• Advances in nano research
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2016

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (Nps), composed of magnetite, $Fe_3O_4$, or maghemite, ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$, core and biocompatible polymer shell, such as dextran or chitozan, have recently found wide applications in magnetic resonance imaging, contrast enhancement and hyperthermia therapy. For different diagnostic and therapeutic applications, current attempt is focusing on the synthesis and biomedical applications of various ferrite Nps, such as $CoFe_2O_4$ and $MnFe_2O_4$, differing from iron oxide Nps in charge, surface chemistry and magnetic properties. This study is focused on the synthesis of manganese ferrite, $MnFe_2O_4$, Nps by most commonly used chemical way pursuing better control of their size, purity and magnetic properties. Co-precipitation syntheses were performed using aqueous alkaline solutions of Mn(II) and Fe(III) salts and NaOH within a wide pH range using various hydrothermal treatment regimes. Different additives, such as citric acid, cysteine, glicine, polyetylene glycol, triethanolamine, chitosan, etc., were tested on purpose to obtain good yield of pure phase and monodispersed Nps with average size of ${\leq}20nm$. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), $M\ddot{o}ssbauer$ spectroscopy down to cryogenic temperatures, magnetic measurements and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry were employed in this study.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2008

본 연구는 대기중에서 안정한 나노크기 영가철을 제조한 후 그 특성을 평가하기 위해 수행되었다. XRD, XPS 분석을 통해 인위적으로 4, 8, 12 mL/min 유량의 공기 접촉을 통해 형성된 shell의 두께는 5 nm로 모두 유사한 것으로 확인되었고, shell의 성분은 magnetite(${Fe_3}{O_4}$), maghemite(${\gamma}-{Fe_2}{O_3}$)가 주성분임을 확인할 수 있었다. 4, 8, 12 mL/min의 접촉 공기 유량에 따른 shell의 명확한 성분 및 두께 변화는 확인할 수 없었다. 반면 대기 중에서 공기와 급속으로 접촉시킨 나노크기 영가철의 경우는 TEM 분석 결과 shell 층이 확인되지 않았다. 4, 8, 12 mL/min의 유량으로 공기 접촉된 나노크기 영가철의 TCE 분해능($k_{obs}$= 0.111, 0.102, and 0.086 $hr^{-1}$) 또한 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, fresh한 나노크기 영가철에 비해서는 약 80%의 분해효율을 나타내었다. Fresh한 나노크기 영가철 및 4 mL/min과 급속으로 공기 접촉시킨 나노크기 영가철을 물속에서 1일 동안 물과 접촉시킨 후 분해능을 평가한 실험에서는 공기 접촉 후 바로 분해 실험한 것 보다 분해능이 모두 향상되었다. 이는 물과의 반응을 통해 shell 층이 벗겨져 순수한 Fe(0)와 TCE의 접촉이 빨라져서 일어난 결과로 판단되어진다. 또한 각각 1주일과 2달간 대기 중에서 방치한 후 분해 실험한 결과 공기 접촉 후 바로 분해 실험한 결과와 비교해서 분해능이 90%와 50%로 감소하였다. 따라서 본 연구결과 일정 유량으로 공기 접촉 시킨 나노크기 영가철은 대기 중 산소에 안정하기 때문에 실제 현장 적용에 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.72-78
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• 1992

