• 한국조리학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.307-323
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• 2009

조사대상자의 일반적인 특성과 외식 행동 특성은 빈도(N)와 백분율(%)로 나타내었으며, 조사대 상자의 일반적 특성에 따른 인식에 관한 차이를 알아보기 위해 $x^2$-검정을 실시하여 유의성을 검정하였고, 메뉴 선택행동은 요인분석(Factor analysis)을 실시하였으며, 메뉴 선택 요인과 일반적인 특성과의 차이(t-test & ANOVA)를 검정하였고, 건강지향도과 만족도와의 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression analysis)을 실시하였다. 인구통계적 변인들과 메뉴 선택 행동의 차이는 대체로 연령, 학력, 소득 수준이 높을수록 평균이 높게 나타나 웰빙 메뉴 선택 행동에 높은 관여를 보이는 것으로 조사되었으며, 메뉴 선택 행동이 건강지향성과 만족도에 미치는 영향에 관한 회귀분석결과 식생활 습관성은 건강지향성과 만족도에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 외식기업들은 이러한 집단을 마케팅 목표로 설정하여 그에 맞는 메뉴 개발 및 업체의 컨셉을 정하여 판매 촉진을 개선시키는 것이 바람직하다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권9호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1999

The object of this study is to find new evaluation index for in-cylinder flow chracteristics istead of current swirl, tumble coefficient using steady flow test rig on intake port system. To this end, port flow system. To this end, port flow rig test was conducted on DOHC head varying intake valve lift respectively. Finally combination angular coefficient and inclination angle were introduced as new evaluation index for in-cylinder angularflow characteristics instead of swirl and tumble coefficient.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제7권8호
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• pp.76-82
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• 1999

The object of this study is to find new evalution index for in-cylinder flow characteristics insteady of current swirl, tumble coefficient using steady flow test rig on intake port system. To this end, port flow rig test was conducted on DOHC head varying intake valve lift respectively. Finally combination angular coefficient and inclination angle were introduced as new evaluation index for in-cylinder angular flow characteristics.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.71-84
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• 1997

The Purpose of this study is to estimate how inclination to move can be appeared by understanding the cognition of a resident on stress due to the residential environment. 240 housewives living in Chiniu were Questioned statistical analysis were used with factor analysis, F-test. Duncan's Multiple range analysis, stepwise regression analysis and stepwise discriminant analysis, The result were summarized as follows 1) The stress of residential environment were clissified by six factors indoor facility, educational environmental. indoor structure, air Pollution noise, traffic convenience. 2) The extent of a stress from residential environment was significantly different in the socio-demographic variable and housing-related variable. 3) The stress of residential environment were affected by the direction of house. 4) The variable discriminating inclination to move were the stress of residential environment(air Pollution). an educational level, the type of housing possession, residential Period and the size of house.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2010

The film boiling heat transfer was experimentally investigated for the water sprays impacting on an inclined hot surface. Full cone spray nozzles were employed for the spray cooling experiment, and experiments were made for different inclination angles of $\theta=0^{\circ}$, $15^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$. The experimental results show that, in the downstream region of the inclined hot surface, increasing the inclination angle increases the local heat flux slowly because of increasing the number of rebound droplets. However, the inclination angle of heat transfer surface had no remarkable effect on the local heat flux of spray cooling under the present test conditions.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.320-327
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• 2002

An experimental study of heat transfer from hot flat surface to water sprays was conducted in high temperature region. Heat transfer measurements for hot flat surface were made by 4 sheathed C-A thermocouples. Droplets volume flux were also measured-independently at a position in spray field. The test conditions included variations in droplets volume flux, subcooling of cooling water of $1.565\times10^{-3} to 14.089\times10^{-3}m^3/m^2s and 80 to $20^{\circ}C$ respectively. The effects of inclination angle on heat transfer were investigated and changes in inclination angle of hot flat surface affected heat transfer coefficients of high temperature region.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표회요약집
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• pp.155-155
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• 1999

