• Macromolecular Research
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.110-114
• /
• 2003

When using the dipping method for crystal formation, mono-layered colloidal crystal structures depend upon the lift-up rate of a glass substrate. The mono-layered colloidal crystals showed the highest quality when the glass substrate was raised at a rate of 3 mm/min at 25 $^{\circ}C$ in a 1 wt% polystyrene colloidal suspension (ethanol medium). In addition, in order to obtain multiple-layered colloidal crystals, an external electric Held was introduced. Multiple-layered colloidal crystals were successfully obtained via this method. The colloidal particles were well ordered over large areas and assembled into a homogeneous structure.

• 전산구조공학
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 1994

지하구조물의 주위지반은 일반적으로 퇴적층의 형성 또는 지각의 변동에 의해 다층구조를 가지게 되므로, 구조물 및 주위지반의 거동을 정확히 예측하기 위해서는 해석에 다층구조의 영향을 반영해야 한다. 본 연구에서는 다층으로 구성된 지하구조계를 대상으로 하여 구조물과 그 주변에는 비선형 유한요소를 사용하고, 비선형성이 상대적으로 미약한 주변 다층지반에는 선형 경계요소를 사용하여 재료의 비선형성과 비균질성을 고려한 효율적인 조합해석방법을 개발하고자 한다. 반무한영역에 설정되는 다층구조계를 경계요소로 해석할 경우 그 기본해가 제한되어 있으므로, 본 연구에서는 기존의 무한기본해를 이용하는 방법을 사용하였다. 무한기본해를 이용하는 내부영역문제의 경우 각각의 균질한 층을 부영역(subdomain)으로 분할하고 계방정식을 구성한 뒤에 접합면에 대하여 평형조건과 적합조건을 만족시켜 주는 방법을 사용하여 비균질성을 고려한다. 부영역으로 층을 분할한 내부영역문제의 경계요소해석 결과는 선형 유한요소해석 결과와 비교하여 검증하였고, 검증된 경계요소 프로그램을 비선형 유한요소 프로그램과 조합하였다. 조합해석 결과, 굴착부 주변의 응력집 중부에는 비선형 유한요소를 사용하고, 비선형의 영향이 미소한 주변의 다층지반에 대해서는 부영역에 의한 선형 경계요소를 사용하는 조합해석방법이 합리적이고 효율적임을 알 수 있었다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제65권6호
• /
• pp.645-656
• /
• 2018

Importance of procuring adequate knowledge about the mechanical behavior of double-layered graphene sheets (DLGSs) incensed the authors to investigate wave propagation responses of mentioned element while rested on a visco-Pasternak medium under hygro-thermal loading. A nonlocal strain gradient theory (NSGT) is exploited to present a more reliable size-dependent mechanical analysis by capturing both softening and hardening effects of small scale. Furthermore, in the framework of a classical plate theory the kinematic relations are developed. Incorporating kinematic relations with the definition of Hamilton's principle, the Euler-Lagrange equations of each of the layers are derived separately. Afterwards, combining Euler-Lagrange equations with those of the NSGT the nonlocal governing equations are written in terms of displacement fields. Interaction of the each of the graphene sheets with another one is regarded by the means of vdW model. Then, a widespread analytical solution is employed to solve the derived equations and obtain wave frequency values. Subsequently, influence of each participant variable containing nonlocal parameter, length scale parameter, foundation parameters, temperature gradient and moisture concentration is studied by plotting various figures.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제68권1호
• /
• pp.103-119
• /
• 2018

In the present research, an attempt is made to obtain a semi analytical solution for both nonlinear natural frequency and forced vibration of embedded functionally graded double layered nanoplates with all edges simply supported based on nonlocal strain gradient elasticity theory. The interaction of van der Waals forces between adjacent layers is included. For modeling surrounding elastic medium, the nonlinear Winkler-Pasternak foundation model is employed. The governing partial differential equations have been derived based on the Mindlin plate theory utilizing the von Karman strain-displacement relations. Subsequently, using the Galerkin method, the governing equations sets are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The semi analytical solution of the nonlinear natural frequencies using the homotopy analysis method and the exact solution of the nonlinear forced vibration through the Harmonic Balance method are then established. The results show that the length scale parameters give nonlinearity of the hardening type in frequency response curve and the increase in material length scale parameter causes to increase in maximum response amplitude, whereas the increase in nonlocal parameter causes to decrease in maximum response amplitude. Increasing the material length scale parameter increases the width of unstable region in the frequency response curve.

