• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.914-928
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• 2018

Objectives: This case report examines the effects of traditional Korean medicine for unspecified tremor with xerostomia caused by psychometric drug intake. Methods: A patient who suffered from unspecified tremor with xerostomia caused by psychometric drug intake was treated with acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, and traditional Korean medicine for 30 days. We provided the patient with herbal medicines including Ondam-tang-gagam (溫膽湯加減), Pumsimgieum-gagam (忿心氣陰加減), and Hoichunyanggyeok-san-gami (回春凉隔散加味). Symptoms were charted and evaluated using the Yin-deficiency questionnaire score, Yin-deficiency scale score, dry mouth symptom questionnaire, and visual analogue scale. Results: After treatment with Korean Medicine and pharmacopuncture, the frequency and degree of tremor has decreased, and degree of Xerostomia also improved. The Scores of Yin-deficiency questionnaire score, Yin-deficiency scale score, dry mouth symptom questionnaire, and visual analogue scale were also improved. And we could see reduction in the level of distribution of gastrointestinal heat at Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging test. The patient's Symtoms (Xerostomia as well as unspecified tremor) were improved after treated with Korean Medicine and pharmacopuncture. Conclusion: Korean medicine treatments may be valuable for xerostomia caused by psychometric drug intake.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.29 no.7 s.238
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• pp.784-794
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• 2005

In the very low specific speed range ($n_s=0.24$ < 0.25, non-dimensional), the efficiency of centrifugal pump designed by a conventional method is very low in common. Therefore, positive-displacement pumps have long been used widely. Recently, since the centrifugal pumps are becoming higher in rotational speed and smaller in size, there expects to develop a new centrifugal pump with a high performance to replace the positive-displacement pumps. The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal flow characteristics of a very low specific speed centrifugal pump and to examine the effect of internal flow pattern on pump performance. The results show that the theoretical head definition of semi-open impeller should be revised by the consideration of high slip factor in the semi-open impeller, and the leakage flow through the tip clearance results in a large effect on the impeller internal flow. Strong reverse flow at the outlet of semi-open impeller reduces the absolute tangential velocity considerably, and the decreased absolute tangential velocity increasese the slip factor with the reduction of theoretical head.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.63-70
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• 2003

Purpose: To describe the MRI findings of the retrodiskal tissue in patients presenting with TMJ internal derangement and to correlate these findings with clinical and other MRI manifestations. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighteen joints of 63 patients with TMJ internal derangement were examined by MRI. Tl-weighted sagittal MR images taken in both closed- and open-mouth were evaluated for the presence of demarcation between disk and retrodiskal tissue, the presence of low signal intensity, and the depiction of the temporal part of the posterior attachment. The results were correlated with the duration of TMJ internal derangement, the presence of pain, and other MRI findings, including the type of internal derangement, the extent of disk displacement, the degree of disc deformation, and the presence of osteoarthrosis. Results: A significant relationship between the presence of low signal intensity in the retrodiskal tissue and other MRI findings was determined. Low signal intensity on the open-mouth view was observed more frequently in patients with disc displacement without reduction, severe disc displacement and deformation, and osteoarthrosis (p<0.05). The demarcation between disk and retrodiskal tissue, and the depiction of the temporal part of the posterior attachment(TPA) were correlated neither with clinical, nor with other MRI findings. Conclusion: This study suggests that low signal intensity in the retrodiskal tissue on open-mouth MR image can be indicative of advanced stages of disk displacement.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.333-338
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• 2016

Background: In case of radiation emergencies, internal exposure monitoring for the members of public will be required to confirm internal contamination of each individual. In-vivo monitoring technique using portable gamma spectrometer can be easily applied for internal exposure monitoring in the vicinity of the on-site area. Materials and Methods: In this study, minimum detectable doses (MDDs) for $^{134}Cs$, $^{137}Cs$, and $^{131}I$ were calculated adjusting minimum detectable activities (MDAs) from 50 to 1,000 Bq to find out the optimal in-vivo counting condition. DCAL software was used to derive retention fraction of Cs and I isotopes in the whole body and thyroid, respectively. A minimum detect-able level was determined to set committed effective dose of 0.1 mSv for emergency response. Results and Discussion: We found that MDDs at each MDA increased along with the elapsed time. 1,000 Bq for $^{134}Cs$ and $^{137}Cs$, and 100 Bq for $^{131}I$ were suggested as optimal MDAs to provide in-vivo monitoring service in case of radiation emergencies. Conclusion: In-vivo monitoring program for emergency response should be designed to achieve the optimal MDA suggested from the present work. We expect that a reduction of counting time compared with routine monitoring program can achieve the high throughput system in case of radiation emergencies.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1222-1235
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• 2004

This study examines the influence of geometry on the internal flow and macroscopic behavior of the spray in Diesel nozzles. For this investigation, two bi-orifice nozzles were employed: one cylindrical and one conical. The first step is to use a non-destructive characterization method which is based on the production of silicone moulds so that the precise internal geometry of the two nozzles can be measured. At this stage the nozzles have been characterized dimensionally and therefore the internal flow can be studied using CFD calculations. The results gained from this experiment make it possible also to ascertain the critical cavitation conditions. Once the critical cavitation conditions have been identified, the macroscopic parameters of the spray can be studied in both cavitating and non-cavitating conditions using a test rig pressurized with nitrogen and with the help of a image acquisition system and image processing software. Consequently, research can be carried out to determine the influence that cavitation has on macroscopic spray behavior. From the point of view of the spray macroscopic behavior, the main conclusion of the paper is that cavitation leads to an increment of the spray cone angle. On the other hand, from the point of view of the internal flow, the hole outlet velocity increases when cavitation appears. This phenomenon can be explained by the reduction in the cross section of the liquid phase in the outlet section of the hole.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.609-623
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• 2016

