• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.12C no.1 s.97
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• pp.53-62
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• 2005

The NG-SDH system requires signal synchronization to synchronize incoming ethernet signal with GFP frame. The foreign nation research completes a chipset development until now and it secures a relation technique, but it does not secure a relation technique from domestic. Therefore, in this paper, we presented with signal synchronization method of Ethernet signal through GFP frame. We knew that the synchronized method of Ethernet signal through GFP-F must apply ingress & egress buffer and GFP Idle. We understood that the synchronized method of Ethernet signal through GFP-T must apply GFP Idle and $65B{\_}PAD$, and require maximum 3-bit addition & deletion of idle. Also we showed signal synchronization realization through simulation and obtained MTIE/TDEV characteristics and peak to peak jitter in egress output.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.8A
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• pp.790-797
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• 2006

IEEE 802.16e specifies two different power saving modes(PSM). One is sleep mode and the other is idle mode. These modes are different in that whether a mobile node maintains its state information with the serving base station or not. This difference results in different efficiency in consuming battery power of a mobile terminal. Therefore, it becomes important to analyze the performance of each power saving mode considering the parameters affecting the power consumption. In this paper, we propose a performance modeling framework of sleep mode and idle mode in terms of power saving efficiency. The analytical results are verified by computer simulations that idle mode is superior to sleep mode in power consumption of mobile node.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.13-21
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• 2013

Recently, although the number of cores on a chip multi-processor increases, multi-programming or multi-threaded programming techniques to utilize the whole cores are still insufficient. Therefore, there inevitably exist some idle cores which are not working. This results in a waste of the caches, so-called idle caches which are dedicated to those idle cores. In this research, we propose amethodology to exploit idle caches effectively as victimcaches of on-chip memory resource. In simulation results, we have achieved 19.4%and 10.2%IPC improvement in 4-core and 16-core respectively, compared to previous technique.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.127-134
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to derive a model of urban regeneration business using idle facilities in the old city center. The scope of the study was set as empty houses and empty stores owned by private companies, and analyzed the 50 central city revitalization projects using idle facilities in 14 local cities in Japan. The results of this study are follows; First, as an urban regeneration strategy using idle facilities in the old town, it was a combination of other functions centering on commercial functions or introducing new functions required in the city center. Second, various financial supports have been provided to induce the utilization of idle facilities by the private sector, and different strategies have been implemented for businesses that need maintenance first. Third, based on the analysis results, it was possible to derive urban regeneration business model. Fourth, in order to operate smooth business, it is a need for an organization that is in charge of reviewing the consistency of upper-level planning and urban guiding functions such as urban revitalization plan, balance review of expenditure and revenues by cost subsidy and loan repayment, consultation among the business partners.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.127-137
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• 2019

In South Korea, the cafes utilizing idle industrial facilities have become popular recently. The purpose of this study is to understand the causes of these social phenomena and to examine the spatial characteristics of cafes regenerated from idle industrial facilities. For the study method, this study first looked at the unique spatial characteristics of Korean cafes and the cause of the increase in the number of cafes regenerated in South Korea. And then it looked at five cases where factories and warehouses built during the industrialization period (1900s~1970s) of South Korea were regenerated as cafes after 2015. Finally, this study was examined the regenerative characteristics that could be transformed from idle industrial facilities into cafes by the type analysis such as the background of the times and the strategy of regeneration. The results showed that three spatial characteristics(large single, multi-functional and emotional) preferred in South Korean cafes appeared in cafes regenerated from idle industrial facilities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.478-489
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• 2016

Recently, there has been increasing interest in the remodecycling options of idle spaces around the central city through the urban regeneration. Various studies to create new added value through this way are ongoing. This study aims to analyze the impact relationship and structure on the regeneration of idle space by types affecting the quality of residents' life and local economy revitalization. The hypothesis was verified by a suitability test for setting the hypothesis and statistical significance test from the PLS 3.0 package. The results of this study drew 6 hypotheses from a total of 11 on the 'idle space regeneration of economy based type of PLS-SEM' and 4 hypotheses from a total of 11 on the 'idle space regeneration of neighborhood regeneration type PLS-SEM'. The results can be summarized into several parts. First, if cultural aspects should be considered, the regeneration of idle space (economy-based type and neighborhood-regeneration type) could meet 2 parts, such as the quality of residents' life and local economy revitalization at the same time. Second, improving the 'physical aspects' only affects the 'idle space regeneration of the economy-based type of PLS-SEM'. Third, improving the 'social aspects' only affects the 'idle space regeneration of neighborhood regeneration type of PLS-SEM'. This study has significance in that it provides the empirical analysis for the regeneration of idle space and there are differences according to types of PLS structural model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.189-199
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• 2015

