• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.7-20
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• 2011

In this research, the changes of spaces on Namsan-Park and of the meaning of the park from the late 1900s through the early 1908s are analyzed, and the results are provided as follows. To begin with, inserting a concept of park to Namsan provided people with limitation in understanding definition of park, which indicated finite and constrained space, so that it distracted people from using spaces on Namsan. At that time, since the park was considered as one of key factors to establish Modern city, it was distinguished to the urban structure which had existed. After then, Joseon shrine, settled in Hanyang-Park, absorbed in functions of the park, so that the term of Hanyang-Park meant an area around the shrine or a boundary of the space. In addition, the particularity of Joseon shrine sometimes discouraged people from using the park spaces as well as spaces on the shrine, which led to decline the publicity of the park. However, Joseon shrine was correlated and planned with infrastructures of the city, Kyeongsung, not only physically but also visually in that Joseon shrine played role in one of components in Kyeongsung performed as an entertaining city such as a theme park. Lastly, Seoul is no longer subordinated and dependent city but has dramatically changed as a prominent city after regaining of independence in 1945. This indicates that the entertaining function of the old city was dismantled or reduced or transferred to public spaces, especially Namsan-Park. Consequently Namsan-Park has diverse and complex characteristics like traits of Kyeongsung, playing a pivotal role in providing cultural spaces, and its spatial organization is divided and planned based on various facilities and buildings on the park. This organization has a negative effect on the city and the park by decreasing in connectivity between them.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.158-167
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• 2013

The cotton fabric armour for lower class soldiers can be found from the historical records of the mid-Joseon Korea. And the records show that the form and the structure of the armour was modified in the late 19th century in order to provide better protection from gunshots for the soldiers in the midst of the invasions from the West. This is a survey and research of the only artifact of the cotton fabric armour remaining in Korea - for its form, dimensions, and design. Using the historical records as reference, we can confirm the structure and characteristics of the cotton fabric armour of the Joseon period. This cotton fabric armour, preserved in National Museum of Korea, is a vest-type armour made of 30 layers of cotton. On the right shoulder, there is a button for tying knots and strings were tied under both armpits. On the surface of the cotton fabric armour there were some characters and patterns stamped in black. Presently, this artifact in Korea is the only specimen relic of its sort, but there are some other related relics in foreign countries including helmets and belts. Continuous researches would help extend the scope of armour study beyond the traditional researches that only focuses on the armours of the officials, thus helping us to understand the military costumes in traditional Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2014

The medical bureaucrats was awarded by Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer were 376 peoples in the Joseon Dynasty. It was not done research on this is accurate so far. Why did they get Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer? I have found a general rule of the investiture through review of the nokhundogamuigwe (錄勳都監儀軌). The Sillok(實錄) and other materials were used as an adjunct in the investigation. Through the analysis of this medical bureaucrats, This study aims to investigate the change in the social status of the Joseon Dynasty's medical officials. The conclusion of this paper is as follows. First, the social status of medical bureaucrat was similar to that of yangban (兩班) in early days of Joseon Dynasty compared with mid or late days of Joseon Dynasty. Second, bastard households are concentrated in the second half of the 16th century to the early 17th century to advance to the medical officials. Third, acupuncture doctors increased social status by the mid-Joseon Dynasty. Fourth, statutes about Wonjong (原從) meritorious retainer was raising the social status of medical bureaucrat compared to other technical officials.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.4-21
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the names and types of walls constructed in the late Joseon Dynasty in YeonggeonUigwe, a record of construction works of the Joseon Dynasty, and to examine the current status and name of walls constructed in the main hall and the Yeongnyeongjeon Hall of Jongmyo Shrine. The results of the study are as follows. First, the name of the wall can be divided into four types depending on the characteristics, including direction, location, shape, function, material, and complexity, and was used as a compound word in front of the wall. Second, some of the wall types related to the material were found to have differences in the timing of theypes of walls. Since the 18th century, the use of earthen walls has been reduced, and the use of wooden walls and paper walls are often used. Third, the walls of the Jongmyo Shrine were composed of a mud wall and a fireproof wall. A fireproof wall was installed in the main hall, including a pillar, while the Yeongnyeongjeon Hall was installed only between the pillar and the pillar. Fourth, the Gap Wall can be defined as the "wall constructed at the upper part of the chamber used in the construction of the building in Jongmyo." This study is meaningful in that it attempted to clarify the definition of a wall in the late Joseon Dynasty by examining the names and examples of walls used in the late Joseon Dynasty, focusing on walls that lacked research in familiarity.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.319-341
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• 2015

