• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.302-309
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop a VR-based digital therapeutic intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. The research combined medical data with virtual reality technology to develop an algorithm for ADHD diagnostic scales and implemented a VR-based digital therapeutic platform using a head-mounted display (HMD). This platform can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. Additionally, we four VR games were developed, including archery timing, Antarctic exploration, grocery shopping, and rhythm-based drumming(RBD), incorporating various psychiatric treatment techniques based on cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT). To evaluate the usability of this digital therapeutic intervention, a group of experts specialized in counseling psychology participated in the study. The evaluations received highly positive feedback regarding the ability to access the system menu while wearing the HMD, the consistency of terminology used in menus and icons, the usage of actual size for 3D graphic elements, and the support for shortcut key functionality. The assessments also indicated that the games could improve attention, working memory, and impulse control, suggesting potential therapeutic effects for ADHD. This intervention could provide a daily treatment method for families experiencing financial constraints that limit hospital-based therapies, thereby reducing the burden.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.9-15
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• 2011

It is difficult to identify attack requests from normal ones when those attacks are based on CSRF which enables an attacker transmit fabricated requests of a trusted user to the website. For the protection against the CSRF, there have been a lot of research efforts including secret token, custom header, proxy, policy model, CAPTCHA, and user reauthentication. There remains, however, incapacitating means and CAPTCHA and user reauthentication incur user inconvenience. In this paper, we propose a method to detect CSRF attacks by analyzing the structure of websites and the usage patterns. Potential victim candidates are selected and website usage patterns according to the structure and usage logs are analyzed. CSRF attacks can be detected by identifying normal usage patterns. Also, the proposed method does not damage users' convenience not like CAPTCHA by requiring user intervention only in case of detecting abnormal requests.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.71 no.2
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• pp.114-119
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• 2011

Background: There is very limited data present on smoking cessation rates in outpatient departments of pulmonology. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a brief smoking cessation intervention program in an outpatient department of pulmonology and identify predictors of smoking cessation failure. Methods: After a brief recommendation of smoking cessation from pulmonologists, smokers willing to quit smoking were given individual counseling and supplement drugs. Fifty smokers were included in this study and baseline characteristics, smoking history and success rate were reviewed at 3 months. Results: The mean age of the patients was $58.3{\pm}14.6$ years and the total group of patients included 3 women. The rate of smoking cessation success was 74% at 3 months, and there were no differences in age, spirometric indexes and associated diseases between the smoking cessation success and failure group. The rate of supplement drug usage was not different in both groups either. However, body weight, mean number of cigarette usage per day and nicotine dependence scores in the failure group were significantly higher than in the success group. In multivariate analysis, body weight and mean number of cigarette usage per day were significant. Two smokers with a depressive disorder failed the smoking cessation. Conclusion: A smoking cessation intervention program in the outpatient department of pulmonology showed a favorable success rate. More intensive interventions are needed to unfavorable groups which include the obese and heavy smokers.

• Clinical Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.74-85
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• 2021

Ultrasound (US) can depict of various anatomical structures, such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerve roots, and vessels, around the neck. The usage of US around the neck is increasing due to its quick and easy application for guided injection for nerves, tendons, and joints. This article elaborates the degenerative diseases causing neck pain, sonoanatomy, and the use of US for diagnosis and intervention; for example, small nerves around the neck, cervical root, stellate ganglion, medial branches, greater occipital nerve (GON), and third occipital nerve (TON). The aim of this review article is to lead readers to understand the anatomy around the neck and structural relations, and to get to know about several US-guided intervention of the neck.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.7-12
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• 2011

Purpose: The cane is one of the most popular assistive devices for stroke patients. Clinical complaints of sensorimotor functions on the ipsilateral upper limb were appealed in stroke patients who had used a cane for a long period. Therefore, we investigated whether cane usage for a long-term period affected sensoriomotor dysfunctions on the non-affected upper limb, in terms of pain presence, shoulder joint sense, a nine-hole pegboard test, and a tracking task. Methods: We recruited 12 stroke patients, who were divided into the cane-using (CU) group or the non-cane using (NCU) group, according to cane usage experience. We evaluated joint position sense for the integrity of proprioceptive reposition sense in the shoulder joint, used a nine-hole pegboard test for upper limb dexterity evaluation, and a tracking task for visuomotor coordination. Results: Four patients in the CU group had complained of shoulder pain none did in the NCU group. In addition, the CU group showed more reposition errors on the shoulder joint than the NCU group did. In addition, the CU group had more difficulty in proprioceptive sense perception and in performance of the nine-hole pegboard teat and tracking task, compared with the NCU group. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that cane usage for a long period in stroke patients could give rise to trigger joint pain and decrease proprioceptive sense. In addition, complex motor performance in the ipsilateral upper limb could deteriorate. In stroke patients who had used acane for long period, careful observation and proper intervention will be necessary.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.455-466
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a structured preoperative PCA education on the knowledge and attitude regarding PCA usage, level of pain, and the consumption of analgesics after operation for colorectal surgery patients. Methods: This study was conducted from 18 Feb to 2 May, 2008. Participants were 80 colorectal cancer patients who would use the IV-PCA after colorectal surgery in a cancer hospital in Gyeonggi-do, Korea. Two groups, experimental and control were consisted of 40 patients each. The 20-minute structured education regarding PCA usage was applied to each patient individually in the experimental group but only the routine anesthetic consultation was given to each patient in the control group the day before the surgery. The SPSS/PC 10.0 program was introduced to analyze the collected data on frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, $x^2$-test, t-test and paired t-test. Results: The experimental group with the structured preoperative PCA education showed higher knowledge and more positive attitudes regarding the PCA usage than the control group. Also the experimental group showed better pain control and lower consumption of analgesics at 4, 8 and 24 hours after than the control group. Conclusion: The structured preoperative PCA education is an effective nursing intervention for improving the knowledge and attitude of the colorectal surgery patients on the PCA usage, and enabling the patient to take the analgesic more effectively with lower consumption, while reducing the patients' pain after operation.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.51 no.9
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• pp.922-934
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• 2008

