• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.94-94
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• 1997

The objective of this study was to generate and characterize monoclonal antibodies against rat airway mucins, and therefore, should serve as a useful tool in studying the regulation of airway mucins using various in vivo rat models that are currently available. As an antigen, we used a high molecular mass mucin preparation purified from the spent media of rat tracheal surface epithelial cells in primary culture. Seven hybridomas were obtained which secrete monoclonal antibodies against the rat mucin among which mAbRT03 showed the highest immunoreactivity against the mucin based on ELISA. All of the antibodies secreted by these hybridomas recognized carbohydrate epitopes but not sialic acid residues since their immunoreactivity was completely abolished by treatment of the mucin with 20 mM periodate but not with neuraminidase. Further characterization of mAbRT03 showed that: (1) it belongs to the IgM type, (2) it binds to high molecular mass mucins based on both Western blot analysis and indirect immunoprecipitation, (3) it binds to the luminal side of tracheal epithelium as well as some goblet cells based on immunohistochemistry, and (4) it also recognizes in vive airway mucins from rats but not from human nor hamsters which have been purified from the airway lavage fluids. This is the first anti-rat airway mucin monoclonal antibody which has been developed against purified rat airway mucins. Therefore, mAbRT03 should be able to serve as an invaluable tool in studying the regulation of airway mucins using various intact rat models that are currently available.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.463-469
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of chewing gum containing Prunus mume extract(PME) on the change of saliva ingredients. On the basis of the biological background of molecules and diagnostic indices in the use of saliva, the mastication effect of chewing gum containing PME was demonstrated in terms of secretory IgA concentration and total protein concentration in stimulated saliva. Methods: This study is an experimental research on the use of a research design before and after applying a randomized control group. Participants were distributed randomly to the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The experiment group was instructed to masticate the chewing gum containing PME for 10 minutes for one month after each meal within 30 minutes. Salivary secretion was collected by the participants between 8 and 10 a.m in the morning in the research office. For the measurement of secretory IgA and total protein concentrations in the saliva, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used. Results: The salivation stimulation rate was significantly increased after four weeks of masticating chewing gum containing PME after each meal(p<0.001). Mastication of chewing gum containing PME for four weeks decreased the concentration of secretory IgA much more significantly than that after mastication for one week(p=0.003). The concentration of total protein in the saliva was decreased after four weeks in the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: Mastication of chewing gum containing PME stimulated salivary secretion and led to oral disease prevention in patients with xerostomia. Furthermore, it seems to be urgent to seek measures that can be utilized in intervention for patients with xerostomia.

• 생약학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2008

An 80% EtOH extract and the solvent fractions of the seeds of Cornus officinalis were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation and AGEs-induced protein cross-linking in vitro. In vitro assay for AGEs-bovine serum albumin (BSA) formation showed that the 80% EtOH extract, n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions significantly inhibited AGEs formation with observed $IC_{50}$ values of 1.13, 17.64, 1.52, 1.24 and $3.27{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In indirect AGEs-ELISA assay, the 800% EtOH extract, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions exhibited more potent inhibitory activity on AGEs-BSA formation than aminoguanidine, a well know AGEs inhibitor. Furthermore, the 80% EtOH extract and all the solvent fractions inhibited concentration-dependently AGE-BSA cross-linking to collagen. The 80% EtOH extract, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions also had a breaking activity against preformed AGE-BSA cross-linking concentration dependently. Thus these results suggest that the 80% EtOH extract and fractions of the seeds of C. officinalis could be an inhibitor as well as breaker of AGE-BSA cross-linking.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