Eupseong (county seat) represents the Korean historic city which had constructed intentionally by central government during Joseon Dynasty. There were variety of government or county offices which named as Gaeksa, Dongheon, Nea, Jilcheong, and so on. Also, there are houses of the people in many Eupseong but not all of them. This study aims to reconstruct the landscape elements and its overall construction of Eupseong in the Late Joseon dynasty on the original land registration map(1913). For this purpose, the author underlines to set-up target period for reconstruction. This study considers the early 19th century in Joseon as completion period of Eupseong landscape, and then researches distribution of Eupseong and major elements of its landscape in national scale. Based on those results, the author tries to reconstruct location of major landscape elements and layout of Eupseong landscape in the early 19th century on the original land registration map in case of Taean Eupseong, Seosan Eupseong, and Haemi Eupseong in Chungcheongnam-do (province), Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.5
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• pp.51-70
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is not to look at the history of traditional accessories or the characteristics of their shapes but to discern imitations ￡Tom authentic items by exploring imitations of traditional accessories-- many of which were made in the late 20th century -- from private museums and university museums in order to help scholars assess relics. Among many kinds of accessories in the Joseon dynasty, only norigae, one of the representative accessories, and women hair ornaments are selected for this study since many of the relics have been recovered to date. Given this, this study will consider firstly the general history of norigae and women's hair ornaments, and secondly, prove several examples as relics from the late 20th century while they are marked as relics from the Joseon dynasty by comparing authentic items. Thirdly, among the imitations of the late 20th century, this study will find those so-called "original" imitations whose production origins are unidentified Fourthly, this study will explore the imitations, which were influenced by the influx of items and materials from China. It is important to discern low-quality relics as well as to correct the production time. Some producers exercised their creativity and made relics non-native to Korea. These relics shouldn't be presented at international exhibitions. Restored relics should be noted so and their quality should be equal to the authentic items. It is suggested that relics without the identity and quality of native Korean relics not baffle cultural interchanges and enhance national glory.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.96-108
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• 2009

This study is made on the royal lady's dress In late Joseon dynasty according to the King Heon-jong and Lady Kyung-bin's Wedding Diary in the year of Jung-mi(1847) and summarised as follows: Girls' full dress was a set of a red skirt, a violet undo. jacket, and a light yellow jacket and a green Gyeon-ma-gi(a kind of top jacket) with he. hair Saeng-meo-ri hanging Do-tu-rak-daeng-gi(a kind of hair ribbon). At the big ceremony, girls wore a green Dang-ui instead of Gyeon-ma-gi. A girl picked up as a royal concubine wore a green Won-sam, which was decorated with gilt letters meaning longevity, patched emblems of gilt letter meaning longevity on the breast and on the back, belted with Bong-dae(a red sash with gilt phoenexes), like a princess's full dress. At the Kyung-bin's installation of Crown Princess and her first greeting ceremony with royal elders, she wore a green Won-sam as a formal dress, which had an embroidered emblem of phoenix, the belt with crystal ornaments, Pae-ok(佩玉), Kyu(圭) of blue jade, Shou(綬) with an phoenix. At a Dong-wrae-yun(drinking ceremony after bride and bridegroom's bowing to each other), she wore the embroidered red Jang-sam as a formal dress. Kyung-bin wore a purple Won-sam with Bong-dae as a full dress for a royal feast. According to the occasions, the same dress was differentiated with ornaments and rotors. Ji-keum-bal was an attire for ordinary ceremony. The attire was equipped with a woven gold green Dang-ui with an emblem of phoenix, a blue gilt underskirt and a red gilt overskirt. No-ui was worn as outdoor clothes. Jang-sam was worn by various classes, so it was differentiated with materials and names according to her class.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.80-90
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• 2011

The purposes of this study are clarifying the characteristics of women's hair style in the late Joseon Dynasty by inquiring into that hair style and, by extension, having a new understanding of the aesthetic consciousness of women in those times. The typical hair style of married Joseon women was Ungeonmeori and Jjokmeori, with Ungeonmeori being much more popular. Regardless of socioeconomic status, women used a big Gache as long as conditions permitted. Meanwhile, some women who led the trend or followed the national policy did Jjokmeori and wore Jokdoori. The Joseon Dynasty had a strict clothing system. However, giseangs were free from this restriction and they were free at attire. Therefore, they led the fashion trend. Both noble and common women followed the trend, imitating giseangs' attire. Women's hair style was used as a tool to express one's personality in the late Joseon Dynasty when the hierarchy was already weakened. In fact, it seems that women in those times cared more about hair style trend than clothing trend. This means that those women already had such a high quality of aesthetic consciousness that they showed their hair which is the closest to the face to advantage.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.107-118
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• 2018

Taegeuk is Korea's flagship pattern, which has been handed down over centuries. During the Joseon era, it had an influence on all places such as the left side of the building and arrangement. In addition, Taegeuk was a bowl which contains the philosophy of right now. In Neo-Confucianism, it was understood that yin and yang were divided into five elements and created the universe. In buildings, Taegeuk was mostly used as decoration on the stylobate and doors. Taegeuk contains the fundamental thoughts about the creation of the universe. In architecture, it plays the role of a bridge between spaces. In ancient times, it was used as byeoksa. Entering the Joseon era, it played a role as a border. In the late Joseon dynasty, it was important in protecting the country. A Taegeuk pattern varies in diverse shapes to represent its dynamic aspects. After passing through many different stages, it developed into the pattern of today.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2010

Imwongyeongjeji, Administration of Our Daily Life in Woods and Fields, is a sort of encyclopedia compiled by Seo, Yoo Goo in Joseon Dynasty in the 19th century. This voluminous work is made up of 16 chapters with various references including many articles dealing with architecture. The chapter Seomyongji covering the daily necessities contains a number of methods and materials of building construction. The distinctive feature of these articles is that they are mostly from Joseon's books. It is not similar to other chapters which are made of quotations from Chinese books. Especially, he quoted many of articles about architecture from his own work Geumhwagyeongdokgi, Record of Plowing and Reading in Geumhwa. In addition, He selected only empirical knowledge, put it in the book, and commented on it in his judgment. These articles provide valuable information on architectural knowledge in late Joseon period.