• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2016

In this study, we optimized fermentation conditions for the solid state fermentation of rice bran with Monascus pilosus KCCM60084, and the antioxidant activities were investigated. Optimal fermentation conditions were determined by the production of Monacolin K, a functional secondary metabolites with cholesterol lowering activity. The highest Monacolin K production were 2.88 mg/g observed on day 10 with 45% moisture content in the substrate when inoculated with 5% inoculum (w/w). Reducing power, iron chelating activity and $ABTS^+$ radical scavenging activity were significantly enhanced after fermentation by 60, 80, and 38% respectively. Furthermore, the content of total flavonoid were found to be increased by 4.58 fold. Based on these results, Monascus-fermented rice bran showed strong possibility to be used as a natural antioxidant agent due to its enhanced antioxidant activity.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.670-677
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• 2007

Although polysaccharide is believed to play an important role in the medicinal effect of Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl (DCL), its role as an antioxidant and in anti-hyperglycemic induction was not reported. In this study, polysaccharide with molecular weight of approximately 150 kDa, herein named DCLP, was isolated from the stem of DCL, and its antioxidative, hypoglycemic and immune stimulating effects were evaluated using various in vitro and in vivo assay systems. DCLP inhibited hydroxyl radicals ($^{\cdot}$OH)-mediated deoxyribose degradation by scavenging hydroxyl radicals directly as well as by chelating iron ions. DCLP also showed dose-dependent scavenging activity on superoxide anions ($O_2^{{\cdot}-}$) and offered significant protection (p < 0.001) against glucose oxidase-mediated cytotoxicity in Jurkat cells. DCLP had immune stimulating effects, as evidenced by the DCLP-mediated increases in the level of DNA synthesis, viability, and cytokine secretion in mouse lymphocytes. Moreover, oral administration of DCLP produced a significant reduction in blood glucose level in alloxan-induced diabetic mice. These findings suggest that DCLP has a potential utility in treating patients who require enhanced antioxidation, immune function and/or hypoglycemic activity.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1122-1126
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• 2005

Tungtungmadic acid (3-caffeoyl-4-dihydrocaffeoyl quinic acid) is a new chlorogenic acid derivative that was isolated from the Salicomia herbacea. The structure of tungtungmadic acid was determined using chemical and spectral analysis. The antioxidant activity of tungtungmadic acid was evaluated using various antioxidant assays, including free radical scavenging, lipid peroxidation and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand breaks assays. Tungtungmadic acid ($IC_{50}\;=\;5.1\;{\mu}M\;and\;9.3\;{\mu}M$) was found to have higher antioxidant activity in the DPPH scavenging assay as well as in the iron-induced liver microsomal lipid peroxidation system. In addition, the tungtungmadic acid was also effective in protecting the plasmid DNA against strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radicals.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.168-174
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• 2003

천연 미네랄 성분을 함유한 medilite 침출수를 이용한 녹차 추출물에 의한 화학적 성분조성과 항산화 활성을 증류수 침출 녹차 추출물과 비교하였다. 항산화 활성은 DPPH법 및 microsone 생체막 지질 과산화물 생성정도를 나타내는 TBARS법으로 측정하였다. 녹차 추출물의 총 폴리페놀성 화합물과 추출 수율은 medilite 325 mesh, 600 mesh, DW 추출물 순으로 나타났다. DPPH법에 의한 0.05%와 0.1%의 녹차 추출물에서 항산화 활성은 60.95% ∼ 64.15% 사이였다. 간 homogenate 및 microsone 생체막 지질 과산화물 생성 억제 정도는 medilite 325 mesh 및 600 mesh 침출 녹차 추출물에 비해 증류수 침출 녹차 추출물에서 현저히 억제되었다. 특히 Fe 함량은 증류수 침출 녹차 추출물에 비해 medilite 325 mesh 및 600 mesh 침출 녹차 추출물에 현저히 높았다 이러한 medilite 침출 녹차 추출물에서 높은 Fe성분 함량은 microsone 생체막 지질 과산화물의 생성 촉진과 관련된 것으로 사료된다. 이상의 결과에서 녹차 추출물 중의 총 폴리페놀성 화합물, 추출 수율 및 미네랄 성분은 증류수에 비해 medilite 침출수를 이용함으로써 대체적으로 증가하는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.391-399
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• 2010

