• Korean Journal of Metals and Materials
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.97-104
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• 2008

Black interlayer was introduced into between ITO and Bus electrodes to enhance a bright room contrast ratio of a plasma display panel. To measure the electrical resistance of the black interlayer, we designed two test patterns, type I and type II, of which type II pattern was successful. Using type II test pattern, the electrical resistance of the black interlayer was measured to be $300{\Omega}$ for $2{\mu}m$ thickness case and infinitely high for 4, $6{\mu}m$ thickness. This result shows that electrical resistance of the black interlayer in the ITO/black interlayer/Bus electrodes structure is a critical parameter which determines the electrical characteristics of the PDP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.200.1-200.1
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• 2016

Tungsten coatings on the graphite (CX-2320) were successfully deposited using the vacuum plasma spraying (VPS) method. An optimum coating procedure was developed and coating thicknesses of $409{\mu}m$ (without an interlayer) and $378{\mu}m$ (with an interlayer) were obtained with no cracks and no signs of delamination. The mechanical characteristics and microstructure of the tungsten coating layers were investigated using a Vickers hardness tester, FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD. The effect of a titanium interlayer on the properties of the tungsten coating was investigated. It was shown that the titanium interlayer prevented the diffusion of carbon to the tungsten layer, thereby suppressing the formation of tungsten carbide. Vickers hardness data yielded values that were 62.5 ~ 80.46% of those for bulk tungsten, indicating that tungsten coatings on graphite can be utilized as a plasma-facing material. High heat flux tests were performed by using thermal plasma with a maximum flux of $10MW/^2$. Vickers hardness after the heat flux test is performed to see a change in the mechanical properties. The formationof a tungsten carbide and the effect of the titanium interlayer for the diffusion barrier are investigated by using energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS).

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.591-600
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• 2019

Based on the energy-variational principle, a coupling vibration analysis model of high-speed railway simply supported beam bridge-track structure system (HSRBTS) was established by considering the effect of shear deformation. The vibration differential equation and natural boundary conditions of HSRBTS were derived by considering the interlayer slip effect. Then, an analytic calculation method for the natural vibration frequency of this system was obtained. By taking two simply supported beam bridges of high-speed railway of 24 m and 32 m in span as examples, ANSYS and MIDAS finite-element numerical calculation methods were compared with the analytic method established in this paper. The calculation results show that two of them agree well with each other, validating the analytic method reported in this paper. The analytic method established in this study was used to evaluate the natural vibration characteristics of HSRBTS under different interlayer stiffness and length of rails at different subgrade sections. The results show that the vertical interlayer compressive stiffness had a great influence on the high-order natural vibration frequency of HSRBTS, and the effect of longitudinal interlayer slip stiffness on the natural vibration frequency of HSRBTS could be ignored. Under different vertical interlayer stiffness conditions, the subgrade section of HSRBTS has a critical rail length, and the critical length of rail at subgrade section decreases with the increase in vertical interlayer compressive stiffness.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.257-263
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• 2019

Multilayered structures include lamination by relatively thick plies and thin interlayers. For efficient peridynamic analysis of dynamic fracturing multilayered structures, the interlayer is modeled using ghost peridynamic particles while the ply is formulated via real peridynamics. With the nonlocal ghost interlayer, one may keep the discretization resolution low for the ply. In this study, the characteristics of dynamic wave propagation through the nonlocal ghost interlayer in peridynamic analysis are investigated. It is observed that the interlayer not only binds adjacent plies, but also significantly influences energy transfer between plies, and thereby their deformation and motion. In addition, near a surface or boundary, peridynamic particles do not have a full nonlocal neighborhoods. This causes the effective material properties near the surface to be different from those in the bulk. Surface correction based on neighborhood volumes is employed. The impact of surface correction on wave propagation in multilayered structures is investigated.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2011

DLC is considered as the candidate material for application of moving parts in automotive components relatively in high pressure and temperature operating conditions for its high hardness with self lubrication and chemical inertness. The properties of interlayer between the substrate and the DLC film were studied. Arc ion plating method have been employed to deposit onto substrate and sputtering method was used for synthesizing DLC onto interlayer. Among these six types of interlayer, deposited DLC film onto TiCN showed excellent value for characteristics. From the results of analysis for physical properties of DLC films, it seems that the adhesion forces were more important factors than intrinsic mechanical properties such as hardness, roughness and wear resistance of DLC films. AFM(Atomic Force Microscope) was used for understanding roughness of DLC films. Hardnesses of the coating layers were identified by nano-indentation method and adhesions were checked by scratch method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