• 물과 미래
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.56-60
• /
• 1975

Traditional descriptions of water movement in soils and of calculations of infiltration rates neglect the air movement and its compressibility. The movement of two fluids in the bounded layered porous medium is treated analytically and computer simulations are conducted for given boundary conditions and initial saturation profiles. The movement of a given saturation across the interface between the different soil layers is theoretically developed by considering the conservation of mass. It is shown that the existence of the interface affects the infiltration rate when the average total velocity is greater than zero. The transition from one layer to another layer cause a change in the capillary drive and consequently influences the infiltration rate.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.257-266
• /
• 1999

In this paper, a spline-type divided-difference interpolation technique is proposed to efficiently evaluate the impedance matrix elements in the MoM analysis of layered medium problems. This method is combined with the fast computational method of the basis-expanded and tested dyadic Green's functions (expressed in the spectral domain integrals) in a recent literature. For the sake of its validity, the proposed method is applied to analyze the characteristics of a microstrip gap discontinuity, a microstrip filter, and an aperture coupled patch antenna. Numerical results obtained by this approach are in good agreement with those of other approaches.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.25-39
• /
• 2018

In this paper, an integrated analysis model for evaluating the underwater acoustic performance of the multilayered acoustic coatings containing visco-elastic composite layers with hollow glass microspheres is described. The model uses the effective medium theory considering the acoustic scattering and resonance effects of the inclusions. Also, the model incorporates the compressive deformation mechanism associated with hydrostatic pressure. The technique developed in this work was used as the acoustic layer design and performance analysis tools for the practical hull coatings and acoustic baffles in Korean next generation submarines.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제66권1호
• /
• pp.113-124
• /
• 2018

In the present paper, we have considered a layered medium of two semi-infinite nonlocal elastic solids with intermediate transversely isotropic magnetothermoelastic solid. The intermediate slab is of uniform thickness with the effects of two temperature, rotation and Hall current and with and without energy dissipation. A plane longitudinal or transverse wave propagating through one of the nonlocal elastic solid half spaces, is made incident upon transversely isotropic slab and it results into various reflected and refracted waves. The amplitude ratios of various reflected and refracted waves are obtained by using appropriate boundary conditions. The effect of nonlocal parameter on the variation of various amplitude ratios with angle of incidence are depicted graphically. Some cases of interest are also deduced.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지진공학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.345-350
• /
• 2006

If a structure is founded on the ground saturated with pore water, then the ground should be modeled as a saturated two-phase porous medium for accurate earthquake response analysis. In this study, a 3-dimensional transmitting boundary is developed for modeling of far field using u-U formulation for water-saturated transversely isotropic layered stratum. The developed transmitting boundary is verified by comparing the dynamic stiffness of rigid square foundation on water-saturated isotropic layered stratum with the case of using equivalent single-phase medium model.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.257-266
• /
• 1999

This paper presents a method of seismic analysis for a cylindrical liquid storage structure on/in horizontally layered half.space considering the effects of the interior fluid and exterior soil medium in the frequency domain. To capture the essence of fluid-structure-soil interaction effects effectively, a mixed finite element with two-field (u, p) approximation is employed to model the compressive inviscid fluid, while the structure and soil medium are presented by the 3-D axisymmetric finite elements and dynamic infinite elements. The present FE-based method can be applied to the system with complex geometry of fluid region as well as with inhomogeneous near-field soil medium, since it can directly model both the fluid and the soil. For the purpose of verification, dominant peak frequencies in transfer functions for horizontal motions of cylindrical fluid storage tanks with rigid massless foundation on a homogeneous viscoelastic half.space are compared with those by two different added mass approaches for the fluid motion. The comparison indicates that the Present FE-based methodology gives accurate solution for the fluid-structure-soil interaction problem. Finally, as a demonstration of versatility of the present study, a seismic analysis for a real-scale LNG storage tank embedded in layered half.space is carried out, and its member forces along the height of the structure are compared with those by an added mass approach developed by the present writers.