• 대한수의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1977

Parasites of wild animals are closely related with parasites of domestic animals. Wild animals take charge of an important role at parasitic infestation of domestic animals because of unrestrained movement. The authors carried out the work of actual condition of parasitic infestation on wild animals, total 1,014 cases, in the Korean Zoo. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Total rate of parasitic infestation was 36.1% with infestation of 366 among 1,014 cases. The rate of single infestation was 32.6% with infestation of 331 cases, double infestation 3.1% with 31 cases, triple infestation 0.2% with 2 cases and quadrople infestation 0.2% with 2 cases. 2. The parasites on the zoo animals were identified as follows: Lion: Sarcoptiform, Toxocara sp., Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostoma sp. and Isospora spp. Puma: Toxocara sp., Ancylostoma sp. and Isospora sp. Leopard: Toxocara spp., Ancylostoma sp., Trichuris sp., Dibothriocephalus sp. and Physaloptera sp. Wolf: Sarcoptiform and Dibothriocephalus spp. Fox: Trichuris sp., Capillaria aerophila, Spirocerca sp., Paragonimas kellicotti. Jackal: Sarcoptiform, Ascaris sp. and Echinococcus granulosus. Wild Cat: Dibothriocephalus sp. Tiger: Toxascaris leonina. Bear: Sarcoptiform, Metastrongylus apri, Ancylostoma sp. and Ascaris sp. Raccoon and Raccoon dog: Sarcoptiform, Paragonimus kelliotti, and Isospora sp. Boar: Oesophagostomum spp. and Eimeria spp. Mortkey: Sarcoptiform, Trichuris sp., Physaloptera spp.. Enterobius sp. and Isospora sp. Elephant: Sarcoptiform, Strongyloides sp. and Strongylus spp. Deer: Sarcoptiform, Strongyloides sp., Trichuris ovis, Mccistocirrus digitatus, Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum radiatum, Paramphistornum spp., Bunostomum phlebotomum, Fasciola hepatica and Eimeria spp. Bison: Sarcoptiform, Haernonchus sp., Marshallagia sp., Nematodirus sp. and Eimeria sp. Zebra: Strongylus sp. and Parascaris equorum. Goral and Barbary: Sarcoptiform, Haemonchus sp., Oesophagostomum venulosum, Moniezia sp. and Eimeria spp. Lama: Strongyloides sp. and Haemonchus sp. Kangaroo: Strongyloides sp. and Haemonchus sp. Camel: Strongyloides sp., Trichuris ovis and Eimeria sp. Peacock and the Other Birds: Sarcoptiform, Capillaria contorta, Capillaria caudinflata, Ascaridia spp., Heterakis spp., Hymenolepis sp., Eimeria spp., Histomonas, Ornithionyssus bacoti, Macrochelidae and Trichomonas. 3. Among the zoo animals, wild carnivora were infestated with the parasites which are common parasites of dogs and cats, wild herbivora were infestated with the parasites of herbivora domestic animals. and wild fowls were infestated with the parasites of domestic fowls.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.271-276
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• 1989

우리 나라 대도시와 농촌 지역 어린이의 머릿니 감염 실대를 알아보기 위하여 1988년 5일 부터 1989년 10월까지 서을 시내 8개 지역, 장승포시 및 농촌 지역 8군데 등 총 17개 지역 내에 소 재한 28개소의 유치원, 국민학교 및 중학교에 재학중인 어린이에 대하여 머릿니 감염 여부를 조사 하였다. 총 피검자 11,865명 중 2,900명이 감염되어 평균 감염률은 24.4%이었으며, 도시 지역보다 농촌 지역 아동의 머릿니 감염률이 월등히 높았다. 유치원 연령을 제외한 모든 연령에서 남자보다 여자의 감염률이 높았으며, 머릿니의 감염률이 가장 높은 연령은 9∼12세(국민학교 3∼6학년)이었다. 앞으로 머릿니 구제를 위한 보건 교육 및 집단 관리 대책이 조속히 마련되어야 할 것으로 판단 된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.141-143
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• 1984