지구외핵은 순수한 철원소 이외에, 철보다 원자량이 낮은 원소가 상당량 포함되어 있다. 수소도 외핵내에 존재할 가능성이 있는 성분 중의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 따라서, 철수화물에 대한 압력에 따른 수소의 용해도에 대한 연구와 병행하여, 기타 금속수화물에 대한 연구의 확대 또한 중요하다. 수소는 또한 석유의 대체물질로써 그 가능성이 매우 높으며, 금속수화물상태로 수소를 보다 효율적으로 저장할 수 있는 설정구조에 대한 연구 역시 요구된다. 이러한 두가지 이류로, $TiH_2$를 철수화물의 결정구조적 유사물로 선택하여, 고온-고압하에서 특성화 현상을 연구하였다. 결정질 $TiH_2$ 분말시료에 대하여 두가지 다른 온도-압력 조건하에서 고온-고압실험이 시해되었다. 이러한 실험 중 하나는 소형 고온 발생장치가 부착된 피스톤-실린더 다이아몬드 앤질기기를 이용하여 압력은 최고 15 GPa 까지, 온도는 500${\circ}$에 고정시킨 상태에서 처리한 시료를 상온-상압상태로 변환시켜 X-선 회절실험을 하였다. 이러한 실험에서, 11.3 GPa 압력 이상에서 고온-고압처리한 시료로 부터 사방정계 결정구조를 보이는 비가역성의 새로운 광물상을 발견하였는데 이는 Ti수화물이 고압하에서 안정한 결정 격자구조를 보이는 새로운 것이다. 이 상변이에 따른 몰부피의 변화는 약 10%이다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 유도성 promoter인 GAL1과 상시성 promoter인 GPD와 ADH1 promoter 하류에 사람 ferritin H-chain 유전자(hfL) 및 사람 ferritin L-chain 유전자(hfL)를 연결하여 재조합 plasmid를 구축하고 이들을 S. cerevisiae 2805에 형질 전환시켜 외래 유전자를 성공적으로 발현시켰다. Ferritin 발현에 미치는 promoter의 영향을 비교한 바, 이 두 단백질 생간에 있어서 GAL1 promoter가 GPD나 ABH1 promoter 보다 더 효율적이었다. GAL1 promoter를 사용한 형질 전환체 (YG-H와 YG-L)에서 H-chain의 발현율은 전체 수용성 단백질 중 4.5%에 해당하였고, L-chain의 발현율은 9.8%에 이르렀다. 각 균주에서 발현된 H 및 L subunit은 비변성 젤은 사용한 전기 영동의 결과 대장균에서 생산된 재조합 단백질과 마찬가지로 자발적으로 holoprotein으로 조합되어졌다. 재조합 H-와 L-ferritin들은 단백질 내공에 철을 축적할 수 있음이 Prussian blue 염색으로 확인되었다. 그리고 효모 세포를 10 mM ferric citrate를 함유한 배지에서 배양했을 때, H-ferritin과 L-ferritin을 생산하는 재조합 효모 균주에 있어서의 펄의 농도는 각각 174.9 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight)과 148.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight)이었고 야생형 효모 균주에 있어서의 털의 농도는 49.4 $\mu\textrm{g}$ Per gram(dry cell weight)이었다. 이것은 사람 ferritin 유전자를 효모 균주에 발현시킴으로써 효모의 철 함량이 증진되었음을 유추하는 결과이다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권12호
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• pp.2246-2253
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• 2011

This paper presents the error correction method of magnetic position sensor using recursive least square method (RLSM) with forgetting factor. Magnetic position sensor is proposed for linear position detection of the linear motor which has tooth shape stator, consists of permanent magnet, iron core and linear hall sensor, and generates sine and cosine waveforms according to the movement of the mover of the linear motor. From the output of magnetic position sensor, the position of the linear motor can be detected using arc-tan function. But the variation of the air gap between magnetic position sensor and the stator and the error in manufacturing process can cause the variation in offset, phase and amplitude of the generated waveforms when the linear motor moves. These variations in sine and cosine waveforms are changed according to the current linear motor position, and it is very difficult to compensate the errors using constant value. In this paper, the generated sine and cosine waveforms from the magnetic position sensor are compensated on-line using the RLSM with forgetting factor. And the speed observer is introduced to reduce the effect of uncompensated harmonic component. The approaches are verified by some simulations and experiments.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1000-1003
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• 2012

The superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) can quickly limit the fault current shortly after the short circuit occurs and recover the superconducting state after the fault removes and plays a role in compensating the voltage sag of the sound feeder adjacent to the fault feeder as well as the fault current limiting operation of the fault feeder. Especially, the flux-lock type SFCL with an isolated transformer, which consists of two parallel connected coils on an iron core and the isolated transformer connected in series with one of two coils, has different voltage sag compensating and current limiting characteristics due to the winding direction and the inductance ratio of two coils. The current limiting and the voltage sag compensating characteristics of a SFCL using a transformer winding were analyzed. Through the analysis on the short-circuit tests results considering the winding direction of two coils, the SFCL designed with the additive polarity winding has shown the higher limited fault current than the SFCL designed with the subtractive polarity winding. It could be confirmed that the higher fault current limitation of the SFCL could be contributed to the higher load voltage sag compensation.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.396-401
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• 2001

Heat transfer analysis of a iron core type linear motor for surface mounting device applications was considered in this study. In order to avoid the complex conjugate problem a fluid flow regime and a solid regime were considered separately. First, film coefficients of the moving parts were evaluated from computational fluid dynamic analysis and those of the stationary parts from the existing empirical or analytic correlations. And then, by applying them, internal and external temperatures of the linear motor pal1s were computed through finite element analysis. Both computation and measurement were carried out with respect to motor driving power. The measurement did not exhibit a linear temperature variation trend with respect to motor power while the computation revealed a linear correlation. Nonetheless, the computations agreed with the measurements within an error range of 20%. It indicates that an adequate heat transfer model for the reciprocative coil assembly may help more exact prediction.

• 산업공학
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2000

With the rapid changes of business environments and the tremendous amount of information generated from those environments, most companies must learn to manage those changes and information more effectively. Furthermore, within those amounts of information, the information that meets with achieving the goal of each company should be selected and managed as a core competency, i.e. the knowledge, visible and invisible assets of the company. Knowledge management, as a tool of creating, sharing, and applying such knowledge, has pursued those requirements of companies and been studied by many researchers and consultants, especially focusing on the Knowledge Map'. It is said that a knowledge map is a powerful tool for scanning and managing the knowledge that exists in a company and that it is the most important part of establishing a knowledge management base. Until now, however, there have been no specific or practical models for establishing a knowledge map, in spite of the concern. For this reason, this paper suggests a practical model for establishing a knowledge map in terms of a knowledge acquisition procedure based on the traditional research concerning concept maps. In addition to this, for examining the validity of the model, a case study on the 'P' steel and iron company has been performed. This paper's methodology on developing a knowledge map and the procedures to apply them to the real business environment will suggest a cornerstone in the field of practical implementation of knowledge management.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.344-345
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• 2009

The flux-coupling type superconducting fault current limiter(SFCL) is composed of a series transformer and superconducting unit of the YBCO coated conductor. The primary and secondary coils in the transformer were wound in series each other through an iron core and the YBCO coated conductor was connected with secondary coil in parallel. In a normal condition, the flux generated from a primary coil is cancelled out by its structure and the zero resistance of the YBCO thin films. When a fault occurs, the resistance of the YBCO coated conductor was generated and the fault current was limited by the SFCL. In this paper, we investigated the fault current limiting characteristics according to turn ratio in the flux-coupling type SFCL. The experiment results that the fault current limiting characteristics was improved according to turn ratio.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.753-758
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• 2005

A flux-lock type superconducting fault current limiter(SFCL) consists of two coils, which are wound in parallel each other through an iron core, and a high-$T_c$ Superconducting(HTSC) thin film connected in series with coil 2. If the current of the HTSC thin film exceeds its critical current by the fault accident, the resistance of the HTSC thin film generated, and thereby the fault current can be limited by the impedance of the fluk-lock type SFCL. In this paper, we investigated the dependence of both the fault current limiting characteristics and the current distribution between two coils on the operational current of the flux-lock type SFCL through the equivalent circuit analyses and short circuit tests. From the comparison of both the results, the experimental results well agreed with the analyses for equivalent circuit.