The aim of this cross sectional case control study was to examine the serofrequency and serointensity of Toxoplasma gondii (Tg) IgG, IgM, and DNA among patients with schizophrenia. A total of 101 patients with schizophrenia and 55 healthy controls from Sungai Buloh Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia and University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) were included in this study. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was made based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). The presence of Tg infection was examined using both indirect (ELISA) and direct (quantitative real-time PCR) detection methods by measuring Tg IgG and IgM and DNA, respectively. The serofrequency of Tg IgG antibodies (51.5%, 52/101) and DNA (32.67%, 33/101) among patients with schizophrenia was significantly higher than IgG (18.2%, 10/55) and DNA (3.64%, 2/55) of the controls (IgG, P=0.000, OD=4.8, CI=2.2-10.5; DNA, P=0.000, OD=12.9, CI=2.17-10.51). However, the Tg IgM antibody between patients with schizophrenia and controls was not significant (P>0.005). There was no significant difference (P>0.005) in both serointensity of Tg IgG and DNA between patients with schizophrenia and controls. These findings have further demonstrated the strong association between the active Tg infection and schizophrenia.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.457-463
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• 2016

The goal of this work was to investigate the correlations between MyHC mRNA transcription and their corresponding protein expressions in porcine longissimus muscle (LM) during postnatal growth of pigs. Five DLY ($Duroc{\times}Landrace{\times}Yorkshire$) crossbred pigs were selected, slaughtered and sampled at postnatal 7, 30, 60, 120, and 180 days, respectively. Each muscle was subjected to quantity MyHCs protein contents through an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to quantity myosin heavy-chains (MyHCs) mRNA abundances using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We calculated the proportion (%) of each MyHC to total of four MyHC for two levels, respectively. Moreover, the activities of several key energy metabolism enzymes were determined in LM. The result showed that mRNA transcription and protein expression of MyHC I, IIa, IIx and IIb in LM all presented some obvious changes with postnatal aging of pigs, especially at the early stage after birth, and their mRNA transcriptions were easy to be influenced than their protein expressions. The relative proportion of each MyHC mRNA was significantly positively related to that of its corresponding protein (p<0.01), and MyHC I mRNA proportion was positively correlated with creatine kinase (CK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities (p<0.05). These data suggested that MyHC mRNA transcription can be used to reflect MyHC expression, metabolism property and adaptive plasticity of porcine skeletal muscles, and MyHC mRNA composition could be a molecular index reflecting muscle fiber type characteristics.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2013

Trichoderma asperellum SKT-1 is a microbial pesticide that is very effective against various diseases. Our study was undertaken to evaluate T. asperellum SKT-1 for induction of resistance against yellow strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-Y) in Arabidopsis plants. Disease severity was rated at 2 weeks post inoculation (WPI). CMV titre in Arabidopsis leaves was determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at 2 WPI. Our results demonstrated that among all Arabidopsis plants treated with barley grain inoculum (BGI) of SKT-1 NahG and npr1 plants showed no significant reduction in disease severity and CMV titre as compared with control plants. In contrast, disease severity and CMV titre were significantly reduced in all Arabidopsis plants treated with culture filtrate (CF) of SKT-1 as compared with control plants. RT-PCR results showed increased expression levels of SA-inducible genes, but not JA/ET-inducible genes, in leaves of BGI treated plants. Moreover, expression levels of SA- and JA/ET-inducible genes were increased in leaves of CF treated plants. In conclusion, BGI treatment induced systemic resistance against CMV through SA signaling cascade in Arabidopsis plants. While, treatment with CF of SKT-1 mediated the expression of a majority of the various pathogen related genes, which led to the increased defense mechanism against CMV infection.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.17-28
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• 1989

Having studied the production of monoclonal antibodies for developing a diagnosis medicine which shall be detected by a high-sensitivity test by using Rhodotorula rubra as a fungi-host which had been extracted through biochemical tests and follow-up examinations on Yeast-like fungi obtained from pulmonary tissues of pulmonary tuberculosis patients who had been in Kong ju National Tuberculosis Hospital from Jun. to Dec. in 1987, I. have gained such results as follows: 1. The fusion rate was influenced by feeder cell layers, cell density and time required to the cell fusion with cells in myelona subculture. 2. The fusion rate did not show any significant difference when the cell was applyed with two molecular weights, i.e., 1500 and 4000, of polyethylene glycol. 3. Fused cells after the addition of HAT selection media were bright and round, whereas unfused myelona cells and spleen cells were shrunk and granulated. 4. The cell fusion rate turned out to be about $57.2\%$(150 wells / 264 wells). 5. $10\%$(15 wells / 150 wells) of the positive reaction was detected in monoclonal antibody screening. 6. The titer which had reacted positively to Rhodotorula rubra fungal-host was 800 times in density after the gradual dilution of the produced monoclonal antibodies with Indirect ELISA method. 7. The Strongest specific reaction came out after the peroxidase labelled anti-human Immunogobulin had been applyed to Rhodotorula rubra for activating its nature after making drift with Carbonate-bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.6) and drying completely.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1011-1017
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• 2007