The head louse infestation had been no problem since 1960s in Korea. However, the present study revealed high infestation rate among the primary school children in Seosan-gun, Chungnam Province in July 1983. The cases of louse positive were determined by identifying the adult worms and/or their llits on scalp and hairs. The overall louse positive rate among 615 children examined was 73.5%. The rate was higher in girls (78.8%) than in boys (67.6%) and was highest in 3rd-4th school grades. It was observed that the more the number of family members the higher the infestation rate of children. The positive children were treated with 20% benzyl benzoate solution after the teat for louscidal effect in petri dish. However, establishment of intensive control measure is needed to prevent further infestation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.145-149
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• 2010

Medically important arthropods, including fleas, play an important role in causing clinical disorders and disease in man and domestic animals. This study was conducted to determine the seasonal flea infestations for domestic dogs from different geographic regions of Iran. A total of 407 fleas, belonging to 5 different species, were recovered from 83 domestic dogs from 3 regions. There was a distinctive pattern of species distribution and infestations with the highest infestation rates observed in a temperate climate and higher rainfall. Additionally, fleas were observed over all seasons, except February and March, with the highest infestation rate observed in August (24.7%) and the lowest rate in January (1.7%). They also parasitize dogs with a different spectrum of species. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis (67.5%), exhibited the highest prevalence among all flea species found on dogs. Thus, climatic conditions and seasonal patterns impact on flea infestation and must be considered in developing control programs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.439-443
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• 1997

A total of 135 freshwater fish samples (Oreochromis spp. <85> and Clarias lazera <50>) were collected from different localities (shops and fish markets) in Alexandria Province-Egypt and examined for the presence of parasitic larval stages. The obtained data found the overall mean of the infestation with encysted metacercariae was 71.1% in the examined fish. The rates of infestation with encysted metacercariae were 72.9% and 68.0% in the examined Oreochromis spp. and Clarias lazera, respectively. The highest prevalence of the encysted metacercariae was found in summer (81.8%) in case of Oreochromis spp. and in winter (92.3%) in case of Clarias lazera, all these seasonal differences are statistically significant. The rate of infestation of encysted metacercariae in the anterior third, middle third and posterior third of Oreochromis spp. was found to be 82.3%, 74.2% and 95.2%, respectively, while 88.2%, 88.2% and 91.2%, respectively, in Clarias lazera. Moreover, the rate of infestation of encysted metacercariae in eyes, gills, liver, kidney and branchial cavity of Oreochromis spp. was 91.9%, 70.9%, 20.9%, 46.8% and 32.2%, respectively. In Clarias lazera the infestation rate was found to be 47.1%, 70.6%, 8.8% and 38.2% in the gills, liver, spleen and kidney, respectively. The zoonotic and public health importance of the encysted metacercariae are causes severe visceral pain, abdominal discomfort, intermittent bloody diarrhoea and colic after consumption of inadequately cooked fish especially Tilapia spp. (Oreochromis spp.).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.858-860
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• 2011

Production of biosurfactant can be substantially increased by the addition of precursors like vegetable oils, petroleum products, and other water-insoluble substances. Pseudomonas Ptm+ strain produces biosurfactant in the presence of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), which specifically emulsifies HCH, a recalcitrant organochlorine pesticide. Addition of previously produced crude biosurfactant by the same organism as a precursor instead of HCH increased production of biosurfactants with a decrease in the total fermentation time from 32 to 24 h. The main objective of this paper was to find alternatives for HCH as an inducer.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.36-40
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• 1995

In the past, parasitic diseases were a major problem in public health in Korea. In recent years, however, nematodiasis that used be prevalent are no longer a serious problem. Instead some cestodiasis, particularly cysticercosis and sparganosis have become comparatively more important in recent years. Parasitic infestation of soft tissue is presented as a subcutaneous nodule or mass with nonspecific clinical manifestations. We experienced 4 cases of parasitic infestation in the soft tissue diagnosed by fine needle aspiration (FNA). Three out of four cases were histologically confirmed, two out of four cases were cysticercosis and one case was confirmed as sparganosis. FNA may be useful in providing a diagnosis in cases of parasitic infestation.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2000

