• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2006

80-nm self-aligned n-and p-channel I-MOS devices were demonstrated by using a novel fabrication method featuring double sidewall spacer, elevated drain structure and RTA process. The fabricated devices showed a normal transistor operation with extremely small subthreshold swing less than 12.2 mV/dec at room temperature. The n- and p-channel I-MOS devices had an ON/OFF current of 394.1/0.3 ${\mu}A$ and 355.4/8.9 ${\mu}A$ per ${\mu}m$, respectively. We also investigated some critical issues in device design such as the junction depth of the source extension region and the substrate doping concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2002.12a
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• pp.174-175
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• 2002

A ramp-type tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) junction having structure NiO(60 nm)/pinned Co(10 nm)MiO(60 nm)/barrier SrTiO$_3$(2-10 nm)/free NiFe(10 nm) with the 15 degree slope was investigated. We obtained nonlinear I(V) characteristics for ramp-type tunneling junctions that have distinctive difference with and without applied magnetic field. In the barrier SrTiO$_3$ thickness of 4 nm, the TMR was about 52% at a bias voltage of 50 mV. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.116-119
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• 1999

This paper presents a feeder waveguide array of slot array antennas for Direct Broadcasting from Satellite(DBS). The feed structure consists of a single waveguide placed on the same layer as radiating waveguide and is characterized by the unit divider, called a $\pi$-Junction. This K-function with an inductive wall splits part of the power into two branch waveguide through one coupling window, and can excite densely arrayed waveguide at equal phase and amplitude. The power dividing characteristics of a cascade of $\pi$ -functions are analyzed by Galerkin's method of moments. From the optimum simulation results based on the feeder waveguide using $\pi$ -Junction at 3.95GHz, we obtained the scattering matrices of the feeder divided power at 11.85CHz.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.501-504
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• 2014

This paper was developed and described core-process to implement low on resistance which was the most important characteristics of SJ (super junction) MOSFET. Firstly, using process-simulation, SJ MOSFET optimal structure was set and developed its process flow chart by repeated simulation. Following process flow, gate level process was performed. And source and drain level process was similar to genral planar MOSFET, so the process was the same as the general planar MOSFET. And then to develop deep trench process which was main process of the whole process, after finishing photo mask process, we developed deep trench process. We expected that developed process was necessary to develop SJ MOSFET for automobile semiconductor.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.99-101
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• 2012

Fluorescent yield X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy is useful for analyzing local structure of specific elements in matrices. We developed an XAFS apparatus with a 100-pixel superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) detector array with a high sensitivity and a high resolution for light-element dopants in wide-gap semiconductors. An STJ detector has a pixel size of $100{\mu}m$ square, and an asymmetric layer structure of Nb(300 nm)-Al(70 nm)/AlOx/Al(70 nm)-Nb(50 nm). The 100-pixel STJ array has an effective area of $1mm^2$. The XAFS apparatus with the STJ array detector was installed in BL-11A of High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Photon Factory (KEK PF). Fluorescent X-ray spectrum for boron nitride showed that the average energy resolution of the 100-pixels is 12 eV in full width half maximum for the N-K line, and The C-K and N-K lines are separated without peak tail overlap. We analyzed the N dopant atoms implanted into 4H-SiC substrates at a dose of 300 ppm in a 200 nm-thick surface layer. From a comparison between measured X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectra and ab initio FEFF calculations, it has been revealed that the N atoms substitute for the C site of the SiC lattice.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.16 no.6 s.97
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• pp.594-602
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• 2005

