• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.531-536
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• 2004

In-arm type hydropeumatic suspension unit(ISU) is an equipment of armed tracked vehicle to absorb impact load and vibration from the irregular ground. During the operation of ISU, main piston moves forward and backward and oil flowing through damper transmits the external impact load to floating piston. Heat is generated in ISU by the oil pressure drop through the damper orifice and the friction between cylinder wall and two pistons. On the other hand, internal heat dissipatis outside via heat convection. Occurrence of high temperature can deteriorate durability of major components and basic function of ISU. And, it can cause fatal problem in the ISU life time and the sealing performance of piston rings. As well, the spring constant change of nitrogen gas that is caused by the temperature rise exerts the negative effect to the vehicle stability. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the heat transfer analysis of the entire ISU unit, by finite element method, with the outside flow velocities 8m/s and 10m/s.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.119-128
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• 2010

Gaecheonjeol is the National Foundation day of Korea when people hold a harvest ceremony. Nowadays, two representative harvest ceremonies of Korea are performed at Mt. Mari (摩利山) and Mt. Taebaek (太白山) on Gaecheonjeol (October 3rd). We study 28 flags with constellations appearing in the ceremony of Mt. Taebaek. These flags are lying in the outer of the circular stone wall during the ceremony. They represent an oriental heavenly star chart. We examine the shape, the connecting-pattern, the name, and the number of constellations drawn in the flags, and find several errors, such as, a wrong position, a typo of name, an irregular size, an omission, and so forth. Traditionally, the 28 oriental constellations are usually divided into four groups and each group has its own colour for each direction: Blue (E), Black (N), White (W), and Red (S). For the constellation flags in Mt. Taebaek, the colour of the flags is painted based on geographical directions, but the constellations are arranged followed by the direction of the celestial sphere. Thus, constellations in the northern and southern parts are counterchanged. Finally, we suggest some possible criteria for constellation map of the flags in this paper. CheonSangYeolChaBunYaJiDo (天象列次分野之圖) and CheonMunRyuCho (天文類抄) can be essential references for correcting constellations drawn in the flags of Mt. Taebaek.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.338-342
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• 2015

A 12-year-old castrated male miniature Schnauzer had anorexia, vomiting, lethargy, and fever for four days. The dog had leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, hypoglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, hyperbilirubinemia, increased hepatic enzymes on hematologic and biochemical examinations. On abdominal ultrasonographs, there was an enlarged gallbladder with hyperechoic irregular wall thickening. Echocardiography showed vegetative change and regurgitation of aortic and mitral valves. E.coli was identified through ultrasound guided percutaneous cholecystocentesis and bile culture. Bacterial cholecystitis and concurrent endocarditis were diagnosed. The dog was recovered from sepsis with antibacterial and aggressive supportive therapy.

• Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.241-247
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• 2018

Treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms weather by surgery, or endovascular embolization has a risk of visual loss due to optic neuropathy, or diplopia due to cranial nerve palsies. Visual complications occur immediately after the clipping, whereas they can occur variable time after endovascular coiling. Recently, endovascular coiling for paraclinoid aneurysm is regarded as a safe and feasible treatment. But it still has risks of acute thromboembolic complication, or cranial nerve palsies. A 45-year-old woman was referred from local hospital to our hospital due to ruptured large ICA dorsal wall aneurysm. A total of 12 coils (195 cm) were used for obliteration of aneurysm. Postoperative diffusion weighted image showed no abnormal signal intensity lesion and magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated no sign of vasospasm, or vessel narrowing. But, she complained visual problem 23 days after coil embolization. Ophthalmologist confirmed the left optic disc atrophy on fundoscopy. Although steroid was started, but monocular blindness did not recover completely. The endovascular embolization of paraclinoid aneurysm, especially projecting superiorly with large irregular shape, has the risk of progressive visual loss because of the proximity to optic nerve.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.43.1-43.9
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• 2020

A variety of therapeutic modalities can be used for the endodontic treatment of a traumatized tooth with internal root resorption (IRR). The authors present a case report of the successful restoration of a traumatized upper central incisor that was weakened due to severe IRR and subsequent periapical lesion formation. A 20-year-old female patient was referred to our clinic with severe internal resorption and subsequent periapical pathosis destroying the buccal bone wall. Root canal treatment had been initiated previously at another dental practice, but at that time, the patient's condition could not be managed even with several treatments. After cone-beam computed tomography imaging and proper chemomechanical cleaning, the tooth was managed with a mineral trioxide aggregate plug followed by root canal filling using short fiber-reinforced composite, known as the Bioblock technique. This report is the first documentation of the use of the Bioblock technique in the restoration of a traumatized tooth. The Bioblock technique appears to be ideal for restoring wide irregular root canals, as in cases of severe internal resorption, because it can uniquely fill out the hollow irregularities of the canal. However, further long-term clinical investigations are required to provide additional information about this new technique.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.83 no.6
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• pp.1406-1411
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• 2022

Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the kidney is an extremely rare cystic malignant tumor with a poor prognosis that occurs in the pelvicalyceal system. Pre-opeartive diagnosis is very difficult because the tumor's clinical and imaging features are nonspecific. Here we report a case of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma arising from the horseshoe kidney in a 69-year-old male, focusing on CT findings. The tumor was a complex cystic mass with irregular wall thickening, multifocal calcifications, and septa and progressed to pseudomyxoma peritonei postoperatively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.191-195
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• 2012

