes a novel crest factor reduction (CFR) algorithm to be deployed on WCDMA basestation. Generally speaking, it is well described that the reduction of peak-to-average ratio (PAR) yields the possibility of using low cost power amplifier such that the basesation becomes economic However, the simple reduction of PAR could degrade the signal quality measured by either peak code domain error (PCDE) or error vector measurement (EVM), and the level of channel interference constrained by adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR). Regarding these imperfections, this paper introduces an effective CFR algorithm in which the function of filter-dependent CFR (FDCFR) incorporated with the histogram-based waterfilling code domain compensation (HBWCDC) carries out. To verify the performance of the proposed CFR technique, substantial simulations including comparative works are conducted with obeying W-CDMA basestation verification specification. To exploit the superiority, the performance of the proposed method is tentatively compared with that associated to the simple memoryless clipping method and the memory-required filter-dependent clipping method.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.309-320
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• 1993

Guinea pigs were cutaneously inoculated with Trichophyton verrucosum var album, that is a common causative fungus of dermatophytosis in cattle. The developmental process of lesions, clinical and histopathological changes and reisolations of the fungi were studied to evaluate the pathogenicity of Trichophyton verrucosum var album in guinea pigs. Results obtained through the experiments were summarized as follows : 1. The incidence of infection of the clipping group was 13(86%) of 15 animals, and that of the plucking group was 14(93%) of 15 animals. In both of the clipping and plucking groups, visible cutaneoas lesions were developed between 4 and 7 days post inoculation(p.i.). The spreading and the climax stages persisted for 4 to 11 and 6 to 12 days, respectively. 2. In macroscopic observations, formation of various degree of erythemas and scales over the inoculated skin sites were observed in the spreading stage. In the climax stage, exudative changes and dark red crusts were formed as typical circular lesions. In the healing stage, the lesions revealed shedding of crust, alopecia and hair regrowth. 3. In histopathological observations, infiltration of inflammatory cells, hyperplasia, microabscesses and keratinous-hyaloid materials of epidermis were observed in the spreading stage. Hyphal invasion was primarily observed at the level of epidermis and pilosebaceous ducts. In the climax stage, the infected epidermis was thick with severe hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and acanthosis. The microabscesses with fungal hyphae, folliculitis and hyperplasia of external root sheath were observed in the dermis. The fungal hyphae were observed only in the tissues of hair follicles, that were internal root sheath, cuticle, the keratinized portions of cortex and medulla 4. In reisolation of the inoculated fungus, all trials for ten animals showed positive cultures until 25 days p.i.. Afterward, the reisolation rates were gradually decreased, showing all negative after 40 days p.i..

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 1994

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer level on forage yield and feed value, and to clarify the optimum nitrogen fertilizer level of rye in middle west area when cultured in paddy field. The field experiment treated 5 levels of nitrogen fertilization was carried out at Yesan from Oct. 1990 to June 1991. The fresh and dry weight increased with increased nitrogen fertilizer level by 30kg /10a, but dry matter ratio decreased. The ratio of leaf blade and leaf sheath in rye plant increased with increased nitrogen fertilizer level, but the ratio of stem and inflorescence decreased. The content and yield per unit area for protein, total digestible nutrient(TDN). Minerals, and energy increased with increased nitrogen fertilizer level, while acid detergent fiber(ADF) and neutral detergent fiber(NDF) decreased. The ratio of available protein among crude protein became higher with increased nitrogen fertilizer level. The optimum clipping time for net energy gain(NEG) and net energy maintenance(NEM) were 10 days earlier than milk stage for conventional items including TDN and proteins.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.595-597
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• 1999

기존의 LOD 제어방법들은 랜더링속도를 성공적으로 증가시켜왔으나 오버헤드가 크다는 단점을 갖고 있다. 이러한 오버헤드는 각 vertex마다 view-frustum clipping, back-face culling, 스크린 공간 기하학적 오차계산과 같은 view-dependent refinement criteria를 측정하고, 메쉬의 LOD를 바꾸기 위해서 edge collapse/vertex split를 수행하기 때문이다. 제안하는 방법은 메쉬를 여러 개의 region들로 나누고 vertex가 아닌 region에 대해 view-dependent refinement criteria를 측정하므로 오버헤드가 훨씬 작다. 또한 각 region 들의 LOD가 바뀔 때 미리 만들어 둔 LOD 버전들중에서 하나를 선택하기만 하면 되므로, edge collapse/vertex split을 수행하는 오버헤드는 없다. 실험적으로 제안하는 LOD 제어방법은 기존의 방법들보다 작은 메모리를 사용하고 LOD 제어 오버헤드도 적으며, LOD 제어를 하지 않은 경우보다 2배-5배의 랜더링 속도향상을 얻었다.