Saeujeot (salted and fermented shrimp) and kimchi are traditional Korean fermented foods. Even though shrimp have often induced severe allergic reactions in sensitized individuals, few studies have investigated the allergenicity of shrimp. The aim of this study was to observe the changes of pH and allergenicity of raw shrimp (Acetes japonicus) and saeujeot in cabbage kimchi during fermentation using competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Ci-ELISA). Fermentation was carried out at different temperatures (25, 15, and $5^{\circ}C$). The pH of cabbage kimchi added with raw shrimp or saeujeot slowly decreased at lower temperature ($5^{\circ}C$) at the end stage of the fermentation process. The binding ability of serum obtained from patients allergic to raw shrimp against shrimp tropomyosin and saeujeot in kimchi rapidly decreased during longer fermentation periods and higher temperature ($25^{\circ}C$). In conclusion, the allergenicity of both raw shrimp and saeujeot in kimchi decreased during fermentation but the decrease in allergenicity of saeujeot was greater than observed for raw shrimp.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1413-1431
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• 2002

For the development of immunodetection method of 4,4'-dichlorodipheny-2,2,2-trichloroethane (p,p'-DDT), a persistent and broad toxic organochlorine insecticide, various DDT derivatives were synthesized and characterized for the use of immunogens and the coating ligands for the antibody evaluation. The appropriate lengths of linkers were introduced to investigate more efficient DDT derivatives. Among these hapten derivatives, 2,2-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)acetic acid (DDA), 5,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-5-hydroxypentanoic acid (DDHP) and 5,5-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-5-chloropentanoic acid (DDCP) were conjugated with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) for the use of immunogen to produce antibodies. 6,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-6-hydroxyhexanoic acid (DDHH) and 3-[6,6-Bis(4-chlorophenyl)-6-hydroxyhexanoylamino]propanoic acid (DDHHAP) in addition to above hapten derivatives were conjugated to ovualbumin (OVA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) for the use of coating ligands to measure the titration level of antibody and the displacement of free analytes. Three matching pairs of antibodies and coating ligands were selected for the simultaneous detection of p,p'-DDT and its related compounds of DDA and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) by investingating the displacement of free analytes in an indirect ELISA. These were PAb #1 and coating ligand DDCP-OVA, PAb #1 and DDHHAP-OVA, and PAb #3 and DDHHAP-OVA. The most useful immunoreaction for DDT analytes were obtained using PAb #3 and coating ligand DDHHAP-OVA showing 3.4 ng/mL of lower limit of detection. These results indicated that titration level and free analytes displacement were greatly influenced by hapten derivatized and carrier proteins conjugated.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) in suckling piglets by oral administration of IgY. Twenty piglets were divided into two groups with the same number: group I (treated with IgY) and group II (not treated). Group I was administerd orally with IgY for three days from one-day-old and experimentally challenged with PEDV and TGEV at four-day-old. The other was administered with saline solution and challenged with PEDV and TGEV at four-day-old. Serum antibody titers against PEDV and TGEV were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the detection of PEDV or TGEV antigen from feces and small intestines was performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA). The antibody titers of the group I was higher than that of the other, and lasted at the end of experiment. In the detection tests of both virus from feces and small intestine, the rate of the group I was lower. Based on these results, oral administration of IgY may be effective to prevent the diarrhea caused by PEDV and TGEV.