• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.264-276
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to propose HACCP system implementation properly and to secure the food safety of school foodservices in Pohang city since the proper facilities and equipment should be key factors in food safety and production. So this study was designed to evaluate existing equipment in food production area, receiving and dining area, and employee facilities. Questionnaire was mailed to 107 school foodservice dietitians in Pohang area and 97 were responded (90.7% response rate). Approximately sixty percent of foodservices were not available separate receiving or polluted area, fifty one percent were installed screen door for insecticidal and temperature and humidity control, and these environmental conditions were hard to keep kitchen dry and sanitary condition. Usually public schools were better equipped than private schools. Forty three percent of school foodservice had initial use of non-foodservice, opened before 1994, and thirty three percent of elementary school foodservice. Among employee facilities, hand washing sanitation stand was prepared seventy nine percent (78.9%) of school foodservices. Dietitians chose outworn equipment and facilities (30.9%), difficulties of maintaining standard temperature and humidity for foodservice (20.6%), lacking separate receiving or polluted area (13.4%), indirect contamination of water hoss (10.3%), and lacking employee facilities (10.3%) as critical points to correct in school foodservice. Therefore governmental regulating agencies must review and approval of plans prior to new construction or extensive remodeling of school foodservice facilities. In addition to these requirement, plan must be set-up step by step to implement HACCP system properly.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.87-104
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• 2013

본 연구는 특급호텔 뷔페레스토랑 주방 조직의 서비스지향성이 종업원의 직무만족과 조직성과에 미치는 영향관계를 실증적으로 검증하여 주방종사자의 효과적인 관리에 대한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 조직의 서비스지향성(서비스리더십, 서비스시스템, 인적자원관리, 서비스 접점)과 종업원의 직무만족 및 영업장의 조직성과에 대한 개념과 이론적 배경을 중심으로 각각의 구성개념에 대한 요인을 도출하여 영향관계를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 서비스지향성의 서비스리더십과 서비스시스템이 종업원의 직무만족에 미치나 영업장의 조직성과에는 직접적이지 않고, 대신 인적자원관리가 조직성과에 직접적이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 종업원의 만족이 조직성과에 직접적인 관계에 있기 때문에 서비스지향성을 향상시키면서 종업원의 직무만족을 향상시키기 위해서는 서비스리더십과 서비스시스템이 우선되어야 한다고 할 수 있다. 그리고 서비스지향성을 향상시키면서 직접적인 레스토랑의 조직성과를 도출하기 위해서는 인적자원관리에 의한 서비스훈련과 서비스보상이 효과적이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구 결과는 조직의 서비스 지향성이 서비스기업의 우수한 고객가치를 창조하는 요소로 인식되고 있는 가운데, 서비스지향성의 관리적 방향성을 제안하였다는데 의의가 있다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.13-36
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to understand how the employee satisfaction effect to their turnover trends through the survey on the employee satisfaction and the turnover trend in the pastry and bakery department on the objection of the employee of the bakers of the luxurious hotels in Seoul area. The study was selected to study the luxurious hotels located in Seoul area and make the objection of the employee in the pastry and bakery kitchen. As the contents of the assumption of the study, the independent variable was ' the pastry and bakery employee's organizational factor ', and the dependant variables were ' job satisfaction of the pastry and bakery employee ', ' turnover trends of the pastry and bakery employee ' and implicates the comparison and the mutual relationship between variables to shows the confirmation of them. As the measurement tools, it adopted the reliability analysis, the technical statistics analysis, the frequency analysis, cross-section analysis and on the verification of the assumption, it was used linear regression analysis. The result of the study showed that the satisfaction degree toward the work schedule showed to be as the personal elements while the systematic organizational establishment and the management policy, the work capacity and the job placement, the cooperation with other parts and the operation of the work time showed to be as the organizational elements. The job satisfaction elements showed as the satisfaction on the system and the rule of the job, the satisfaction on the right and belonging, the satisfaction on the achievement and the communication. As regarded to the job turnover, the turnover intention concerned the opportunity, disappointment of assignment, general complaint, and work condition. Those were shown to be elements of the job satisfaction and the turnover of the employee. And also, that were necessary to manage the job satisfaction and the turnover of the employee concerning these factors.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.363-371
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• 2015

