• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.188-191
• /
• 2000

In thyroid and parathyroid surgery, damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN) is the most common iatrogenic cause of vocal cord paralysis. Identification and preservation of the BLNs and meticulous technique can siginificantly decrease the incidence of this complication. We experienced one case of NRRLN in a patient with the parathyroid adenoma. During the dissection, there was no branch to be considered as RLN in tracheoesophageal groove. While searching for the RLN, We found a white structure coursing horizontally at the level of cricoid cartilage directly arising from the vagus nerve in the carotid sheath. That structure was nonrecurrent recurrent laryngeal nerve(NRRLN) and NRRLNs are exceedingly rare. Awareness of the possibility of NRRLN will prevent the surgeon from accidentally severing one if it is encountered during surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.188-192
• /
• 2002

Unilateral vocal cord palsy which is associated with laryngeal trauma is not uncommon event. In a 42-year-old male, a cricoid cartilage fracure had been developed after blunt trauma. The endoscopic findings showed contusion and diffuse swelling around the left arytenoid and false cord. During phonation, the mobility of left side true vocal cord was decreased. There were no level difference and displacement of the left side arytenoid. We used the laryngeal electromyography (LEMG) to make a differential diagnosis between the cricoarytenoid joint dislocation and the injury of recurrent laryngeal nerve. At the right thyroarytenoid muscle and cricothyroid muscle, the findings of LEMG were normal. But the amplitude and frequency during phonation were decreased (partial denervation) at the left thyroarytenoid muscle. LEMG is a very useful method to predict the diagnosis of vocal cord palsy.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.51-54
• /
• 2007

Laryngeal trauma is an uncommon injury but can be life-threatening event. So, early diagnosis is important for appropriate surgical management and better outcome. Because there have been some controversies about Initial airway management, appropriate diagnostic evaluation, operative indication and timing, operative technique, it is difficult to make a common management pathway in laryngeal trauma. A case of laryngeal trauma with thyroid cartilage and hyoid bone fracture is presented with a brief review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.69-74
• /
• 1995

The anatomic course of recurrent laryngeal nerve, its branch and its function were most significant for laryngeal, thyroid and tracheoesophageal surgery. Furthermore, the vocal cord palsy resulting from multi-etiology was serious complication and resulted in affecting the life quality. So, for the prevention of this complication, the concepts and knowledge about anatomic course and variants are very important. At now, most of anatomic courses and it's function has been identified precisely. But recently, the report about the anastomotic loops of both recurrent laryngeal nerve was published. In this study, we explored three cadevors for identifying the reality of the anastomotic loops between recurrent laryngeal nerves. Finally, we identified the cervicomediastinal anastomosis at tracheoesophageal groove in 2 of 3 cadevors that was confirmed by pathologic finding. This anatomic reliefs related to it's branch are extremely interest, although research is still in its initial phase. Our study will be extended toward histomorphometrical study and progressive electrophysiologic study, and we will be able io gather the largest amount of useful data regarding any possible use of this anatomic entity in future.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.79-83
• /
• 2010

As bolus enters the pharynx during the swallow, laryngeal closure takes place by approximating the epiglottis to the arytenoid Laryngeal Closure Duration(LCD) is the duration of contact between the arytenoids and the epiglottis from the first contact to the last(Logemann et al, 2000). Epiglottic inversion continues pharyngeal swallow stage is completed in order to protect the airway. The purpose of this study is to measure layrngeal closure duration (LCD) in three groups of subjects: a) 10 stroke patients who aspirate before and during the swallow(aspirators), b) 10 stroke patients who do not aspirate during the swallow c)10 normal control subjects. Means and standard deviation of LCD was analyzed in both 5ml and 10 ml thin liquids using 100msec timer in videoflouroscopic swallowing examination. The mean for each group was 0.15 seconds shorter from aspirators to control group. There was a significant difference between aspirators and normal subjects for laryngeal closure duration during the swallow. Laryngeal closure duration after a stroke lead to aspiration. However, only one of this temporal problem may not be enough to aspiration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2013

Laser laryngeal microsurgery is currently the primary method of treatment of various laryngeal diseases. The development of laryngeal microsurgery came from the introduction of a small spot $CO_2$ laser micromanipulator and more precise microlaryngeal instruments. $CO_2$ laser laryngeal microsurgery has enabled very precise surgery because it has small focus size and hemostatic effect. There are some limitations to the use of the $CO_2$ Laser such as adjacent tissue damage and vocal fold scarring. These problems can be minimized through understanding the mechanisms by which lasers function and correctly manipulating the parameters under a surgeon's control. We should also recognize the safety of $CO_2$ laser for the surgeon to precisely perform the procedure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.47-50
• /
• 2013

