• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.48-54
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• 2000

This paper describes the effect of molding pressure, specimen geometries for Mixed Mode I/II interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber reinforced plastic composites by using asymmetrical double cantilever beam(ADCB) specimen. The value of $G_{I/IIC}$ as a function of various molding pressure is almost same at 307, 431, 585 kPa. However it shows the highest value under 307 kPa molding pressure. The effect of $G_{I/IIC}$ due to the change of initial crack length of ADCB specimen was almost negligible in this study. It turns out that the condition for mix mode quasi-static crack growth in ADCB specimen is the ratio of the crack length to that of the specimen, i.e., ${\alpha}/L<0.4$.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 1998.04a
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• pp.205-210
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• 1998

The strength and dimension of recent constructed subway box structures are increased considerably. These increases are resulting in much initial cracks by hydration heat and thermal stress. According to previous studies, decrease of cement amount by using superplasticizer and L/H value is the best way to eliminate hydration heat and stress. The analyses using finite element model were performed. By the result of analysis, the use of superplasticizer and the decrease of the change of longitudinal placing length are proved to be more effective for elimination thermal cracks. By ACI Code, for longitudinal placing length 25 m, the amount of wall temperature reinforcement is always lack despite of concrete mix proportion. With analytical result and the inducing crack joint, the in-site test were performed and the analytical results proved to be effective. However, the inducing crack joint is not effective if it is a small size.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.54-61
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• 1998

This paper examines the crack growth behavior of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy for small tensile overload under high-low block loading condition. The cantilever beam type specimen with a chevron notch is used in this study. The crack growth and closure are investigated by compliance method. The applied initial stress ratios are R=-0.5 R=0.0 and R=0.25 Crack length, effective stress intensity factor range, ratio of effective stress intensity factor range and crack growth rate etc, are inspected with fracture mechanics estimate.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.120-126
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• 1997

This paper examines the crack growth behavior of 7075-T651 aluminum alloy under high-low block loading condition. The cantilever beam type specimen with a chevron notch is used in this study. The crack growth and closure are investgated by compliance method. The applied initial stress ratios are R=-0.5, R=0.0 and R=0.25 Crack length($\alpha$), effective stress intensity factor range(ΔKeff), ratio of effective stress intensity factor range(U) and crack growth rate(d$\alpha$/dN) etc. are inspected fracture mechanics estimate.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.1627-1631
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• 1992

It often occurs in J-R testing that some initial crack extension (.DELTA.a) data points have anomalous negative values. The reason for the apparent negative crack growth is due to the analysis method. The phenomenon as a possible source of error in determining $J_{IC}$ or J-R curve from partial unloading compliance experiments may be eliminated by the compliance correction equation or the offset technique. In this study, the correction methods are suggested and examined by the measurement of the actual crack length and $J_{JC}$ analysis.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.259-276
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• 2018

This paper studies the energies and energy release rate (ERR) for the initially rotationally symmetric compressed (or stretched) in the inward (outward) radial direction of the PZT/Elastic/PZT sandwich circular plate with interface penny-shaped cracks. The investigations are made by utilizing the so-called three-dimensional linearized field equations and relations of electro-elasticity for piezoelectric materials. The quantities related to the initial stress state are determined within the scope of the classical linear theory of piezoelectricity. Mathematical formulation of the corresponding problem and determination of the quantities related to the stress-strain state which appear as a result of the action of the uniformly normal additional opening forces acting on the penny-shaped crack's edges are made within the scope of the aforementioned three-dimensional linearized field equations solution which is obtained with the use of the FEM modelling. Numerical results of the energies and ERR and the influence of the problem parameters on these quantities are presented and discussed for the PZT- 5H/Al/PZT-5H, PZT-4/Al/PZT-4, $BaTiO_3/Al/BaTiO_3$ and PZT-5H/StPZT-5H sandwich plates. In particular, it is established that the magnitude of the influence of the piezoelectricity and initial loading on the ERR increases with crack radius length.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.178-186
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the J-R curve characteristics for the 5083 aluminum alloy weldment by the load ratio analysis. The results of the load ratio analysis are compared with those of the J-R curve which are obtained by the ASTM unloading compliance method. The crack length calculated by the load ratio analysis is agrees well with the measured final crack length. The slope of the exponential J-R curve estimated by the load ratio analysis is slightly smaller than that by the ASTM unloading compliance method. The exponential correlation of the J-R curve for the 5083 aluminum alloy base metal by the load ratio analysis is J = 93.88 ${\Delta}{\alpha}^{0.375}$. That for the weld metal and HAZ is J = 69.87 ${\Delta}{\alpha}^{0.389}$ and J = 70.59 ${\Delta}{\alpha}^{0.359}$ respectively. The J-R curve obtained by the ASTM unloading compliance method is overpredicted and should be offsetted due to the initial negative crack. On the other hand, the load ratio analysis method can evaluate the J-R curve by only load displacement curve without particular crack measurement equipment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.328-336
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• 2004

This paper describes the effect of loading rate, specimen geometries and material properties for ModeⅠ and Mode Ⅱ interlaminar fracture toughness of hybrid composite by using double cantilever beam (DCB) and end notched flexure (ENF) specimen. In the range of loading rate 0.2~20mm/min, there is found to be no significant effect of loading rate with the value of critical energy release rate (Gc).The value of Gc for variation of initial crack length are nearly similar values when material properties are CF/CF and GF/GF, however, the value of Gc are highest with the increasing intial crack length at CF/GF. The SEM photographs show good fiber distribution and interfacial bonding of hybrid composites when the moulding is the CF/GF.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2012

The size-effect study of various fracture parameters obtained from two parameter fracture model, effective crack model, double-K fracture model and double-G fracture model is presented in the paper. Fictitious crack model (FCM) for three-point bend test geometry for cracked concrete beam of laboratory size range 100-400 mm is developed and the different fracture parameters from size effect model, effective crack model, double-K fracture model and double-G fracture model are evaluated using the input data obtained from FCM. In addition, the fracture parameters of two parameter fracture model are obtained using the mathematical coefficients available in literature. From the study it is concluded that the fracture parameters obtained from various nonlinear fracture models including the double-K and double-G fracture models are influenced by the specimen size. These fracture parameters maintain some definite interrelationship depending upon the specimen size and relative size of initial notch length.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.43-58
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• 1975

There are many reports on fatigue crack of metallic materials but most of them relate crack propagation rate to stress intensity factor. The problem of crack propagation is not yet clarified, especially the bridge between micro and macro phenomena In this experiment rotating bending fatigue tests have been carried out with smoothed specimen of rolled steel plates including 0.2% carbon under application of three stress conditions to investigate the slip band and the crack propagation behaviour. The results obtained are as follows; 1) The length of cracks which have grown at initial crack tips can be expressed as follows; $l=Ae^{BNr}$(A,B: constant, $N_r$: cycle ratio) $\frac{dl}{dN}=\frac{AB}{N_f}{\cdot}e^{BNr}$($N_f$:fatigue life) 2) The ratio of slipped grain number to total grain number is $S_f=7{\sigma}-5.6$-5.6{\sigma}_c$($\sigma$: stress amplitude) (${\sigma}_c$: fatigue limit) 3) When the fatigue process transfers from Stage I to Stage II, the crack which propagates into specimen changes its direction from that of the maximum shear stress to the direction of perpendicular to principal stress and this is same in the circumferential direction of specimen. the crack propagation behaviors of both sides of a crack are different each other when they approach to the grain boundary.