• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.118-118
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• 1993

퀴놀론 모핵의 합성은 기존에 알려진 합성 방법인 Could-Jacobs방법과 Bayer방법에 의해서 Intermediate로 사용된 7-chloro-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1, 4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid와 1-cyclopropyl-7-chloro-6-Fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinolne-3-carboxylic acid를 합성하였다. Heteroaromatic tin compound는 furan, thiophene, 3-bromopyridine, 2-fluoropyridine에 n-BuLi을 사용하여 metallation 한후 electrophile로 tributyltin chloride를 사용하여 2-tributylstannofuran, 2-tributylst-annothiophene, 3-tributylstannopyridine, 2- fluoro-2-tributylstannop-yridine을 합성할 수 있었다. 이상의 Intermediate와 tin compounds를 p-alladium 촉매하에서 반응시켜 1-ethyl-7-(2-furanyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihy-dro-4-oxo-3-quinoline-carboxylic acid (compound 3), 1-ethyl-7-(2-th-iophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinol in carboxylic acid(compound 5), 1-ethyl-7-(3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 7), 1-ethyl-7-(2-fluoro-3-pyrid-nyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 9), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-furanyl) -6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 4), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-thiophenyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 6) ,1-cyclopropyl-7-(3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 8), 1-cyclopropyl-7-(2-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid (compound 10)를 합성하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.408-414
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• 1988

This thesis is 2nd thesis from "Mechanism of Intercalation Compounds in Graphite with Hydrogen sulfate(J. Korea Cer. Soc. Vol. 22. No.6, 1985). We have oxidized natural Graphite flakes(0.1~0.2mm., Kropfm hl passau in Deutchland. S40) with a solution of CrO3 in H2SO4. Whilst persulfate ions were intercalated, too, below 7$^{\circ}C$, no evidence for intercalation of a peroxo compound was found at 22$^{\circ}C$. The reaction was interrupted after various times by filtering and washing with concentrated H2SO4. X-ray diffraction showed that the 2nd stage compound had already been formed after 2 minutes. We could only follow further oxidation to the blue stage compound which was completed after 35 minutes. We have found six distinct intermediate stage between 2nd stage and 1 stage. Experiments are described on the formation of intermediate stage color and X-ray diffraction analysis.ysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.12
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• pp.4079-4083
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• 2012

The mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction between singlet state dichlorosilylene germylidene ($Cl_2Si=Ge:$) and acetone has been investigated with B3LYP/6-$31G^*$ and B3LYP/6-$31G^{**}$ method, from the potential energy profile, we predict that the reaction has one dominant reaction pathway. The presented rule of the reaction is that the two reactants firstly form a Si-heterocyclic four-membered ring germylene through the [2+2] cycloaddition reaction. Because of the 4p unoccupied orbital of Ge atom in the Si-heterocyclic four-membered ring germylene and the ${\pi}$ orbital of acetone forming a ${\pi}{\rightarrow}p$ donor-acceptor bond, the Si-heterocyclic four-membered ring germylene further combines with acetone to form an intermediate. Because the Ge atom in the intermediate hybridizes to an $sp^3$ hybrid orbital after the transition state, then, the intermediate isomerizes to spiro-heterocyclic ring compound involving Si and Ge (P4) via a transition state.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 1994

Photolysis of diazotetracyanocyclopentadiene has been investigated by means of IR and UV-vis spec troscopy in Ar matrix. Parent carbene is produced in low yield and could be detected by UV-vis spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy. The carbene produced from the diazo compound is very photolabile and also decay thermally at temperature as low as 10K. When the diazo compound is photolyzed the Arrhenius plots show a tunneling effect that is not shown as non linearity.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.225-228
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• 1986

Progesterone immunogen has been synthesized and its melting point, Rf-value, UV and IR spectrum have been measured to develope the essential step in antisera production against low molecular weight substance. Mixed anhydride reaction was used to conjugate $11{\alpha}$-hydroxy-progesterone with succinic anhydride. Melting point of one intermediate compound was $156^{\circ}C$, and Rf-value was 0.41 in benzene : acetone : methanol (5 : 5 : 2). Maximum absorbance was measured at 242nm and ${\varepsilon}$ was $1.641{\times}10^4cm^2/mole$. Loss of hydroxy group was observed at 3450nm, and carbonyl group was appeared at 1160nm, 1250nm and 2960nm. These results indicated that the intermediate compound was progesterone hemisuccinate. Maximum absorbance of progesterone bovine-serum albumin(BSA) conjugate was observed at 250nm. Molar ratio of progesterone to BSA was average 15.4 on UV spectrum.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.121-127
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• 2013