This study investigated the effect and interrelationship of evaluation system in employee's job satisfaction at deluxe hotel kitchen in the Seoul area. The questionnaires developed for this study were distributed to 400 chefs during June to August, 2012. A total of 364 questionnaires were used for analysis (91.0%) and the statistical analysis was completed using PASW (SPSS) 18. The status of operating menu evaluation and menu development was analyzed by dividing the questionnaires into three categories: 'menu idea', 'menu evaluator' and 'menu evaluation system'. The 'menu idea' category showed the highest concern for 'Is the selected idea differentiated from competitors' menu?' (3.10 Likert scale), the 'menu evaluator' category showed the highest concern for 'Do the evaluator's individual factors affect menu evaluation?' ($3.88{\pm}0.96$), and the 'menu evaluation system' showed the highest concern for 'Is the menu commercialized by the menu evaluation system?' (3.32 Likert scale). Overall job satisfaction was studied into three categories: 'human field', 'material field' and 'evaluation field'. Overall satisfaction about one's job was 3.24 Likert scale. For satisfaction in each category, satisfaction for 'human field' was the highest with 3.30 Likert scale compared to 'material field' and 'evaluation field' with 2.76 Likert scale and 3.27 Likert scale, respectively. In conclusion, establishment of a unified evaluation system to improve employee's job satisfaction related to menu development is needed.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.25-48
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• 2001

Since 1998 IMF economic crisis, hotel companys have made an operation innovation in generally to reinforce a competitive power. Never ther less, a structural depression with high expense of costs-low degree of efficiency and high price of commodities-low degree of growth during the last few years. And hotel companys were doing endeavor for conquer this depression with reshuffle of the personnal system and that systematizing an enterprise and production control. Hotel has more increase personnel expenses percents than increase sold price percents so that hotel reducing cook and as result, hotel has a problem from production selling of foodservice because that is insufficient of cook man power. On studying this research, an importancy of cusine department in inquire hotel and an efficiency man power control of cusine department influence on hotel marketing were made use of analysis for hotel kitchen management. The result of this study is like that. First, the quality of a hotel employee is directly related to that of hotel service, which is functioned as a principle factor on which success or failure of tie hotel very largely depends, Second, fair evaluation of merits. Third, cognition for job as expert. Fourth, the roles and competences of the employees were affected much by the inner or outer environmental changes surrounding the hotel enterprises. Fifth, do not underestimate an intelligent ability and will power of employee, and hotel company have to manage that the employees consult themselves about their things of department and improve with the master sense for job. Sixth, pay increase and intensive system. This system can raise the will to achievement for employee's job, and company can get many benefits from government. Seventh, the employees should be encouraged to have memberships of academic organizations, to actively participate in academic meetings, workshops, conferences, and forums in the area of job performance.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제23권3호통권99호
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• pp.401-408
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the impacts of brand and organizational identification on job satisfaction among kitchen and F & B employees of deluxe hotels. Questionnaires were distributed to 460 employees in the food and beverage departments of 11 deluxe hotels in Seoul. A total of 398 questionnaires were used for analysis (86.5%). Statistical analyses were completed using SPSS Win (12.0) to perform descriptive analysis, reliability analysis, t-tests and ANOVA. The results of the study showed that brand identification was higher with F & B employees than kitchen employees (p<0.01), and was also higher for employees of international brand hotels than local brand hotels (p<0.05). Further analyses revealed that brand identification affected organizational identification, and both types of identification, especially brand identification, had strong impacts on job satisfaction. In conclusion, employee brand identification should be recognized as one of the most important factors of human resource management in the foodservice industry.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.38-58
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to show how to increase customers' satisfaction of the food service enterprise by examining degree of customers' satisfaction with food quality on the basis of the responses of cooks in top-level hotels in Seoul and their customers. The results of this study shows that cooks of hotels who were more satisfied with their jobs work better and cook better foods than cooks who were not satisfied with their jobs. Thu, food quality of hotels whose cooks were more satisfied with their jobs was better evaluated by their customers.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2001

This study was performed to describe the overall sanitation of baking utensils and equipments, employees, and environment in 9 bakeries. Microbiological tests on employees, utensils and equipments, were done according to standard procedure and included total plate count, coliforms, fungi and Staphylococcus aureus.. Microbiological testing is a value in determining hazards for developing a HACCP plan but were not detected throat and employee's hands before use. Staphylococcus aureus was detected nasal cavity and employees's hands after use. Employee's apron after use was detected fungi and coliform and was risk factor of cross-contamination to bread or cookies et al. Generally hygienic conditions of pan, kitchen board, knife, brush, and wooden scoop were worse than those of other baking utensils such as tray, bread tweezers, dusting brush and dish cloth. And refrigerator, freezer and fermentation chamber were detected fungi and coliforms. Total plate count of heating table, working table, distribution table, washbowl and refrigerator was increased in 2nd period. Temperature of refrigerator was 10.43$^{\circ}C$ and strict temperature control of refrigerations needs. Therefore, baking utensils and equipments were reguraly need to sterilize and clean. Additionary, it need to practice the effective sanitation education and training program for the bakery managers and employees.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1998

서울 시내 산업체 단체 급식소 3곳에서 이용되는 플라스틱 용기, 행주, 도마, 식칼의 미생물 검사결과는 다음과 같았다. 플라스틱 용기의 표준 평판균수는 3곳 모두 1$\times$$10^{*}$ 5 (CFU/100 $cm^2$)으로 높게 나타났고, 대장균군 수는 두 급식소는 양호하나 한 급식소에서 2$\times$$10^1$(CFU/100$cm^2$)으로 높게 나타났다 전자현미경 관찰 결과 구균, 간균 형태의 박테리아가 많이 관찰되었다 행주의 경우는 표준 평판균수는 1$\times$$10^3$-1 $\times$$10^{*}$ 5 (CFU/100 $cm^2$)으로 3곳 모두 높게 나타났고, 대장균군 수는 한곳을 제외한 두곳에서 4$\times$$10^1$-6$\times$$10^1$(CFU/100 $cm^2$)으로 높게 나타났다. 식칼의 표준 평판균수는 1$\times$$10^3$-l$\times$$10^{*}$ 5 (CFU/300$cm^2$)으로 3곳 모두 높게 나타났고, 대장균군 수는 한곳을 제외한 두곳에서 2$\times$$10^1$-3$\times$$10^1$(CFU/100 $cm^2$)으로 높게 나타났다. 도마는 표준 평판균수가 1$\times$$10^{*}$ 5 (CFU/100 $cm^2$)으로 3곳 모두 높게 나타났고 대장균군 수는 한곳을 제외한 두곳에서 4$\times$$10^1$-9)$\times$$10^1$(CFU/100 $m^2$)으로 높게 나타나 기구류의 보다 철저한 위생관리가 요구되어졌다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2010

본 연구는 서부경남지역에 소재하는 대학 내 급식소에 대하여 미생물학적 안전성 평가를 실시하고, 안전성 확보를 위한 미생물학적 정보를 제공하기 위해 수행되었다. 본 연구를 위하여 서부경남지역에 소재하는 대학 내 급식소 4곳을 대상으로 2006년부터 2008년까지 하절기와 동절기로 구분하여 개인위생, 음용수, 조리된 음식 및 조리도구와 관련된 항목들에 대하여 위생지표세균과 병원성 미생물에 대한 미생물학적 위해 분석을 실시하였다. 원료와의 접촉 빈도가 높은 칼, 도마 및 행주 등의 조리도구와 조리종사자의 손에 대하여 일반세균과 대장균군이 각각 1.1~5.5와 1.3~5.3 log CFU/($100\;cm^2$, hand)으로 높게 검출되었고, 조리된 음식과 음용수에서도 일반세균과 대장균군이 각각 0.8~6.4와 1.3~5.0 log CFU/(g, mL)으로 비교적 높은 오염도를 나타내어 조리과정 중의 교차오염의 발생이 우려되었다. 또한 병원성 미생물 중 S. aureus가 조리종사자의 손과 조리된 음식에서 각각 2.8~3.0과 2.0~2.3 log CFU/(hand, g)로 비교적 높은 수준으로 검출되어 조리과정 중 개인위생불량으로 인한 교차오염 발생 가능성이 높은 것으로 확인되었고, E. coli와 Salmonella spp.는 모든 시료에서 검출되지 않았다. 따라서 대학 내 급식소의 안전성을 확보하기 위해서는 농산물우수관리제도(GAP) 등에 의해 생산된 안전한 원료를 위해요소중점관리제도(HACCP system) 매뉴얼에 적용하여 운영될 수 있도록 널리 보급하고, 조리종사자에 대한 철저한 개인위생관리와 주기적인 위생교육을 실시함으로써 원료 입고에서 배식까지의 모든 과정에 대한 위해요소를 사전에 차단 할 수 있을 것이라고 판단된다.