• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.247-248
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• 2018

In order to secure the variability of long-life housing, dry walls are used. The composite gypsum board panel is the most frequently used infill system for the wall, and it is an excellent construction method in terms of constructability and economic feasibility. However, there are also problems such as the destruction of Ondol pipes at the bottom floor and being unable to fix the light weight steel frame (M-bar) when a variable composite gypsum board panel is used. To solve such problems, a wall with a method of fixing only the top part without fixing the bottom floor is developed, but it is difficult to identify the durability of ceiling frame according to the tensile force of stud and the safety according to the Stiffness and impact resistance (soft body) of ceiling frame. Therefore, this study verified the effectiveness of infill system for the wall by conducting experiment on the stiffness and impact resistance of composite gypsum board panel according to the reinforcement of ceiling frame (wooden frame, double saw-toothed bracket, Cross M-bar). As a result, it was possible to secure the safety of wooden frame while the impact resistance and the Stiffness of double saw-toothed bracket and cross M-bar were not secured.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1273-1290
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• 2015

JK wall is a shear wall made of lightweight EPS mortar and reinforced with a 3-D galvanized steel mesh, called JK panel, and truss-like stiffeners, called JK stiffeners. Earlier studies have shown that low strength lightweight concrete has the potential to be used in structural elements. In this study, seismic contribution of the JK infill walls surrounded by steel frames is numerically investigated. Adopting a hybrid numerical model, behavior envelop of the wall is derived from the general purpose finite element software, Abaqus. Obtained backbone would be implemented in the professional analytical software, SAP2000, in which through calibrated hysteretic parameters, cyclic behavior of the JK infill can be simulated. Through comparison with earlier experimental results, it turned out that the proposed hybrid modeling can simulate monotonic and cyclic behavior of JK walls with good accuracy. JK infills have a panel-type configuration which their dominant failure mode would be ductile in flexure. Finally technical and economical advantages of the proposed JK infills are assessed for two representative multistory buildings. It is revealed that JK infills can reduce maximum inter-story drifts as well as residual drifts at the expense of minor increase in the developed base shear.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2020

Lightly reinforced concrete (RC) moment frames may suffer significant damage during large earthquake events. Most buildings with RC moment frames were designed without considering seismic loads. The load-displacement response of gravity load designed frames could be altered by masonry infill walls. The objective of this study is to investigate the load-displacement response of gravity load designed frames with masonry infill walls. For this purpose, three-story gravity load designed frames with masonry infill walls were considered. The masonry infilled RC frames demonstrated larger lateral strength and stiffness than bare RC frames, whereas their drift capacity was less than that of bare frames. A specimen with a partial-height infill wall showed the least drift capacity and energy dissipation capacity. This specimen failed in shear, whereas other specimens experienced a relatively ductile failure mode (flexure-shear failure).

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.505-521
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• 2017

The steel plate shear wall with beam-only connected infill plate (SSW-BO) is an innovative lateral load resisting system consisting of infill plates connected to surrounding beams and separated from the main columns. In this research, the effects of perforation diameter as well as slenderness ratios of infill plates on the hysteresis behavior of SSW-BO systems were studied experimentally. Experimental testing is performed on eight one-sixth scaled one-story SSW-BO specimens with two plate thicknesses and four different circular opening ratios at the center of the panels under fully reversed cyclic quasi-static loading in compliance with the SAC test protocol. Strength, stiffness, ductility and energy absorption were evaluated based on the hysteresis loops. It is found that the systems exhibited stable hysteretic behavior during testing until significant damage in the connection of infill plates to surrounding beams at large drifts. It is also seen that pinching occurred in the hysteresis loops, since the hinge type connections were used as boundaries at four corners of surrounding frames. The strength and initial stiffness degradation of the perforated specimens containing opening ratio of 0.36 compared to the solid one is in the range of 20% to 30% and 40% to 50%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.89-90
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to clarify the difference between design and construction conditions based on theory for support (S) and infill (I) distinction and separation in long-life housing, and to search for future direction. To do this, the SI theory is summarized and the construction situation is examined in the demonstration house and the differences and limitations are analyzed. In order to realize SI separation in Korea, it is necessary to set the position of pipe shafts for sewage and drainage, buried in the structure and Ondol layer of the private pipes, buried various wires in the inner wall, and fixing the position of the inner wall.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.361-373
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• 2018