This study made use of 9 types of utilizing idle farmland deducted from existing research in order to examine cases by type of idle farmland, and selected representative cases by type after analyzing contents of 165 available newspaper articles. Selected Cases were assorted into agricultural use and nonagricultural use, and agricultural use are as followed. (1)Community Service/Farming type is the case of Gimhae city reported on 'Busan Ilbo', (2)High Income/Farming type is the case of cooperative unit of Geumjeong crude drug in Yeongam appeared in 'Newsis', and the case of Omija industry in Mungyeong reported on 'Hankyoreh', (3)Tourism/Landscape/Farming type is the case of rape flowers and buckwheat flowers in Gupo village reported on 'Asia News Agency', (4)Stock Raising/Farming type is the case of growing foraging crops published in 'The Daejeon Ilbo', (5)Weekend farm type is the case of utilizing idle farmlands and creating weekend farm reported on 'Mediawatch', (6)High income/Forest type is creating Mulberry cultivation areas in Hamyang-Gun published in 'Yonhap News', (7)Ecology/Landscape/Forest type is forestation project of idle land reported on 'Newsis', (8)Agricultural Experience Study type is the case of managing agricultural experience study center in Dosun elementary center published in 'Sisajeju' and the case of non-agricultural application case, (9)Ecological Environment type is the case of wetland restoration of idle farmland in Gochang. This study investigated and arranged detailed contents by the literature search and interview investigation according to investigating items such as utilizing area, main agent, purpose, utilizing item, utilizing content, etc. by case. With that, it deducted implications as well as case characteristics, and finally suggested political proposals through the case analysis.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.143-154
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• 2014

For the purpose of drawing a representative type of utilizing idle farmlands, this study collected and analyzed newspaper articles about cases of utilizing idle farmlands in the past decade using Internet search engines. Prior to this, it clarified a concept of idle farmlands to raise accuracy of searching articles, and selected NAVER as a search engine. It set "idle farmland", "abandoned land", and "utilizing" as basic search words in search option, and also set search period from 1st of January in 2004 to 31st of December in 2013. This study primarily searched 1,593 articles, and extracted 165 articles excluding overlapped and unrelated articles. Furthermore, it investigated extracted articles by date, media, headline, content of use, region(province), particular area(city and country), main agent, item and keyword 1, 2, 3 for proper use. This study also examined frequencies by year according to indoor and outdoor environment as well as regional differences through frequencies by regional groups and chronology. Furthermore, it drew a diagram of frequency flow of keyword 2, 3 with each keyword 1 as the central figure in order to draw various types of using idle farmlands. Through the diagrams, this study drew 9 using types such as (1) community service. agriculture type, (2) high income. agriculture type, (3) sightseeing. landscape. agriculture type, (4) livestock. agriculture type, (5) weekend farm type, (6) high income. woodland type, (7) ecology. landscape. woodland type, (8) agricultural work-study type, (9) ecological environment type.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.39-45
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an efficient multichannel MAC protocol with idle nodes assistance to avoid the multi-channel hidden terminal problem in cognitive radio ad hoc network and further to improve the performance of the network. The proposed MAC protocol can be applied to the cognitive radio adhoc network where every node is equipped with the single transceiver and one common control channel exists for control message negotiation. In the proposed protocol, the idle nodes available in the neighbour of communication nodes are utilized because the idle nodes have the information about the channels being utilized in their transmission range. Whenever the nodes are negotiating for the channel, idle nodes can help the transmitting and receiving nodes to select the free data channel for data transfer. With the proposed scheme, we can minimize the hidden terminal problem and decrease the collision between the secondary users when selecting the channel for data transfer. As a result, the performance of the network is increased.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2014

Under the influence of birth control and rapid urbanization, China's rural school-age population is on a year-by-year decrease, which has led approximately 300 thousand middle and primary schools to idleness ever since 2000. A majority of these idle schools are located in rural areas, almost one half remaining idle due to vagueness in property right. The disposed schools are less efficient for not being combined with the real situation of rural areas. Based on the opportunity of coordinative development of urban-rural areas, this paper analyzes the situationsin terms of the development of public service facilities and the gap between rural and urban areas over the recent years. Then the effective and sustainable reuse scheme to dispose of the idle schools and reshape them into the facilities for the elders, cultural facilities and medical facilities is proposed from the perspectives of perfecting rural public service facilities and guaranteeing citizens' equal share of public service, which both maintains the public nature of the idle schools, reconciles the fuzzy property right, and boosts efficiency of reuse, saves resources, and reduces investment for perfecting rural public facilities.