This study was conducted to improve the antioxidative activity of instant noodles containing enzymatic extracts from Ecklonia cava (EEC). EEC has relatively better antioxidative activity than extracts from other indigenous plants in Jeju Island. The EEC (2.5 mg/mL) had 82.5% for the hydroxy radical, 78.4% for the DPPH radical, and 64.9% for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities, and 65.2% for the cell viability (100 ${\mu}g/mL$). According to the texture of the dough, the DPPH free radical scavenging of uncooked instant noodles, sensory evaluation of cooked instant noodles, and turbidity of the cooking drip, the optimal EEC concentration was 1.8% for the instant noodles. The major amino acids in the instant noodles with EEC were glutamic acid (24.2%), proline (10.2%), valine (10.0%), and isoleucine (12.3%). The zinc and iron in the instant noodles were enhanced by adding 1.5-1.8% EEC. The antioxidant activity of instant noodles with EEC was 75.4% for the hydroxy radical, 74.1% for the DPPH radical, and 51.2 % for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2010

The ability of 80% ethanol extracts from five medicinal plants, Aralia continentalis, Paeonia suffruticosa, Magnolia denudata, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and Schizonepeta tenuifolia, to neutralize hydroxyl radical, peroxyl radical and peroxynitrite was examined using the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Peroxyl radical was generated from thermal homolysis of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (ABAP); hydroxyl radical by an iron-ascorbate Fenton reaction; peroxynitrite by spontaneous decomposition of 3-morpholinosydnonimine N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1). The oxidants generated react with $\alpha$-keto-$\gamma$-methiolbutyric acid (KMBA) to yield ethylene, and the TOSC of the substances tested is quantified from their ability to inhibit ethylene formation. Extracts from P. suffruticosa, M. denudata, and S. tenuifolia were determined to be potent peroxyl radical scavenging agents with a specific TOSC (sTOSC) being at least six-fold greater than that of glutathione (GSH). These three plants also showed sTOSCs toward peroxynitrite markedly greater than sTOSC of GSH, however, only P. suffruticosa revealed a significant hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity. Seven major active constituents isolated from P. suffruticosa, quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, gallic acid, benzoic acid, benzoyl paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin, were determined for their antioxidant potential toward peroxynitrite, peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals. Quercetin, (+)-catechin, methyl gallate, and gallic acid exhibited sTOSCs 40~85 times greater than sTOSC of GSH. These four components also showed a peroxynitrite scavenging capacity higher than at least 10-fold of GSH. For antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radical, methyl gallate was greatest followed by gallic acid and quercetin. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate the significance of scavenging a specific oxidant in the prevention of cellular injury and disease states caused by the reactive free radical species.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.905-913
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• 2018

Objective: To evaluate the effects of L-lysine (Lys)/L-arginine (Arg) on lipid and protein oxidation of emulsion sausage during storage and its possible mechanism. Methods: Four samples were prepared based on the presence or absence of additional sodium isoascorbate, Lys, or Arg: sample A (control), sample B (0.05 g of sodium isoascorbate), sample C (0.4 g of Lys), and sample D (0.4 g of Arg). Peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls and thiols were measured. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical-scavenging, ferrous ion-chelating ability were also measured. Results: Compared with the control, the sample treated with sodium isoascorbate, Lys or Arg had significantly lower POV during the initial 20 days, TBARS during the initial 15 days. Protein carbonyls were significantly lower compared Sample B, C, and D with A during the later storage (10 to 25 days); basically, protein thiols became lower during storage when the samples were treated with sodium isoascorbate, Lys, or Arg. Both Lys and Arg had weak reducing power but strong ferrous ion-chelating activity and DPPH radical- and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity. Conclusion: Both Lys and Arg effectively inhibited the oxidation of lipids and proteins in emulsion sausage by scavenging free radicals and chelating ferrous ions. The results obtained may be favorable for the prevention of lipid and protein oxidation during processing and storage of meat products.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.626-632
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• 2001