New types of monocyclic ${\beta}$-lactams constitute an important class of compounds due to their unique structures and natures. Here, the design and synthesis of new 4-alkylthio monocyclic ${\beta}$-lactams 2a and 3a are reported. Significantly, compounds 2a and 3a, while keeping a monocyclic system, were designed to contain all of the substructures provided by the cleavage of C(2)-C(3) bond in penicillins. Efficient synthetic pathways for compounds 2a and 3a were established based on two different strategies. Compound 2a was synthesized from raw materials, using 4-acetoxyazetidin-2-one as a key intermediate, through a ten-step synthetic sequence in 3% overall yield. Compound 3a was synthesized from potassium salt of penicillin G (17), using the degraded product 20 as a key intermediate, through a six-step synthetic sequence in 11% overall yield. 4-Alkylthioazetidin-2-one derivatives, introduced in this study, could serve as valuable intermediates for the development of new monocyclic ${\beta}$-lactams.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.311-314
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• 1986

A series of tetramethyl 1-substituted benzyl-3a,7a-dihydro-1H-indole-2,3,3a,4-tetracarboxylates were prepared and their reactions with bromine were examined. The initial reaction seemed to be the formation of the intermediate N-bromo quaternary ammonium bromide. This intermediate underwent aromatization with loss of the 3a-methoxycarbonyl group. Bromine replaced the N-substituent of the p-methoxybenzyl compound and addition of bromine occurred across the $C_6-C_7$ double bond of the indole ring. Bromination of the benzyl ring and aromatization occurred for the m-methoxybenzyl compound.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.1934-1938
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• 2012

The reaction mechanism between cyclopropenylidene and formaldehyde has been systematically investigated employing the MP2/6-311+$G^*$ level of theory to better understand the cyclopropenylidene reactivity with carbonyl compound. Geometry optimization, vibrational analysis, and energy property for the involved stationary points on the potential energy surface have been calculated. Energies of all the species are further corrected by the CCSD(T)/6-311+$G^*$ single-point calculations. It was found that one important reaction intermediate (INTa) has been located firstly $via$ a transition state (TSa). After that, the common intermediate (INTb) for the two pathways (1) and (2) has been formed $via$ TSb. At last, two different products possessing three- and four-membered ring characters have been obtained through two possible reaction pathways. In the reaction pathway (1), a three-membered ring alkyne compound has been obtained. As for the reaction pathway (2), it is the formation of the four-membered ring conjugated diene compound. The energy barrier of the ratedetermining step of pathway (1) is lower than that of the pathway (2), and the ultima product of pathway (2) is more stable than that of the pathway (1).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.897-904
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• 2019

Monascus purpureus recombinant mppC and mpp7 knockout strains were subjected to extractive fermentation in the context of azaphilone pigment production. Inclusion of Diaion HP-20 resin resulted in the selective production of unreduced azaphilone congeners, in addition to the early intermediate FK17-P2a, from ${\Delta}mppC$ and ${\Delta}mpp7$ strains that would otherwise mainly produce reduced congeners. Structural determination of two novel unreduced azaphilones from the ${\Delta}mpp7$ strain was accomplished. The unreduced azaphilone compound was converted into the cognate reduced congener in recombinant M. purpureus strains, demonstrating its intermediate role in azaphilone biosynthesis. This study demonstrates the possibility that extractive fermentation with Diaion HP-20 resin can be used to obtain cryptic azaphilone metabolites.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-42
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• 1996

The photochemical reaction of phenyl(tribromomethyl)mercury with nido-decaborane gives a new boron cluster expanded compound. The two borons at the 6- and 9- positions in decaborane behave as electrophilic centers for the reaction with dibromocarbene. The first step in this reaction is the addition of two molar equivalents of dibromocarbene which is produced from phenyl(tribromomethyl)mercury to nido-decaborane. In the second step the unstable intermediate generates the product, 1,2-$Br_2C_2B_{10}H_{10}$ through loss of H$_2$.