In this paper, a new type of 5-pole low pass filter(LPF) having defected ground structure(DGS) and very wide transmission line elements is proposed. The previously presented design method of 3-stage LPF using DGS is generalized to design N-pole LPFs for $N\geq5$. As an example, a 5-pole LPF having DGS is designed and measured. The accurate curve-fitting method to determine the series inductors in the prototype filter, and ultimately the size of DGS is described. The proposed 5-pole LPF has transmission line elements with a very low impedance to realize the required shunt capacitance instead of open stubs. Therefore, open stub. Therefore, open stub, Tee-junction, Cross-junction, and high impedance line are not required for the proposed LPF, while they all have been essential in conventional LPFs.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of tooth structure crazing when pinhole were drilled in dentin at various distances from the dentionenamel junction, and when pins were inserted by hand wrench and Auto-klutch handpiece. Sixty freshly extracted teeth were embedded in blocks of cold-curing acrylic resin to a level 1mm apical to the cementoenamel junction, the crown of the teeth were removed to a level 1.5mm coronal to the cementoenamel junction. After being sectioned, the cut surface of the teeth were smoothed, and they were divided into 4 groups. Group I : 4 pinholes were drilled with self-threading Minim spiral drill and pins were inserted with hand wrench in fifteen teeth. Group II : 4 pinholes were drilled with self-threading Minim spiral drill and pins were inserted with Auto-klutch handpiece in fifteen teeth. Group III : 4 pinholes were drilled with self-threading Regular spiral drill and pins were inserted with hand wrench in fifteen teeth. Group IV : 4 pinholes were drilled with self-threading Regular spiral drill and pins were inserted with Auto-klutch handpiece in fifteen teeth. The cut surface were then examined microscopically for the presence or absence of craze line. The results were as follows: 1. The self-threading Minim pin groups (Group I & II) produced less craze lines than did the self-threading Regular pin groups (Group III & IV). 2. In the self-threading Minim pin groups, there was more craze lines with hand wrench (Group I) than with Auto-klutch handpiece (Group 11). 3. In the self-threading Regular pin groups, there was more craze lines with hand wrench (Group III) than with Auto-klutch handpiece (Group IV). 4. Placement of the pinhole at 0.0mm from the dentionenamel junction produced more craze lines than placed at 0.5mm, 1.0mm (p<0.05), however there was no statistically significant between the 0.5mm and 1.0mm distance.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.spc1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2006

Interfacial atomic structure (chemical structure) of a Pd/ZnO hetero junction was investigated by atomic resolution high voltage transmission electron microscopy (ARHVTEM). A misfit dislocation did not work as a stress accommodation mechanism in the ZnO(0001)/Pd (111) interface. But the periodic stress localization occurred in the ZnO($10\bar{1}0$)/(200) interface. The periodicity of the local strain coincided with that of misfit dislocation. Atomic structure image of the ARHVTEM showed that an atomic arrangement across the interface was in the order of O-Zn-Pd. It was shown that mechanical weakness of the ZnO(0001)/Pd(111) interface against cyclic heating is attributable to the absence of the periodic stress localization of the misfit dislocation.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.209-217
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• 2014

It is very important to classify a lot of table-form documents into the same type of classes or to extract information filled in the template automatically. For these, it is necessary to accurately analyze table-form structure. This paper proposes an algorithm to extract corner points based on line edge segments and to classify the type of junction from table-form images. The algorithm preprocesses image through binarization, skew correction, deletion of isolated small area of black color because that they are probably generated by noises.. And then, it processes detections of edge block, line edges from a edge block, corner points. The extracted corner points are classified as 9 types of junction based on the combination of horizontal/vertical line edge segments in a block. The proposed method is applied to the several unconstraint document images such as tax form, transaction receipt, ordinary document containing tables, etc. The experimental results show that the performance of point detection is over 99%. Considering that almost corner points make a correspondence pair in the table, the information of type of corner and width of line may be useful to analyse the structure of table-form document.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.143-154
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• 2013

PURPOSES: Design of approach roads of rest areas in highway has many drawbacks such as geometric design elements. There has been traffic accidents occured in these approach roads of rest areas. Thus, design criteria is required in order to protect accidents from being occurred. In case of Korea, geometric structure design criteria of entry facilities, such as toll-gate, interchange, junction etc was established. However there are no presence in a detailed standards for geometric structure of the rest area which affiliated road facilities. METHODS: In this study, analytic on accidents was carried out in regards to the entry of geometric structure of resting areas by utilizing a sight survey and an investigation research of traffic accidents. The survey was targeting 135 general service areas. Collisions with physical channelization and safety facilities occurred due to speeding, rapid entry, and etc at the entrance nose section. At the entrance connector roads, accidents caused by speeding, negligence, over-operation of handle of drivers were main reason of accidents. Discriminant analysis were conducted about geometric elements to distinguish influencing factors for traffic accidents. the lengths and access angles of the entrance connector roads were regarded as to have the high relation with traffic accidents. RESULTS: After classifying the design section of resting areas' entry as well as derive design elements on each section, a speed measurement by targeting entry of rest areas and car behavior surveys were performed, then each element's minimum standard was derived through the analyses. According to the speeds at the starting/end point of entrance connector road, the range of the junction setting angle of the entrance connector road is defined as $12^{\circ}{\sim}17^{\circ}$ and the connector length model was suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Suggest improvement plans for existing rest areas that can be applied realistically. This should be corresponded to the standards of entry and exit of developed rest areas.