To improve the sound insulation performance of laminated glass in high speed trains, it is beneficial to study the relationship between the characteristics of interlayer films and the acoustical performance. In addition to those of conventional PVB (polyvinyl butyral), the dynamic mechanical properties of PVB derivatives and PC (polycarbonate), which are candidates for interlayer films, were analyzed. We assumed that PVB-HEMU, which has a glass transition temperature ($T_g$) around room temperature and a large tan ${\delta}$ (loss tangent) value, can be made to damp efficiently. The damping capability was tested utilizing sound transmission loss measurement and simulation under the identical structure of laminated glass in high speed trains. We also built a database for analysis of relations between interlayer film characteristics and acoustical performance; this was followed by the determination of sound transmission loss using the intensity technique and FEA.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.627-634
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• 2018

Laser beam welding is more advantageous compared to conventional methods. Titanium/Aluminium dissimilar alloy thin sheet metals are difficult to weld due to large difference in melting point. The performance of the weldment depends upon interlayer formation and distribution of intermetallics. During welding, aluminium gets lost at the temperature below the melting point of titanium. Therefore, it is needed to improve a new metal joining techniques between these two alloys. The present work is carried for welding TI6AL4V and AA2024 alloy by using Nd:YAG Pulsed laser welding unit. The performance of the butt welded interlayer structures are discussed in detail using hardness test and SEM. Test results reveal that interlayer fracture is caused near aluminium side due to low strength at the weld joint.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.228-234
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• 2002

We report theoretical investigation on the polarization selective coupling characteristics of a side-polished fiber directional coupler with a thin metal interlayer. Based on normal mode theory the coupling properties of the device under various structural conditions are analyzed. It is shown that the coupling strength between TE modes weakens rapidly with increase or metal interlayer thickness, whereas that between TM modes becomes stronger. The design conditions of the polarization splitter using the coupler to achieve high extinction ratio and low insertion loss are presented.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.446-452
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• 2007

[ $(Pb_{1.1},La_{0.08})(Zr_{0.65}.Ti_{0.35})O_3$ ] thin films on the $Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si$, $TiO_2(interlayer)/Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si$ substrate were fabricated by the R.F. magnetron-sputtering method and considered their characteristics depending on $TiO_2$ interlayer. Changing the deposition conditions of $TiO_2$ interlayer, we obtained $TiO_2$ anatase single phase and rutile single phase. PLZT was deposited on these substrates and analyzed by x-ray diffraction(XRD) for there crystallinity and orientation. To investigate $PLZT-TiO_2$, $TiO_2-Pt$ interface, glow discharge spectrometer(GDS) analysis was carried out and we performed electrical measurements for dielectric properties of PLZT thin films. The PLZT thin film on $TiO_2$ anatase interlayer was found to have (110)-preferred orientation and 12.6 ${\mu}C/cm^2$ remaining polarization value.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 2015

In this paper, the effective electron Schottky barrier height (${\Phi}_{Bn}$) of the Ni silicide/n-silicon (100) interface was studied in accordance with different thicknesses of the antimony (Sb) interlayer for high performance n-channel MOSFETs. The Sb interlayers, varying its thickness from 2 nm to 10 nm, were deposited by radio frequency (RF) sputtering on lightly doped n-type Si (100), followed by the in situ deposition of Ni/TiN (15/10 nm). It is found that the sample with a thicker Sb interlayer shows stronger ohmic characteristics than the control sample without the Sb interlayer. These results show that the effective ${\Phi}_{Bn}$ is considerably lowered by the influence of the Sb interlayer. However, the current level difference between Schottky diodes fabricated with Sb/Ni/TiN (8/15/10 nm) and Sb/Ni/TiN (10/15/10 nm) structures is almost same. Therefore, considering the process time and cost, it can be said that the optimal thickness of the Sb interlayer is 8 nm. The effective ${\Phi}_{Bn}$ of 0.076 eV was achieved for the Schottky diode with Sb/Ni/TiN (8/15/10 nm) structure. Therefore, this technology is suitable for high performance n-channel MOSFETs.