Developmental language disorder is the most common developmental disability in childhood, occurring in 5-8% of preschool children. Children learn language in early childhood, and later they use language to learn. Children with language disorders are at increased risk for difficulties with reading and written language when they enter school. These problems often persist through adolescence or adulthood. Early intervention may prevent the more serious consequences of later academic problems, including learning disabilities. A child's performance in specific speech and language areas, such as phonological ability, vocabulary comprehension, and grammatical usage, is measured objectively using the most recently standardized, norm-referenced tests for a particular age group. Observation and qualitative analysis of a child's performance supplement objective test results are essential for making a diagnosis and devising a treatment plan. Emphasis on the team approach system in the evaluation of children with speech and language impairments has been increasing. Evidence-based therapeutic interventions with short-term, long-term, and functional outcome goals should be applied, because there are many examples of controversial practices that have not been validated in large, controlled trials. Following treatment intervention, periodic follow-up monitoring by a doctor is also important. In addition, a systematized national health policy for children with speech and language disorders should be provided.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.334-344
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• 2016

The purpose of this research is to investigate usage related predictors to activate Adult Guardianship System of People with Developmental Disabilities. To achieve the purpose of this research, we have analyzed the survey of parents of People with Developmental Disabilities usage needs for Adult Guardianship System which is based on the Andersen's behavioral model. The study utilized data from 2011 Welfare Needs Assessment of Seoul middle and senior-aged Family with Developmental Disabilities, and the analysis method, the study applied used SPSS 22.0, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, logistic regression analysis. According to the result, the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System increases meaningfully if the parents does not have occupation, and the subject of Adult Guardianship System is male. In income and the social security system wise, the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System show remarkably large rating if the average income is high and the desire to be cared by others is high. But in case of People with Developmental Disabilities, communication skills, the degree of disability, burden of caring does not have effect on the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System. The conclusion for this research is, first, to activate vigorous usage of Adult Guardianship System, the government intervention is required. Second, the following study is needed to explain to the concept of the needs caring by others and the cultural factors relating to the usage needs for Adult Guardianship System.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

Objective : We tried to know the effect on the ability of work performance, cognitive, balance, depression, ability of daily living, the quality of life, and time usage after applying the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to dementia elderly. Methods : We performanced the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to 15 dementia elderly for 12weeks by total 5 steps. We evaluated the ability of work performance(COPM), cognitive(MMSE-DS), balance(BBS), depression(GDS-K), ability of daily living(MBI), the quality of life(GQOL-D), and time usage(OQ) of before and after the programme. Results : There was a significant difference of the ability of work performance, balance, the quality of life, and locomotive area of time usage after applying the group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign to dementia elderly. Conclusion : The group cognitive therapy that based on lifestyle redesign programme is effective for satisfaction of work performance and improvement of the quality of life and balance ability. The programme is also effective for locomotive area of time usage. We found out the effect of the programme in variety of the life of dementia elderly.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.399-412
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• 2020

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of smartphone addiction interventions among university students. Selection criteria included university students, smartphone addiction interventions, smartphone addiction, depression, anxiety, self-control and time of smartphone usage. A total of 915 articles were retrieved. From those, 15 studies from 13 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis showed that smartphone addiction interventions undergone by university students had statistical significance in alleviating smartphone addiction (d=-1.57, 95% CI:-2.84, -0.30), depression (d=-3.73, 95% CI:-4.97, -2.48), and self-control (d=7.28, 95% CI:2.76, 11.79); but were not significantly effective in improving anxiety and reducing time of smartphone usage. The systematic review and meta-analysis suggested that smartphone addiction interventions boost the alleviation of smartphone addiction. However, it remains necessary to conduct well-designed randomized controlled trials, including the consideration of various cultural characteristics.