Pool boiling critical heat flux (CHF) have been investigated using plate type test sections with different widths (3 cm & 4 cm) and lengths (10 cm, IS cm & 20 cm) under various incli- nation angles. As the inclination angle increases from $0^{\circ}$ (horizontally facing downward plate) to $30^{\circ}$, CHF sharply increases. After that angle, CHF gradually increases with the increase of the inclination angle. There must be a transition angle between $0^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}$, at which the CHF increase rate remarkably changes. According to the comparison of present and previous ex- periments, the transition angle may be affected by heater size and increase with the increase of heater size. The size effect of heated surface on CHF is noticeable in the L15 & L20 series and W4 series; however, it seems to be difficult to find the size effect in L10 series and W3 series.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.626-630
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• 2005

This paper presents a novel Intelligent-Welding-Carriage (IWC) for automation of curved block in shipbuilding. The curved block is usually used in both front and back side of the ship. In curved block root gap is big, $1{\sim}7$ [mm] and inclination, $0{\sim}30$ [deg]. Since available conventional carriage type is limited to use below root gap of 3 [mm], only manual welding is employed in curved block. To adopt an IWC in curved block, it requires control of the welding conditions, i.e., voltage, current and travel speed, with respect to root gap and inclination to achieve good welding quality. In this paper, an IWC is developed for automization of welding operation to accommodate gap and inclination. Kinematics model and dynamics using Lagrangian formulation of the manipulator is introduced. IWC utilizes a database to perform accurate welding. The database is programmed based on numerous experimental test results with respect to gap, inclination, material, travel speed, weaving condition, voltage, and current. Finally, experimental result using PID control is addressed for verify the trajectory tracking accuracy of end-effector.

• 대한조선학회 특별논문집
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• 대한조선학회 2005년도 특별논문집
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

This paper presents a novel Intelligent-Welding-Carriage (IWC) for automation of curved block in shipbuilding. The curved block is usually used in both front and back side of the ship. In curved block root gap is big, 1-7 (mm) and inclination, 0-30 (deg). Since available conventional carriage type is limited to use below root gap of 3 (mm), only manual welding is employed in curved block. To adopt an IWC in curved block, it requires control of the welding conditions, i.e., voltage. current, weaving speed, dwell time and travel speed, with respect to root gap and inclination to achieve good welding qualify. In this paper, an IWC is developed for automization of welding operation to accommodate gap and inclination. Kinematics model and dynamics using Lagrangian formulation of the manipulator is introduced. IWC utilizes a database to perform accurate welding. The database is programmed based on numerous experimental test results with respect to gap, inclination, material, travel speed, weaving condition, voltage, and current. Finally, experimental result using PID control is addressed for verifying the trajectory tracking accuracy of end-effector.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to generate 3-D occlusal curvatures and evaluate the relationship between the occlusal curvatures and mandibular occlusal morphology factors. Methods: Mandibular dental casts from 25 young adult Korean were scanned as a virtual dental models with a 3-D scanner(Scanner S600, Zirkonzahn, Italy). The curve of Spee, curve of Wilson, and Monson's sphere were generated by fitting a circle/sphere to the cusp tips using a least-squares method. The mandibular mesiodistal cusp inclination, buccolingual cusp inclination, and tooth wear parameters were measured on the prepared virtual models using RapidForm2004(INUS technology INC, Seoul, Korea). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to test side difference, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were investigated to verify the correlation between occlusal curvatures and correlated factors (a=0.05). Results: The mean radii of curve of Spee were $83.09{\pm}33.94$ in the left side and $79.00{\pm}28.12mm$ in the right side. The mean radii of curve of Wilson were $66.82{\pm}15.87mm$ in the mesial side and $47.87{\pm}9.40mm$ in the distal side with significantly difference between mesiodistal sides(p<0.001). The mean radius of Monson's sphere was $121.85{\pm}47.11mm$. Most of the cusp inclination parameters showed negative correlation for the radius of Monson' sphere(p<0.05). Especially, the buccolingual cusp inclinations in mesial side of molar showed high correlation coefficients among the factors(p<0.05). Conclusion: The radius of Monson's sphere was greater than the classical 4-inch values, and the buccolingual cusp inclinations in mesial side of molar can be considered as one of the main factors correlating with the radius of Monson's sphere.