• 제목/요약/키워드: human scales

검색결과 230건 처리시간 0.023초

인간의 청각 척도에 관한 고찰 (A Study on the Human Auditory Scaling)

  • 양병곤
    • 음성과학
    • /
    • 제2권
    • /
    • pp.125-134
    • /
    • 1997
  • Human beings can perceive various aspects of sound including loudness, pitch, length, and timber. Recently many studies were conducted to clarify complex auditory scales of the human ear. This study critically reviews some of these scales (decibel, sone, phon for loudness perception; mel and bark for pitch) and proposes to apply the scales to normalize acoustic correlates of human speech. One of the most important aspects of human auditory perception is the nonlinearity which should be incorporated into the linear speech analysis and synthesis system. Further studies using more sophisticated equipment are desirable to refine these scales, through the analysis of human auditory perception of complex tones or speech. This will lead scientists to develop better speech recognition and synthesis devices.

  • PDF

외래관광객의 패션상품 구매동기의 측정척도 개발에 관한 연구 (Development of the Measured Scales for Purchasing Motivation of Inbound Tourists about Fashion Goods)

  • 조지현;서철현;장경수
    • 한국생활과학회지
    • /
    • 제11권2호
    • /
    • pp.197-209
    • /
    • 2002
  • The purpose of this research was to develop of measured scales for purchasing motivation of inbound tourists about fashion goods. A self-administrated questionnaire survey method was conducted among foreign tourists visited in Dongdaemun market. Data from 615 of inbound tourists were analysed by using factor analysis. As the results of the survey, 6 factors related purchasing motivation were derived; satisfaction, practicality, fashion, memory of tourism, eonomy and impromptu. The adequate indexes were shown from final models, such as RMR=.047, SMSEA =.043, CFI=.935, GFI=.956, AGFI=.937 and NFI=.888. It means that these values are appropriate to the measured scales for purchasing motivation of inbound tourists for fashion goods.

  • PDF

임상아동 어머니의 성격특성과 어머니가 지각한 자녀의 성격특성간의 관계 (Relationship Between the Characteristics of Mother's Personality and Their Perception of Clinical Children's Personality)

  • 장정백
    • 한국생활과학회지
    • /
    • 제19권6호
    • /
    • pp.993-1002
    • /
    • 2010
  • This study sought to determine wether the reliability of the KIP-C is affected by mothers' scores on of MMPI. Particiapants in this study were 100 mothers whose children visited the a children's psychiatric hospital. They were sorted into two groups; diagnosis consistent group and diagnosis inconsistent groups. the diagnosis inconsistent group showed significantly higher scores on L(p<.001) and K(p<.001) scales, while the diagnosis consistent group had higher scores on F, Ma and Si scales. When comparing the KPI-C of the groups, the diagnosis consistent groups showed significantly higher scores in ANX, SOM and HPR scales(p<.05). A correlation analysis of the validity scales of MMPI and the scales of KPI-C also showed significant correlation. It was also shown that the characteristics of the mothers' personality have important effects on their perception of their children's problems. In particular, the stronger the mothers defensive characteristics, the lower the reliability of their perception of their children's problems. Reciprocally, reliability was higher when the mothers acknowledged their problems.

지역사회영양학 연구에서의 리커트 척도 이용 현황: 대한지역사회영양학회지 게재 논문을 중심으로 (The Use of Likert Scale in Community Nutrition Research: Analysis of the Articles Published in Korean Journal of Community Nutrition)

  • 류시현;윤지현
    • 대한지역사회영양학회지
    • /
    • 제14권5호
    • /
    • pp.600-607
    • /
    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to examine if Likert scales had been properly utilized in community nutrition research. A total of 527 research articles published in the 32 issues of Korean Journal of Community Nutrition from the volume 5, issue 1 in 2000 to the volume 10, issue 2 in 2005 were screened and 55 articles were found to have utilized one or more Likert scales for the studies. Therefore, 109 Likert scales used in the 55 studies were reviewed regarding the name, statement and response items, reliability and validity check, and analysis method. The scales were mostly referred as Likert scales (60%) or Likert-type scales (27%). Some scales were found to be referred as Likert scales although they were Likert-type scales when judged based on the information given in the respective articles. However some scales couldn't be judged for the rightness of the names because the information given for the scales in the articles was not enough. About 23% of the scales consisted of items less than 6 or more than 30, and therefore found to be inappropriate. The percentage of the scales listing all the statement items in the articles was only 25%. Most of the scales (85%) included 5 response items, and the rest included 4 (7%), 7 (6%), or 3 (2%). The percentages of the scales including appropriate center and end items were only 2% and 22%, respectively. Less than half of the scales (41%) were found to have been checked for reliability and only one scale was reported to have been checked for validity. In some scales (6%), the responses were scored improperly for analysis. The responses to the scales were frequently found to have been analyzed by parametric statistics such as mean, ANOVA, t-test, and Pearson's correlation, which might be a problem depending on the size and distribution of study samples. In conclusion, there is much room for improvement in the use of Likert scales in community nutrition research.