식물체(팽이버섯, 마늘, 녹차, allspice, 하수오, 오미자, 행인, 솔잎)가 free radical 반응 및 지방산화 억제에 미치는 영향과 nitrosamine 생성의 직접적인 영향인자인 아질산염에 대한 천연물의 분해효과를 검토한 결과 각 추출물의 pH는 열수추출물보다 ethanol추출물이 높은 pH를 나타내었으며, 그중에서 오미자 열수추출물이 3.0으로 가장 낮았다. 지방산화의 촉진인자인 $Fe^{2+}$ 이온과 활성산소 중 지방산화를 일으키는데 주요한 역할을 하는 hydroxyl radical에 대한 각 추출물들의 영향은 추출물 모두 $Fe^{2+}$ 이온 binding 능력은 탁월하였으며, deoxyribose상에서 OH 포집능 측정에서도 팽이버섯, 솔잎ethanol추출물이 다른 추출물에 비하여 낮은 TBARS값을 나타내었다. Iron의 함량은 열수추출물에서는 2.0 mg/100 g 미만이었으나, 오미자 추출물의 total iron 함량이 6.8 mg/100 g으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 용매별 iron함량 측정에서는 ethanol 추출물의 iron함량이 전반적으로 열수추출물보다 낮은 iron함량을 나타내었다. Ascorbic acid 함량은 녹차추출물이 열수 및 ethanol 추출에서 각각 14.3 mg/100 g, 16.7 mg/100 g을 나타내어 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 전자공여능은 팽이버섯, 마늘 추출물을 제외하고 50% 이상의 전자공여능을 나타내었으며, 열수추출보다는 ethanol 추출물의 전자공여능이 우수하였다. SOD 유사활성은 전반적으로 8%이상의 활성능을 보였으나, 솔잎 ethanol추출물은 활성능이 미미하였으며. 녹차 열수와 ethanol추출물이 각각 85.3%, 63.5%로 가장 높은 활성능을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거작용은 열수추출물이 전반적으로 ethanol추출물에 비하여 높은 소거능을 나타내었다. 녹차추출물의 열수와 ethanol 추출물은 아질산염 소거능이 매우 우수하였다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.1007-1012
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 4종류의 Lactobacillus spp.의 항산화 효과와 활성산소에 대한 내성을 측정하였다. 그 결과 L. casei KCTC 3260의 항산화 효과가 intact cell에 서 36.9%, cell lysate에 서 79.8%로서 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 또 한 lmM 농도의 hydrogen peroxide에 서 생존성에 직접적으로 영향을 받지 않는 등 활성산소에 대해서 높은 내성을 나타내었다. 또한 높은 GPX 활성이 활성산소 하에서 L. casei KCTC 3260의 생존성에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1112-1118
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• 2004

본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 참당귀추출물 1 mg/mL의 농도에서 열수추출물의 free radical소거 효과는 메탄올추출 물보다 높게 나타났으며 농도 의존적으로 DPPH free radical 소거 효과가 상승하는 것을 관찰하였다. 또한 참당귀 투여에 의하여 화학요법으로 발생된 지질과산화물의 생성을 감소시켰으며, 단백질 산화를 유의적으로 억제함으로써 참당귀추출물은 CYP를 투여로 생성된 free radical을 감소시킴으로써 독성을 감소시켜, 혈액학적 빈혈지표가 더 감소되는 것을 막았다고 사료되며, 항산화제로서의 가능성이 있는 한약재로서 활용성이 높을 것으로 사료된다 항산화효소인 SOD 활성은CYP투여에 의하여 활성이 증가하였으며 참당귀추출물의 투여에 의한 효과가 나타나지 않았으나 감소하는 경향을 보였고 catalase 활성은 CYP 투여에 의하여 활성이 증가하였으나 참당귀의 효과는 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 참당귀추출물은 free radical 소거능을 갖고, 화학요법으로 발생된 지질과산화물의 생성을 낮춰 화학요법에 의한 부작용으로 발생되는 혈액학적 수치의 감소를 막음으로써 항산화제로의 활용성을 기대해본다.