• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.311-324
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• 2024

Objectives : Human body keeps balance through the interaction of various organs, especially the lungs and kidneys are closely connected in maintaining health and preventing disease. This study explores how the lungs and kidneys interact in terms of breathing and fluid balance and aims to find common ground between Eastern and Western medical practices. Methods : Similar explanations related to the interaction between the lungs and kidneys in the physiology and pathology of Traditional Korean Medicine(TKM) and biomedicine were compared. Results : In breathing, the lungs and kidneys work together by adjusting abdominal pressure with the diaphragm and maintaining acid-base balance, and hormones and enzymes secreted from the kidneys significantly affect lung function. This process corresponds to the concept of TKM that the kidneys control the reception of qi (腎主納氣). For fluid balance, the lungs help manage fluid levels through evaporation and sweating, interacting with the kidneys via the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), ACE, ACE2 enzymes, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This is similar to the theory in TKM that the lungs regulate human fluid (肺主通調水道). Conclusions : This research shows that by looking at the same physiological and pathological processes from different angles, we can reduce misunderstandings between Eastern and Western medicine. It helps improve the understanding of TKM's theories and supports building a unified framework for both medical traditions. Future work should focus on developing compatible theoretical systems across these fields.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 1966

This study was conducted to observe the condition of the ramification of the bronchus and pulmonary blood vascular system by injection of vinylite into the bronchial tree and pulmonary blood vessels in normal adult swines. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. Lungs of swine were composed of the same pulmonary territories as in lungs of human and dog. 2. Bronchial tree of swine also were axial divergency in the patterns. 3. Ramification of the left and right apical lobes are especially complex patterns but cardiac and diaphragmatic lobes are a little monotonous. 4. Intermediate lobe corresponding to mediobasalis branch of human lungs formed only one lobe in swine lung. 5. Pulmonary artery of right apical lobe was mono branch form in all case by authors observation. 6. $B._2$ streched into the seg. dorsalis of the right apical lobe was especially developed compare to $B._1$, $B._3$ of the seg, apicalis and seg, ventralis.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.77 no.3
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• pp.116-123
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• 2014

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from bone marrow or adipose tissue can successfully repair emphysematous animal lungs, which is a characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here, we describe the cellular distribution of MSCs that were intravenously injected into mice with elastase-induced emphysema. The distributions were also compared to the distributions in control mice without emphysema. Methods: We used fluorescence optical imaging with quantum dots (QDs) to track intravenously injected MSCs. In addition, we used a human Alu sequence-based real-time polymerase chain reaction method to assess the lungs, liver, kidney, and spleen in mice with elastase-induced emphysema and control mice at 1, 4, 24, 72, and 168 hours after MSCs injection. Results: The injected MSCs were detected with QD fluorescence at 1- and 4-hour postinjection, and the human Alu sequence was detected at 1-, 4- and 24-hour postinjection in control mice (lungs only). Injected MSCs remained more in mice with elastase-induced emphysema at 1, 4, and 24 hours after MSCs injection than the control lungs without emphysema. Conclusion: In conclusion, our results show that injected MSCs were observed at 1 and 4 hours post injection and more MSCs remain in lungs with emphysema.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.581-583
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• 2004

This paper analysed the induced current density characteristics inside human body by extremely low frequency magnetic fields according to varying conductivities of human model. Human model was composed of several organs and other parts of 곳 human body, whose shapes were spheroids or cylinders. Organs taken into account were the brain, heart, lungs, liver and intestines. Applying the boundary element method to the human model, effects of the organ conductivity difference to the induced current distribution were estimated.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.321-324
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• 2007

Pneumocystis (P.) carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of many animal species and human, which can cause fatal pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Three 100-day-old pigs with progressive atrophy, anorexia and respiratory distress were submitted to the Cheju National University for diagnosis. Grossly, the lungs were enlarged with rubbery consistency. Histopathologically, the lungs were characterized by diffuse interstitial pneumonia with thickening of alveolar septa due to infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes. Alveolar lumens were filled with a foamy eosinophilic proteinaceous material in which numerous punctiform organisms. The organisms were demonstrated as P. carinii by Grocott-methenamine-silver staining and immunohistochemistry in lungs of two pigs. In our best knowledge, this is believed to be the first report of P. carinii pneumonia in pigs in Korea.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.67-79
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• 2008