달의 주기(週期)에 따른 음주(飮酒)와 인성(人性)과의 연관성(聯關性)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究) (A Study on the correlation between Drinking and MMPI in lunar cycle)

  • 이석준;류영수;류희영
    • 동의신경정신과학회지
    • /
    • 제4권1호
    • /
    • pp.155-164
    • /
    • 1993
  • In this study the author had attempted to establish a correlation among alcohol use and MMPI and lunar cycle. MMPI was carried on 2, April 1992(the last day of the second lunar month) and 15, June 1992(the fifteenth day of the fifth lunar month). These experiments took male and female students who were in WON KWANG University as subjects. The results of it suggested the followings. 1) Drinkers and normal subjects average of T-score in each scales were in a normal scores. 2) In every scales except L,K,Si scales drinkers showed higher scores than normal subjects. There was a significant difference on L, F, Pd, Pa, Sc, Ma scales. 3) On the fifteenth day of the month, drinkers showed Higher T-Scores than normal subjects in every scales excepts L,K,Si scales. There was a significant difference in Ma scale. 4) On the last day of the month, drinkers showed higher T-scores than normal subjects in every scales except L,K,Mf,Si scales. There was a significant difference on L, F, Pd, Sc, Ma scales. 5) Drinkers showed higher than normal subjects in symptom of neurosis and psychosis. As the results of above, human character changes to some extend according to alcohol use. There is a tendency that repeated drinking of college students prone to change into habitual drinking or alcoholic impairment. So controlled drinking among the college students is highly recommended.

  • PDF

Psychophysical Scale 적용시 오류에 관한 사례조사 (A case study on misuse of psychophysical scales)

  • 곽지영;박성준;한성호
    • 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한인간공학회 1993년도 추계학술대회논문집
    • /
    • pp.133-144
    • /
    • 1993
  • Psychophysical data, in general, belong to one of the four scale categories : Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio Scale. This paper introduces properties of the four scale categories and describes some psychophysical scales that attempt to measure subjective feeling or opinion of human. In addition, guidelines of analyzing and interpreting measured data are suggested. Some examples of analyzing and interpreting paychophysical data inappropriately are presented especially with category scales which have been used most widely in measuring subjective information.

  • PDF

AHP를 이용한 철도종사자의 안전업무 수행도 평가에 관한 연구 (A Study on Performance Evaluation about Safety Work of Railway Employees using AHP)

  • 류시욱
    • 대한안전경영과학회지
    • /
    • 제9권4호
    • /
    • pp.49-56
    • /
    • 2007
  • It is known that human factors account for 80 percent of all railway accidents. To reduce human errors must be the most efficient shortcut to railway safety. For public transportation employees like railway, the more delicate safety management should be executed in individual level. However, there are rarely efforts to improve safety performance of workers who are the subject operating the railway system. This paper develops a hierarchy model to evaluate the human safety performance in railway industry. To evaluate the model, AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) methodology is adopted. The hierarchy model is composed of four levels which are objective, two criteria, specific factors of criteria, and rating scales. In addition, since employees for evaluation are over 10, the pairwise comparisons for rating scales are carried out by the absolute measurement. We explore the applicability of AHP to the performance evaluation of railway safety workers by an example and also investigate the changes of alternatives that are railway employees according to the changes of human characteristic which is one of criteria.

