• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.233-242
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• 2015

Purpose: This was a correlational study to identify effects of perception of clinical ladder system on job satisfaction and intention to leave in perioperative nurses. Methods: Participants were 154 of perioperative nurses from larger general hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected from April, 16 to 22, 2013 using self-report questionnaires which included items on perception of clinical ladder system, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Data were analyzed using frequency, t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression. Results: The average mean score for perception of clinical ladder system was midline at 2.69 point out of 4 point. Perception of clinical ladder system correlated positively with job satisfaction (r=.38, p<.01) and negatively with intention to leave (r=-.88, p<.01). Perception of clinical ladder system was the factor which most influenced job satisfaction explaining 17.1% of the variance, also perception of clinical ladder system was the factor which most influenced intention to leave, explaining 12.7% of the variance. Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that there is a need to enhance the perception of the clinical ladder system and to find ways to fulfill the expected effects for improving perioperative nurses' job satisfaction and reducing the intention to leave.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.630-632
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• 2003

In this paper, we present the fabrication and performance of FBAR filters with ladder and stacked crystal filter (SCF) types. The structure of the unit resonator in our work is the solidly mounted resonator (SMR) with W/SiO$_2$ multi-layer reflectors, the return loss of of which show -24dB at resonant frequency of -2.0GHz. The $K^2$eff, Q$_{s}$, and Q$_{p}$, indicating the performance of resonator were 3.24%, 6,363 and 6,749 and were calculated for the resonator with the resonance area of 21200${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$. Based on this unit resonator, FBAR filters with ladder and SCF types were fabricated and compared. The sizes of filters were 800$\times$2000(${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$) for the ladder type and 600$\times$500(${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$^2$) for the SCF type.e..

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2014

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to assess the efficacy and usefulness of the career ladder program in a hospital and to evaluate nurses' satisfaction with the program. Methods: The study was conducted using a survey consisting of 14 questions on the appropriateness, necessity and usefulness of the career ladder program. The data were gathered from 403 nurses in a hospital. We assessed differences in responses according to the participants' workplace, age, educational background, marital status, experience (total years and years at current working place). We analyzed the data using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: Nurses acknowledged that the career ladder program is necessary and profitable within the nursing field, but they worried about the appropriateness of the nurse's role at each career level and rationality of the portfolio. The study also identified nurses' characteristics that were significant factors in explaining nurses' satisfaction with the career ladder program. Finally, we identified complaints and improvements for the program. Conclusion: We assessed differences in attitude towards the career ladder program according to nurses' characteristics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.64-72
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• 2020

In this study, a stability analysis was conducted through finite element analysis (FEA) of a simplified model of a fire ladder truck by changing the ascending angle, turning angle, and boundary conditions between the outrigger and the ground. The results of the analysis showed that decreasing the angle of the ladder car increases the moment due to the ladder weight, decreasing the safety factor despite being under the same load conditions. In the case of a rotating radius, the stability was found to vary depending on the boundary conditions. A comparative analysis in the future with these results and the experimental values from the actual fire ladder truck may determine the most appropriate boundary conditions based on the analysis program. It is expected to predict the risk of damage and rollover by assessing the stability of aerial ladder vehicles under different conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.36-42
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• 2021

Portable ladders are widely used as ascend and descend pathways and platforms for works at height at residential and industrial sites. In the last 10 years, 267 fatalities and 36,571 accidents related to portable ladders have been reported, suggesting a need to develop countermeasures to prevent such accidents. In this study, an in-depth focus group interview (FGI) was conducted with various stakeholders of portable ladders to survey the current usage and requirements for improving work safety. A new portable ladder called active platform ladder was developed based on the requirements suggested by the FGI. A stability test confirmed that the developed ladder is more stable than conventional ones, suggesting that it can reduce the fall accidents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.501-512
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was done to develop a nursing competency scale according to a clinical ladder system for intensive care nurses. Methods: Index of content validation was done by 20 clinical experts and 80 nurses in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Results: The process and results of study are as follows. First, 12 nursing competencies were used in the establishment of the clinical ladder system (Jang, 2000). Second, the first draft of the competency lists was developed. It was based on the clinical nurses' behavioral indicators of nursing competency by Jang (2000), and was modified and supplemented through various literature reviews including competency standards for specialist intensive care nurses in Australia and consultation with 2 clinical nurses with over 10 years experience in the ICU. Third, the draft was examined by 20 clinical experts for content validity. Finally, the final draft was analysed using clinical validity where 20 nurses in each ladder participated. The final number of items was fixed at 309. Conclusion: The tool represents expected nursing competency of nurses working in ICU. Intensive care nurses can recognize their strengths and weaknesses, and identify directions for their professional growth by analysing results of their competency evaluation using this tool.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.301-314
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• 2011

Purpose: This study was a methodological research conducted to develop a clinical ladder system for operating nurses. Methods: Participants were 20 OR nurses, working in C Hospital, who had a mean tenure of 6 years and 10 months. Data collection consisted of 4 focus group interviews during May and June 2009. The content analysis method of Kim and Lee (1986) was used to analyze the data. Two clinical expert groups consisting of 16 nurses verified the content validity of the preliminary system from September 16 to 26, 2009 using Kim's tool (1999). Results: The final clinical ladder system consisted of goals, core values, and 4 domains of practice related to core values, which were defined as professional value, perioperative nursing practice, education/research, and collaboration/leadership. Eleven nursing competencies and 44 behavior indicators were included in accordance with the 4-step ladder. The 4 operation systems for the clinical ladder system were the promotion system, continuous learning system, reward system, and support system. Conclusion: The results indicate that nursing managers need to pay more attention to developing a clinical ladder system for nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2021

The leading source of occupational fatalities is a portable ladder in Korea because it is widely used in industry as work platform. In order to reduce victims, it is necessary to establish preventive measures for the accidents caused by portable ladder. Therefore, this study statistically analyzed injury death by portable ladder for recent 10 years to investigate the accident characteristics. Next, to monitor wearing of safety helmet in real-time while working on a portable ladder, this study developed an object detection model based on the You Only Look Once(YOLO) architecture, which can accurately detect objects within a reasonable time. The model was trained on 6,023 images with/without ladders and safety helmets. The performance of the proposed detection model was 0.795 for F1 score and 0.843 for mean average precision. In addition, the proposed model processed at least 25 frames per second which make the model suitable for real-time application.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-281
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• 2013

In this paper, we explore the possibility that ladder diagram games can be used for the introduction of the function and composite function. A ladder diagram with at most one rung is a bijection. Thus a ladder diagram with r rungs is the composition of r one-to-one correspondence. In this paper, we use ladder diagrams to give simple proofs of some fundamental facts about one-to-one correspondence. Also, we suggest Story-telling for introduction of function in middle school and high school. The ladder diagram approach to one-to-one correspondence not only grabs our students' attention, but also facilitates their understanding of the concept of functions.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2022

The Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries promoted the installation of eel-ladder for the purpose of creating inland water resources. Currently, eel-ladder have been installed and operated at the Geumgang Estuary Bank (2018), Yeongam Embankment (2019), and Asanman Embankment (2020). In this study, the number of glass eels in eel-ladder in 2021 was monitored and factors affecting the rise that from ocean to river of eels were investigated. Glass eels in eel-ladder were found when the salinity was relatively low, and they started when the freshwater and seawater temperatures were above 20℃. Comparing the number of occurrences by year, the largest number of glass eels was observed in 2021, but it is judged that this is not according to the distribution of glass eels in sea, but rather as a result of the investigator's eel-ladder repair and guidance on illegal fishing.