Background and Objectives:The purpose of this study is to find features in acoustics and to learn useful features of parameters in order to distinguish laryngeal diseases through many acoustic variables. Materials and Methods:The subjects of this study were 125-male patients who had been diagnosed with vocal nodule, vocal polyp, vocal cyst, Reinke's edema, leukoplakia. To research the features of each disease in acoustics, they are measured 34 parameters by using MDVP. Results:It is clear that in order to see a meaning result when distinguishing laryngeal diseases, $F_0$, $MF_0$, $T_0$, Fhi, Flo, PER variables are significant (p<.05). It means that variables related to fundamental frequency are important to anticipate which group will be diagnosed with Reinke's edema and leukoplakia. vAm had an effect on getting a significant result in terms of amplitude perturbation parameters, which is useful to distinguish between laryngeal polyp/cyst and other laryngeal disease (p<.05). ATRI made a significant result in related to tremor parameters, which is useful to distinguish between laryngeal polyp and other laryngeal disease (p<.05). Conclusion:$F_0$, $MF_0$, $T_0$, Fhi, Flo, PER, vAm, ATRI might be meaningful parameters distinguishing pathologic from benign laryngeal diseases. Especially, the vAm and ATRI are an important factor when forecasting which group would be diagnosed with vocal polyp.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.32 no.10
• /
• pp.1344-1354
• /
• 2022

Laryngeal cancer is one of the highest incidence, most prevalently diagnosed head and neck cancers, making it critically necessary to probe effective targets for laryngeal cancer treatment. Here, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect gene expression levels in laryngeal cancer cell lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and subcellular fractionation assays were used to detect the subcellular location. Functional assays encompassing Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), transwell and wound healing assays were performed to examine the effects of target genes on cell proliferation and migration in laryngeal cancer. The in vivo effects were proved by animal experiments. RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pulldown and luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the underlying regulatory mechanisms. The results showed that KIF26B antisense RNA 1 (KIF26B-AS1) propels cell proliferation and migration in laryngeal cancer and regulates the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway. KIF26B-AS1 also recruits FUS to stabilize TLR4 mRNA, consequently activating the TLR4 signaling pathway. Furthermore, KIF26B-AS1 plays an oncogenic role in laryngeal cancer via upregulating TLR4 expression as well as the FUS/TLR4 pathway axis, findings which offer novel insight for targeted therapies in the treatment of laryngeal cancer patients.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 2007

Myxoma is an uncertain mesenchymal cell origin, characterized by irregular round, stellate or spindle cells surrounded by the matrix containing abundant mucoid material and scant vascularity. Their occurrence in descending order of frequency is in the heart, subcutaneous tissue, bone and genitourinary tract. In the head and neck region, the most predilection sites are mandible and maxilla(more than 80%). Laryngeal myxoma is extremely rare：only 5 cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a rare case of laryngeal myxoma. A 60-year-old man with hoarseness visited the out-patient department. The mass was located between the vocal fold and the vocal ligament, filling with the left laryngeal ventricle. We planned the laryngo-microsurgery and successfully excised using $CO_2$ laser. The histopathologic finding revealed the myxoma. After 18 months of surgery, there is no evidence of recurrence and mucosal scarring in the vocal fold. This report is the first case of laryngeal myxoma involving the laryngeal ventricle and the true vocal cord together.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.157-168
• /
• 2008

Vocal polyp is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by voice therapy and/or laryngeal microsurgery. However, the existing therapeutic methods about vocal polyp are in great demand. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vocal improvement between laryngeal microsurgery and $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ (Seong-Tae Kim's Multiple Voice Therapy Technique), which was designed by the author. We identified 37 patients, who were diagnosed with unilateral vocal polyp, aged from 21 to 62 years(mean age: 46 years). 21 patients were treated by the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ and the other 16 patients were only treated by the laryngeal microsurgery. All patients who were treated by the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$, received 12 sessions of treatment, and were evaluated before therapy and after finishing the 12th session. The patients who were treated by laryngeal microsurgery, were evaluated prior to and at least 8 weeks after surgery. The results showed that the $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ produced better results compared to the laryngeal microsurgery alone. The $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ produced better results, especially, at the initial stage of voice therapy compared with those of laryngeal microsurgery. In this study, we can suggest that $SKMVTT^{(R)}$ may be useful in improving the voice qualities of vocal polyp patients. However, more data should be collected and evaluated to be widely used in other clinics.