Relationships between MMPI Scales under Defensive Attitude and Safety and Health Indices

  • Kim, Jong Hwan;Jeong, Byung Yong;Park, Myoung Hwan
    • 대한인간공학회지
    • /
    • 제35권6호
    • /
    • pp.611-619
    • /
    • 2016
  • Objective:This study aims to analyze the relationships between personality factors measured by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) scales and the indices of safety and health in the shipbuilding industry. Background: Many researches reported that there were significant relationships between some MMPI subscales and traffic and industrial accidents. Method: This study analyzes 230 male workers in shipyard for their MMPI scores gathered during recruitment process and their safety and health indices from the performance record during their working period. ${\chi}^2-test$ and one-way ANOVA are used for finding the statistical significance for personality factors. The conventional grouping rule for MMPI scales and other grouping criteria considering the attitude of positive answer for the MMPI test during recruitment process are used for analysis. Results: The Hypomania (Ma) and Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) scales of the MMPI are the main factors related to the safety and health related indices for most grouping rules. Depression (D), Psychasthenia (Pt), Hypochondriasis (Hs), Schizophrenia (Sc), and Masculinity and Femininity (Mf) scales are also related to the safety and health indices. Conclusion and Application: The results can be used for understanding the psychological factors in human behaviors and safety and can help professional personnel take the necessary steps in improving safety on the job and also in providing the effective teaching of safe work methods.

Pain measurement in oral and maxillofacial surgery

  • Sirintawat, Nattapong;Sawang, Kamonpun;Chaiyasamut, Teeranut;Wongsirichat, Natthamet
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
    • /
    • 제17권4호
    • /
    • pp.253-263
    • /
    • 2017
  • Regardless of whether it is acute or chronic, the assessment of pain should be simple and practical. Since the intensity of pain is thought to be one of the primary factors that determine its effect on a human's overall function and sense, there are many scales to assess pain. The aim of the current article was to review pain intensity scales that are commonly used in dental and oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Previous studies demonstrated that multidimensional scales, such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire, Short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire, and Wisconsin Brief Pain Questionnaire were suitable for assessing chronic pain, while unidimensional scales, like the Visual Analogue Scales (VAS), Verbal descriptor scale, Verbal rating scale, Numerical rating Scale, Faces Pain Scale, Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBS), and Full Cup Test, were used to evaluate acute pain. The WBS is widely used to assess pain in children and elderly because other scales are often difficult to understand, which could consequently lead to an overestimation of the pain intensity. In dental or OMFS research, the use of the VAS is more common because it is more reliable, valid, sensitive, and appropriate. However, some researchers use NRS to evaluate OMFS pain in adults because this scale is easier to use than VAS and yields relatively similar pain scores. This review only assessed pain scales used for post-operative OMFS or dental pain.

피부세포에서 옥돔 비늘로부터 추출한 펩타이드의 UVB에 대한 산화적 손상 및 광 노화 억제 (Peptides-derived from Scales of Branchiostegus japonicus Inhibit Ultraviolet B-induced Oxidative Damage and Photo-aging in Skin Cells)

  • 오민창;김기천;고창익;안용석;현진원
    • 생명과학회지
    • /
    • 제25권3호
    • /
    • pp.269-275
    • /
    • 2015
  • 생체에서 가장 많은 비율로 분포하고 있는 콜라겐 펩타이드는 동물의 뼈와 해양 생물의 비늘에 많이 함유되어 있다. 콜라겐은 동물 생체의 여러 결합조직에서 구조 단백질로 흔하게 발견된다. 또한, 이들은 생물 의료 자재, 제약, 화장품, 식품 및 가죽 산업에 널리 이용된다. 각종 어류 비늘에서 추출된 펩타이드는 UVB 조사에 의해 유도된 피부의 손상 및 광 노화에 대한 보호 효과가 있었다. 그럼에도 불구하고, UVB 조사에 대한 옥돔 비늘 유래의 펩타이드 특성은 명확히 알려져 있지 않다. 이 연구에서는 옥돔 비늘 추출물에서 분리된 1 kDa 이상(HMP)과 1 kDa 이하(LMP)의 펩타이드를 이용하여 UVB 조사에 의해 유도된 피부 손상과 광 노화에 대한 효과를 연구하였다. 이들 펩타이드는 농도 의존적으로 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 보였으며 LMP는 HaCaT 인간 피부세포에서 UVB 조사에 의해 유도된 세포 지질 과산화 산물인 8-isoprostane 생성을 억제하였다. 그리고 LMP와 HMP는 B16F10 마우스 흑색종 세포에서 tyrosinase 활성 및 melanin 함량을 감소시켰으며 또한 HaCaT 세포에서 UVB로 유도된 elastase 활성을 감소시켰고 matrix metalloproteinase-1의 활성을 감소시켰다. 이러한 결과는 옥돔 비늘에서 유래된 펩타이드가 미백효과, 항산화제 및 광 노화 억제제로서 유용한 물질이 될 것으로 기대된다.