This research aims at examining the amount of scattered radiation generated during irradiation by adhering structures with different sizes of aluminum prominence and depression to the inside of a radiotherapy room. The irregular aluminum structures were stuck to the wall of a radiotherapy room, and the scattered radiation generated during irradiation was measured. The sizes of the aluminum prominence and depression were $1.5{\times}1.5$, $3{\times}3$, and $5{\times}5\;cm^2$ with the width of 60 cm and the height of 60 cm. The distance between TLD and the wall of the radiotherapy room to measure scattered radiation was 310 cm, and the used radiation energy was 6 MV and 15 MV generated from a linear accelerator. The research result showed that the irradiation amount at 6 MV was 100, and at 300 cGy the scattered radiation decreased by the installation of the structure with aluminum prominence and depression, but at 200 cGy, only the scattered radiation of the uneven structure of $5{\times}5\;cm^2$ decreased. At 15 MV, the irradiation amount was 200 cGy, and at 300 cGy, the scattered radiation was reduced when the rugged aluminum structure was set up, but at 100 cGy, similar result values were produced regardless of the uneven structure. Consequently, installation of an additional structure with aluminum prominence and depression in the present interior structure can decreased the stochastic effect of the scattered radiation generated from the wall of a radiotherapy room and patients.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2015

The histological structure of the heart in Pseudorasbora parva was investigated by light microscope. The heart consisted of four consecutive chambers, the sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle and bulbus arteriosus. The wall of the sinus venosus was divided into endocardium, myocardium and epicardium, and the walls of the atrium and ventricle were divided into endocardium, subendocardium, myocardium, subepicardium and epicardium, and the wall of the bulbus arteriosus was divided into endocardium, subendocardium (ridge tissue), middle layer, subepicardium and epicardium. The valves were observed in the sinoatrial, artrioventricular and bulboventricular junctions. The sinus venosus wall was mostly made up of collagen. The rings of tissue were observed at the sinoatrial junction. The atrium was composed of a spongy trabeculate myocardium surrounded by an external rim of thin myocardium, and collagens were distributed in the subepicardium and trabeculae. The ventricle was a spongy myocardium with vessels in subepicardium. In the subepicardium and trabeculae of the ventricle, collagens were distributed. In the bulbus arteriosus, the diameter and length of the ridges were differed. The endocardial cells were convex and the non-clustered subendocardial cells showed irregular shapes. The cells of the middle layer were arranged into incomplete layers that showed different orientations. The subepicardium was formed by cells of different morphology. Collagens and elastins were demonstrated in the subendocardium, middle layer and subepicardium of the bulbus arteriosus. The epicardium was a single layer composed of flattened cells.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.203-221
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• 1994

Pollen grains of 19 taxa belonging to 12 genera in 5.families of the Korean gymnosperms were investigated by LM, SEM and TEM, and their morphological characters were described and palynological keys were made for each family. From the taxonomic viewpoint, palynological characters are very available to intergeneric and intrageneric classifications since their distinctive differences in pollen shape, size, condition of surface, sculpture pattern and presence of air bladders and projection except for the intrageneric classification of the genus Pinus since the overlapped characters such as pollen size and sculpture pattern. Pollen grains of Picea koraiensis in the family Pinaceae are distinguished from thc genera Pinus and Abies for the reasons that shape of air bladders are irregular, air bladders are bigger than pollen body, and pollen wall is thin. Compared with the genera Abies and Pinus that have air bladders, Picea koraiensis is closely related to Abies in that pollen body wall become gradually thin from pole of proximal face to air bladder, surface of pollen body is not rough, and pollen size is similar to that of the genus Abies. The presence of ektexine and enexine in proximal face, and the connections of the former to air bladder wall and the latter to distal face were elucidated by the investigation of pollen grains with air bladders through TEM. Endexine of the families of Taxaceae, Taxodiaceae and Cupressaceae was also obse-rved as a pile of laminae. From the observation by SEM, sculpture pattern of air bladder was foveolate with fine pits on surface. Sculpture pattern of air bladder is reticulate under LM, but observed by TEM, it resulted from the transmission of netted structure in air bladder.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.130-145
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• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this work is the approaching of properties-flavours theory and the making of morphological standard in Artemisiae herba. Methods : The properties-flavours theory were attempted with bibliographic method and various climate-information. The external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Conclusions : The following is a list the conclusion of the approaching of properties-flavours theory and how to make the standard of morphological standard in artemisiae herba. 1. The significant analysis for the artemisiae herba as the properties-flavours theory, is a follow-up survey of the effect written in the official oriental medicine book 2. The other analytic methods according to the gathering time, processing or storing system or especially nature or growth environment(altitude, temperature,. the mean moisture, and the agronomical survey) by way of the explanation of properties-flavours theory appears so many insufficiency at the many cases. 3. In the case of artemisiae herba., there are 2 cases(Artemisia capillaris $T_{HUNB}$ and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$) in current and recently A. aruwa L. is substituted for artemisiae herba in circulation. 4. The external and internal characteristics according to the shape of original plant or herbal states, entirely correspond to all the official oriental medicine boo 5. According to the place of productiot the difference appeals. (1) A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. has leaves like a fine thread, and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$ has big and wide leaves, and shows some reddish color, and A. aruwa L. has narrow leaves, its section lines long vertically. (2) In the internal shapes, as the A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. leaves', upper epidermal cell wall shows relatively straight form, its all upper- lower epidemical cell wall has a stoma, and calcium rosette crystal is relatively few. As iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$, all upper- lower epidermal cell wall is wavelike concave, and hypodermics has many stoma and many calcium rosette crystal. (3) In the internal shapes of A. aruwa L. the shape of leaves' epidermal cell is irregular and has so many non-glandular hair nad glandular hair on its surface.