Soil samples were collected in thirteen Manitoba boreal forest sites. Spatial distribution of chytrids from diverse boreal forest microhabitats was investigated by baiting with jack pine pollen. After baiting, the pollen was surveyed for chytrids for 8 ten day period and individual species were counted. Total infestations of pollen by chytrids ranged from 5.8% to 90.2% from various soils. Each site with high infestation was characterized by litter with high needle content while mineral soil or soil with limited organic matter yielded low levels of pollen infestation. Species diversity tended to be higher in soils with higher pollen infestation and lower in soils with lower pollen infestation. Lower diversity was generally observed in mineral soils or soils with a limited organic horizon comprised, in part, of broad leaf litter. Based on coefficients of association and species in common among species across the collection sites, it was possible to relate dominant species assemblages in site groups. These species assemblages in the site groups suggest that the chytrids are distributed by litter and soil types. It can be concluded that the substratum characteristics of litter types and availability of litter may be important in describing chytrid distribution in boreal forest sites.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.267-278
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• 1996

국내산 개에서의 Cheyletiella 좀진드기에 의한 피부염 1례를 보고한다. 환견은 3년생 Whippet 종 암컷으로서 자동차사고로 인해 좌측견갑골의 복합골절 및 전위가 일어나 입원하였다. 입원한 직후 실시한 전신검사에서 좀진드기에 의한 피부염은 관찰되지 않았다. 환견은 두 차례에 걸친 골절부위의 골접합수술을 받았으며 입원한 두 달 동안 매일 항생제와 prednisolone요법을 받았다. 입원한지 두 달 후 좌측견갑골 부위의 피부에 소양성 피부염이 발생하였으며 특히 등 및 목부위에 다량의 인설이 관찰되었다. 약 2-5 mm 정도 두께의 인설층이 목 및 등의 피모 기저부에 형성되어 있었으며 인설과 피부소파 내용물을 검경한 결과. 기생 좀진드기 두부의 palpi 끝에 존재하는 뚜렷한 한쌍의 후크와 genu I에 존재하는 심장모양의 감각기관을 특징으로 하는 Cheyletiella yasguri의 중감염이 확인되었다. 자견에서 주로 관찰되는 것으로 보고된 임상증세의 발현이 3년생의 성견에서 관찰된 이유로는 두 달간의 집중적인 항염증제의 투여로 인한 면역억압의 결과라 생각되었다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.689-696
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• 2003

Canine sarcoptic mite (Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis) burrow usually in the stratum corneum of the skin of dogs and rabbits. Antigens from the burrowing mites induce cutaneous inflammatory reaction and humoral and cell-mediated immune response in the host. The effect of immunization induced by somatic antigens of house dust mite (Dermatophagoides spp.) has been evaluated to control the canine sarcoptic mite in this experiment. Twelve common antigens (187, 142, 126, 120, 109, 92, 80, 68, 51, 30, 25, 17 kDa) were found using SDS-PAGE with silver staining and Western blot between canine sarcoptic mite and house dust mite. In order to evaluate the immunologic effect of these common antigens 10 New Zealand white rabbits were divided as 4 groups such as negative control (group I), positive challenged control (group II), vaccinated (group III), and vaccinated-challenged (group IV) groups. Group II was artificially infested with about 1,000 canine sarcoptic mites and group III and IV were immunized with somatic antigens of house dust mite. In addition group IV was artificially infested with about 1,000 canine sarcoptic mites and group II, IV were treated with ivermectin. At the 8 weeks of the vaccination with common antigen, the antibody titers of all groups of II, III and IV had been increased. Both infestation score and live canine sarcoptic mite counts of group IV were lower than group III. Infestation score of group II become 0 by 2 weeks and group IV by 4 weeks after infestation. These results suggest that house dust mite, which is easy to culture in vitro, can be a vaccine candidate for protection of canine sarcoptic mite infestation.