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Mori folium on insulin resistance and adipose tissue inflammation in an experimental mouse model of obesity.Methods: Obesity was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them a high-fat diet. The mice were divided into four groups (n=6): a normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat diet with 40 mg of Mori folium, and high-fat diet with 800 mg of Mori folium groups. After 13 wk, the body weights, fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin levels, insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment) levels, oral glucose tolerance test levels, epididymal fat and liver weights, and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interferon-γ were measured. In addition, adipose tissue macrophages were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.Results: Mori folium significantly reduced blood glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance levels, and liver weights. It also reduced adipose tissue macrophage numbers and tumor necrosis factor receptor-α gene expression.Conclusions: These results show that Mori folium has insulin resistance reduction and anti-inflammatory effects in an experimental mouse model of obesity.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.405-415
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• 2021

Following the dynamic property analysis and elaboration, linear response spectrum analysis (RSA) and response history analysis (RHA) were conducted on a representative hyperbolic cooling towers (HCT) in present study. The seismic responses in tower shell were illustrated in detail, including the internal force amplitude, modal contribution, influence from damping ratio, comparison of results got from RSA and RHA and especially the latitude distributions of internal forces. The results show that the eigenmodes could be classified in a new method into four types according to their mode shapes and only the lateral bending modes and vertical stretching modes are meaningful for horizontal and vertical earthquake correspondingly. The bending modes and seismic deformation display the same feature which is global lateral bending accompanied by minute circular flow displacement of section. This feature also decides the latitude distributions of internal forces as sine or cosine. Moreover, the following method is also proposed for approximate estimation of internal force amplitudes without time-consuming response history analysis: getting the response spectrums of the selected ground accelerations and then comparing values of response spectrums at the natural period of first lateral bending mode because it is always prime dominant for horizontal seismic responses.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.523-535
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and improvement of dyslipidemia on Hyangsapyeongwi-san. Methods: In this study, HUVEC cells were cultured and treated with Hyangsapyeongwi-san to measure intracellular KLF2, eNOS, MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 gene expression levels related to anti-inflammation. The weight of experimental animals administered with Hyangsapyeongwi-san was measured, blood samples were biochemically analyzed, and liver tissues were reviewed to research histological changes. Results: Gene expression levels in the cells treated with Hyangsapyeongwi-san generally showed a meaningful anti-inflammatory effect. The body weight of the experimental animals decreased, and total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol in the blood generally declined while HDL-cholesterol tended to increase. Fat accumulation between hepatocytes was also reduced after the administration of Hyangsapyeongwi-san. Conclusions: This study confirmed that Hyangsapyeongwi-san has the effect of suppressing vascular inflammatory responses through the regulation of genes involved in the vascular inflammatory process and improving dyslipidemia through the reduction of blood lipids and weight loss.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.2-7
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• 2016

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the radiological and clinical outcomes after open reduction and plate fixation of midshaft clavicle fractures between patients who achieved successful anatomical reduction and those who had a remaining fracture gap even after open reduction and plate fixation, and were thus treated with additional demineralized bone matrix (DBM). Methods: This retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 consecutive patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation using a locking compression plate for acute displaced midshaft clavicle fractures, and who underwent radiographic and clinical outcome evaluations at least 6 months postoperatively. The outcomes between those who achieved perfect anatomical reduction without remnant gap (n=32) and those who had a remaining fracture gap even after open reduction and plate fixation treated with additional DBM (n=24) were evaluated. Results: There were no differences in the use of lag screws or wiring and operation time (all p>0.05) between those with and without remnant gap. No difference in the average radiological union time and clinical outcomes (satisfaction and Constant score) was observed between the two groups (all p>0.05). However, significantly faster union time was observed for AO type A fracture compared with other types (p=0.012), and traffic accident showed association with worse clinical outcomes compared with other causes of injury. Conclusions: Surgical outcome of midshaft clavicle fracture was more affected by initial fracture type and event, and re-reduction and re-fixation of the fracture to obtain a perfect anatomical reduction spending time appears to be unnecessary if rigid fixation is achieved.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.298-308
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• 2014

Objectives: In this study we made an effort to investigate the protective effect of SSMT on the N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) -induced cytotoxicity of SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: The cell viability was assessed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MMT) assay. The fluorescence intensity was measured by using a dye and then with propidium iodide (PI) DNA flow cytometry analysis of the effects on the cell cycle of the SH-SY5Y cells and were used to measure the fluorescence of intracellular reactive oxygen species generation by MPTP. Results: Pretreatment of SSMT significantly suppressed MPTP-induced cytotoxicity, which was revealed as apoptosis characterized by the reduction of cell viability, the increase of ROS production, and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in SH-SY5Y cells. Conclusions: These findings suggest that SSMT exerts neuroprotective effects on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration.