• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2004

Background: B-1 cells differ from conventional B-2 cells both phenotypically and functionally. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference between peritoneal B-1 cells and splenic B-2 cells in proliferation. Methods: We obtained sorted B-1 cells from peritoneal fluid and B-2 cells from spleens of mice. During the culture of these cells, immunoglobulin secreted into the culture supernatants was evaluated by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Entering of S phase in response to LPS-stimuli was measured by proliferative assay. Results: Spontaneous Immunoglobulin M production occurred in peritoneal B-1 cells but not in splenic B-2 cells. LPS stimulated peritoneal B-1 cells secreted IgM at day 1, but splenic B-2 cells at day 2. In thymidine incorporation, peritoneal B-1 cells entered actively S phase after 24hours LPS-stimulation but splenic B-2 cells entered actively S phase after 48 hours. Conclusion: IgM secretion and S phase entering occurred early in peritoneal B-1 cells compared to splenic B-2 cells.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2016

Background: Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitization to staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) has been recently considered to be related to allergic disease, including asthma. Despite studies on specific IgE (sIgE) to SE and its relationship to asthma diagnosis and severity, the association of sIgE to SE with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) remains unclear. Methods: We enrolled 81 asthma patients admitted to the Severance Hospital in Korea from March 1, 2013, to February 28, 2015 and retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of the enrolled subjects. The serum levels of sIgE to SE (A/B) of all subjects was measured using the ImmunoCAP 250 (Phadia) system with SE-sIgE positive defined as >0.10 kU/mL. Results: The SE-sIgE level was not significantly correlated with asthma severity (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [$FEV_1$], $FEV_1$/forced vital capacity, sputum eosinophils, and serum eosinophils), whereas the SE-sIgE level in patients with positive AHR ($mean{\pm}standard$ error of the mean, $0.606{\pm}0.273kU/mL$) was significantly higher than that in patients with negative AHR ($0.062{\pm}0.015kU/mL$, p=0.034). In regression analysis, SE sensitization (sIgE to SE ${\geq}0.010kU/mL$) was a significant risk factor for AHR, after adjustment for age, sex, $FEV_1$, and sputum eosinophils (odds ratio, 7.090; 95% confidence interval, 1.180-42.600; p=0.032). Prevalence of SE sensitization was higher in patients with allergic rhinitis and non-atopic asthma patients, as compared to patients without allergic rhinitis and atopic asthma patients, respectively, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: SE sensitization is significantly associated with AHR.

• 한국식품영양과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식품영양과학회 2004년도 Annual Meeting and International Symposium
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• pp.110-115
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• 2004

The immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata L. or Ponciri fructus (PF), well known as 'Jisil' in Korea, have been used against allergic diseases for generations, and still occupy an important place in traditional Oriental medicine. Anti-allergic effects of this fruit have been investigated in a few experimental models. Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is the principal immunoglobulin involved in immediate hypersensitivities and chronic allergic diseases. The effect of an aqueous extract of PF on in vivo and in vitro IgE production was investigated. PF dose-dependently inhibited the active systemic anaphylaxis and serum IgE production induced by immunization with ovalbumin, Bordetelia pertussis toxin and aluminum hydroxide gel. PF strongly inhibited interleukin 4 (IL-4)-dependent IgE production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine whole spleen cells. In the case of U266 human IgE-bearing B cells, Ponciri fructus also showed an inhibitory effect on the IgE production. On the other hand, mast cell hyperplasia can be causally related with chronic inflammation. Stem cell factor (SCF), the ligand of the c-kit protooncogene product, is a major regulator and ohernoattractant of mast cells. Ponciri fiuctus (1 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the SCF-induced migration of rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). RPMCs exposed to SCF (50 ng/mL) resulted in a drastic shape change with a polarized morphology while the cells exposed to Ponciri fructus (1 mg/mL) remained resting, with little or no shape alteration. The drastic morphological alteration and distribution of polymerized actin were blocked by pretreatment with Ponciri fructus. In addition, Ponciri fructus inhibited both TNF-alpha and IL-6 secretion from RPMCs stimulated with SCF. These results suggest that Ponciri fructus has an anti-allergic activity by inhibition of IgE production from B cells. These findings also provide evidence that Ponciri fructu inhibits chemotactic response and inflammatory cytokines secretion to SCF in mast cells.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2015

본 연구는 중년여성을 대상으로 소도구 필라테스 매트 운동 프로그램을 8주간 주 3회의 빈도로 준비운동 10분, 주 운동 40분, 정리운동 10분을 실시하였다. 필라테스 운동프로그램 수행 시 운동강도는 ACSM(2010)의 지침을 기준으로 삼아 1-4주는 50-60%HRR, 5-8주는 61-70%HRR로 50-70%의 강도로 유지 시켰고, 4주마다 소도구 필라테스 운동 프로그램의 강도를 증가시켰으며 무선심박수 측정기(Polar Analyzer, Polar Electro of Finland)를 이용하여 Karvonen(1979) 방법으로 얻어진 개인별 목표 심박수와 운동자각도를 이용하여 운동강도를 체크하였다. 8주간 소도구 필라테스 매트 운동을 통해 면역글로불린의 변화를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이와 같은 목적과 절차를 통해 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 8주간 소도구 필라테스 매트 운동 프로그램을 실시한 결과 면역글로불린 IgA에서 증가하였으며 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 둘째, 8주간 소도구 필라테스 매트 운동 프로그램을 실시한 결과 면역글로불린 IgG에서 증가하였으며 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 셋째, 8주간 소도구 필라테스 매트 운동 프로그램을 실시한 결과 면역글로불린 IgM에서 증가하였으며 상호작용효과가 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서 실시한 소도구를 이용한 필라테스 매트 운동이 면역기능에 긍정적인 호르몬 변화를 보였으며 대사적 질환을 예방할 수 있는 효과적인 운동방법이라고 사료된다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2012

Immune cells express toll-like receptors (TLRs) and respond to molecular patterns of various pathogens. CpG motif in bacterial DNA activates innate and acquired immune systems through binding to TLR9 of immune cells. Several studies reported that CpG can directly regulate B cell activation, differentiation, and Ig production. However, the role of CpG in B cell growth and Ig production is not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the effect of CpG on the kinetics of mouse B cell viability, proliferation, and Igs production. Overall, CpG enhanced mouse B cell growth and production of Igs in a dose-dependent manner. Unlike LPS, 100 nM CpG (high dose) did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production. Moreover, 100 nM CpG treatment abrogated either LPS-induced IgM or LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA and IgG2b production, although B cell growth was enhanced by CpG under the same culture conditions. We subsequently found that 10 nM CpG (low dose) is sufficient for B cell growth. Again, 10 nM CpG did not support TGF-${\beta}1$-induced IgA production but, interestingly enough, supported RA-induced IgA production. Further, 10 nM CpG, unlike 100 nM, neither abrogated the LPS/TGF-${\beta}1$- nor the LPS/RA-induced IgA production. Taken together, these results suggest that dose of CpG is critical in B cell growth and Igs production and the optimal dose of CpG cooperates with LPS in B cell activation and differentiation toward Igs production.

• BMB Reports
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.346-351
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• 1997

The maximum adsorption/desorption conditions and the adsorption mechanism of globular proteins to vaccine adjuvants were determined. The maximum adsorption ratio of protein to the $Al^{3+}$ content of aluminum oxyhydroxide and the optimal adsorption pH are 2:1 (${\mu}g:{\mu}g$) for bovine serum albumin (BSA) at pH 6.0 and 2.5:1 (${\mu}g:{\mu}g$) for immunoglobulin G (IgG) at pH 7.0, respectively. The maximum adsorption ratio onto aluminum phosphate gel was 1.5:1 (${\mu}g$ Protein:${\mu}g$ $Al^{3+}$) at pH 5.0 for both BSA and IgG. Adsorption of the native globular proteins, BSA and IgG, to aluminum oxyhydroxide and aluminum phosphate gel was reversible as a function of pH. Complete desorption of these proteins from aluminum phosphate gel was observed at alkaline pH, whereas only 80~90% removal from aluminum oxyhydroxide was achieved with alkaline pH and 50 mM phosphate buffer. We conclude that electrostatic and hydrogen bonding interactions between the native proteins and adjuvants are important binding mechanisms for adsorption, and that the surface charge of the protein and the colloid components control the maximum adsorption conditions.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.612-616
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• 1997

IgY (egg yolk immunoglobulin) against Helicobacter pylori was produced by immunizing hen with some Helicobacter pylori antigens. H. pylori whole cell, whole cell lysates, partially purified urease and p54 protein, which showed high antigenicity in mice, were used as immunogens. Four hens were immunized with these immunogens three times. IgY was purified from immunized egg yolk with polyethylene glycol (M.W. 8000) and its anti-H. pylori titer was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The anti-H. pylori titer reached peak at 8 weeks and was maintained over 20 weeks. H. pylori cells were agglutinated with these purified IgY and the specificity of these purified IgY was detected with immunoblotting.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 1993

본 실험은 닭의 혈청으로부터 IgG를 순수분리하고 이에 대한 항혈청을 대량 생산하여 IgG의 양적 측정에 필요한 물질의 생산을 자체 정립하고 아울러 육용계의 전사육기간 동안의 혈청중 IgG농도의 변화상을 조사하여 닭의 면역반응에 대한 기초적인 자료를 제공하고자 실시하였다. 1. 닭의 혈청으로부터 순수한 IgG를 분리하였으며 이를 항원으로 면역시켜 IgG에서만 특이적으로 반응하는 항혈청을 생산하였다. 2. 표준항원(IgG)에 대한 항체(anti-IgG)와의 diffusion상태를 측정하여 표준곡선을 작성한 바, diffusion소요시간이 16시간에서 가장 양흐한 회귀직선방정식을 얻었다($R^2$＝0.999). 3. 혈청중 IgG의 농도의 변화상은 1일령에서(4.25mg/$m\ell$) 가장 높았으며 그 이후 급격히 감소하여 11일령에 최저수준(0.81mg/$m\ell$ ； 1일령의 19%수준)에 도달하였다. 그 이후에는 서서히 증가하여 7주령시에는 2.48 mg/$m\ell$의 수준을 보였다. 4. 성별에 따른 IgG 농도간에는 유의적인 차이는 없었으며 3주령까지의 IgG의 농도는 수컷에 비하여 암컷이 약간 높은 수준을 보였다. 한편 수컷은 11일령에서 최저 수준에 도달한 반면에 암컷은 14일령에 가장 낮은 수준에 도달하여 수컷의 능동면역 체계가 암컷보다 조기에 발달되는 것으로 추정된다.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 형질전환된 벼 세포를 이용하여 자가면역 질환의 치료제인 human cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4-immunoglobulin (hCTLA4Ig)을 생산하였고, RAmy3D promoter와 RAmy1A signal pertide를 사용하여 당 고갈시에 목적 단백질의 발현과 배지로의 분비를 유도하였다. 이 시스템의 문제점은 당 고갈에 의해 목적 단백질의 생산이 유도되기 때문에 에너지원이 없어 세포의 사멸, 이로 인한 배지내로의 protease 분비를 유발하게 된다. 이것은 목적 단백질의 안정성 저해와 궁극적으로는 생산성의 손실을 일으킨다. 따라서 세포를 보호하여 사멸을 막는 효과가 있음이 보고된 proline을 첨가하여 생산성 증진 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. 4 mM의 proline을 첨가하여 배양하였을 때, 세포의 사멸 및 pretense의 분비를 줄일 수 있었고 이는 결과적으로 hCTLA4Ig의 생산성 증진으로 이어졌다. 또한 단백질 안정제를 통하여 배지내로 분비된 hCTLA4Ig의 안정화를 이루어 생산성을 높이고자 하였다. 0.01 g/L의 gelatin을 적용하여 생산성 증진 효과를 확인하였으며, 이는 hCTLA4Ig의 안정화에 의한 것임을 알 수 있었다. Pretense의 분비를 줄이기 위한 세포 보호와 pretense의 공격을 막기 위한 hCTLA4Ig 보호를 통하여 형질전환된 벼 세포를 이용한 hCTLA4Ig의 안정성 및 생산성을 증대시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2022

There is an increasing interest in monitoring of specific biomarker for determining progression of a disease or efficacy of a treatment. Conventional method for quantification of specific biomarkers as enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has high material costs, long incubation periods, requires large volume of samples and involves special instruments, which necessitates clinical samples to be sent to a lab. This paper reports on the development of an electrochemical biosensor to measure total immunoglobulin E (IgE), a marker of asthma disease that varies with age, gender, and disease in concentrations from 0.3-1000 ng/mL with consuming 20 µL volume of whole blood sample. The sensor provides rapid, accurate, easy, point-of-care measurement of IgE, also, sequential monitoring of total IgE with ovalbumin (OVA) induced mice is another application of sensor. Taken together, these results provide an alternative way for detection of biomarkers in whole blood with low volumes and long-term ex-vivo assessments for understanding the progression of a disease.