Objectives : The author studied on criterions and concepts of the four seasons, and also examined about outbreak, rise and decline, remedy and prescription of diseases. Methods : We researched that increase and decrease of vigor and up and down of Yin and Yang in human body are controled by sunlight through the literature. Results : The relationship between the human's five viscera and four seasons has the homeostasis as a result of the compatibility and rivalry process. Between of the human's five viscera and four seasons, the spleen plays important role of four seasons. The reason is that the liver, the heart, the lungs and the kidneys manages the 72 days in spring, summer, autumn and winter, repectively. However, the spleen arranges and regulates the liver, the heart, the lungs and the kidneys through the 18days of each season's ending, respectively. These are the basis of Lee Dong Won's(李東垣) 'The Spleen Strength Theory(補脾論). In four seasons, We make prescription harmonized with the energy such as rising in spring, floating in summer, astriction in autumn, preservation in winter. Conclusions : These results suggest that the criterion and the conception of the four seasons may be important role to remedy for diseases and to prescribe and to use of medicine.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11b
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• pp.46-50
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• 2004

This paper analysed the induced current density inside human body of hot-line worker for 765kV double circuit transmission line according to locations of human body Human was modelled by several organs, which included brain, heart, lungs, liver and intestines. We applied the 3 dimensional boundary element method to calculate induced electric fields.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Pathology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1998

An in vivo model for human melanoma was established with the growth and metastasis of SK-MEL-2 cells. The tumor was introduced into C.B-17 SCID(severe combined immunodeficiency) mice intraperiotneally subcutaeously and intravenous inoculations. Tumors developed in 100% of mice inoculated subcutaneously and intraeritoneally both at site of inoculation and as metastatic tumor in the liver lungs and diaphragm. With intravenous inoculation 50% of mice showed metastasis in the spleen. Additionally metastatic foci that were not detected either by gross and/or standard histopathologic examination were demonstrated in the spleen and lungs by immunohistochemistry with HMB-45 monoclonal antibody. We conclude that the SCID mouse supports growth and metastasis of human malignant melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.57-75
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• 1966

This study was conducted to observe the condition of the ramifications of the bronchus and pulmonary blood vascular system by injecting the vinylite into the bronchial tree and pulmonary blood vessels in 100 normal adult dogs. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Lungs of dog were composed of the same pulmonary territories as in lungs of human. 2. Cardiac lobe corresponding to R.medio-bassalis of human lungs was well developed and situated as a independent cardiac lobe, in ventral side of right lung. 3. Bronchial tree were in the patterns of axial divergency and blood vascular systems were (in general) branched along the bronchial tree, arteries lying near the bronchial tree but veins apart from it. 4. Among the branching patterns of bronchus pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein in each lobe, the type presented most frequently were noted, which were designated basic type by the author. 5. Pulmonary blood vessels were not always branched in accordance with bronchial tree, diverged inmore complex patterns, especially in venous vascular system. 6. Ramus anterior (lobe apicalis) was always observed in all casting specimen. 7. There was a case of peculiar variation patterns of the ramification in the bronchi directing into the left apical and cardiac lobe, arose respectivelly, at independent origin of bifurcation in the left bronchial stem, and a case of peculiar variation pattern of the artery entering left apical lobe and cardiac lobe, had a same origin of the bifurcation at rami pulmonary artery, and then divided respectivelly into the rami medi artery and rami left apical lobe artery. 8. In the classification based on the patterns of bronchial and blood vasculor divergencys, there were a lot of significant combination cases in their patterns.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.76-81
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• 2006

This paper analysed the characteristics of current density induced inside human body by 60 Hz extremely low frequency magnetic fields according to varying conductivities of human model. Human model was composed of several organs and other parts, whose shapes were expressed by spheroids or cylinders. Organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, liver and intestines were taken into account. Applying the boundary element method to the human model, we estimated effects on the induced current distribution due to differences of the organ conductivity and shape. We find organ conductivity influences most and a cross section area and a position of organ also gives effects.