This paper presents the development of finite element (FE) models to simulate the behavior of diagonally stiffened steel plate shear wall systems (SPSWs) with differently shaped openings subjected to a cyclic load. This walling system has the potential to be used for shear elements that resist lateral loads in steel-framed buildings. A number of $\text\tiny{^1/_2}$-scale one-story buildings that were un-stiffened, stiffened and stiffened with opening SPSWs are modeled and simulated using the finite element method based on experimental data from previous research. After validating the finite element (FE) models, the effects of infill plate thickness on the cyclic behavior of steel shear walls are investigated. Furthermore, triple diagonal stiffeners are added to the steel infill plates of the SPSWs, and the effects are studied. Moreover, the effects of a number of differently shaped openings applied to the infill plate are studied. The results indicate that the bearing capacity and shear resistance are affected positively by increasing the infill plate thickness and by adding triple diagonal stiffeners. In addition, the cyclic behavior of SPSWs is improved, even with an opening in the SPSWs.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.167-170
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• 2005

This study aims to develop a detachable 'Infill Components' applicable to open housing. Recently, the need for innovative housing methods is increasing because of the environmental preservation issues and the need for favorable housing stock resulting from the increased housing supply ratio. In order to maintain favorable housing stock, there has to has a to be a shift from typical plans and construction methods for mass production to those with some identity, which may satisfy various needs of dwellers. In this light, the Ramen structure has become popular owing to the growth of remodelling market, and construction companies tend to adopt flexible type multi-family housings to increase sales by appealing to their customers. However, there are few domestic studies on the Infill components for the change of structure. As a result, further studies may have to be based on the case study. The purpose of this research is to provide fundamentals for the development of infill components corresponding to the structural change, especially for the development of partition walls that can be easily moved by dwellers. By reviewing problem of construction, arrangement of the movable partition wall system and door system which has within wring in the first Experimental Open Housing in Korea at KICT(KOHP21), this research provides the fundamentals for developing a movable partition wall acceptable to the dwellers who may want to remodel the interior to meet the needs of themselves.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.101-117
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• 2014

This paper presents a reliability-based analysis on seismic performance of timber-steel hybrid shear wall systems. Such system is composed of steel moment resisting frame and infill wood frame shear wall. The performance criteria of the hybrid system with respect to different seismic hazard levels were determined through a damage assessment process, and the effectiveness of the infill wood shear walls on improving the seismic performance of the hybrid systems was evaluated. Performance curves were obtained by considering different target non-exceedance probabilities, and design charts were further established as a function of seismic weight. Wall drift responses and shear forces in wood-steel bolted connections were used as performance criteria in establishing the performance curves to illustrate the proposed design procedure. It was found that the presence of the infill wood shear walls significantly reduced the non-performance probabilities of the hybrid wall systems. This study provides performance-based seismic evaluations on the timber-steel hybrid shear walls in support of future applications of such hybrid systems in multi-story buildings.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.89 no.5
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• pp.479-489
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• 2024

The cracking mechanism in ceramsite aerated concrete block (CACB) infill walls were studied in low seismic fortification intensity coastal areas with frequent occurrence of typhoons. The inter-story drifts of an eight-story residential building under wind loads and a seismic fortification intensity of six degrees were analyzed by using the PKPM software. The maximum inter-story drift ratio of the structure in wind load was found to be comparable to that under the seismic fortification intensity of six degrees. However, when accounting for the large gust wind speed of typhoon, the maximum inter-story drift ratio was much larger than that obtained under reference wind load. In addition, the finite element models of RC frames were employed by displacement loading to simulate two scenarios with and without window hole in the CACB infill walls, respectively. The simulation results show no signs of cracking in both the infill walls with window hole and those without window for the inter-story drift caused by seismic loads and the reference wind load. However, both types of infill walls experienced structural creaking when assessing the gust wind pressure recorded from previous typhoon monitoring. It is concluded that an underestimate of wind loads may contribute substantially to the cracking of frame CACB infill walls in low seismic fortification intensity coastal areas. Consequently, it is imperative to adopt wind pressure values derived from gust wind speeds in the design of CACB infill walls within frame structures. Finally, the future research directions of avoiding cracks in CACB filled walls were proposed. They were the material performance improving and building structure optimizing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2007

In this study, we performed an investigation on the variations in the structural capacity of steel plate walls with various infill plate details. Five three-story plate walls with thin web plates were tested. Parameters for the test specimens were the connection details between the moment frame and infill plates, such as weld and bolt connections, the location and length of weld connection, and coupling wall. Regardless of the details of infilled steel plate, the steel plate wall specimens showed excellent initial stiffness, strength, and energy dissipation capacity. However, the wall with bolt-connected infill plates showed slightly low deformation capacity. This result showed that for workability and cost efficiency,various wall details can be used in practice without causing a significant decrease in the structural capacity of steel plate walls. A method for making projections on strength and energy dissipation capacity of steel plate wall specimens with various details was developed.