• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.411-421
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• 2021

This study was conducted to compare the effects of student-generated questions (SGQ) and online quiz-based learning (OQL) applied to a physiology and a pharmacology course with 173 nursing students in total. The levels of learning motivation of all participants at 15th week decreased significantly compared with 8th week. There were no statistical difference on learning motivation, communication, and critical thinking between SGQ and OQL, and regardless of the order SGQ and OQL were applied. However, the level of learning satisfaction in students taking pharmacology course was significantly higher in OQL than SGQ (t=2.184, p=.003). We suggest that either SGQ or OQL or both SGQ and OQL be used throughout a semester in biological nursing science subjects without changing teaching strategy during a semester.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2019

This study was to investigate the effect of deontology and utilitarianism on the ethical values of nursing students and to provide basic data. Data collection was conducted from May 14 to June 1, 2018 in 180 students of a university nursing student in Daegu who explained their research and agreed to the study. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 program. In order to confirm the difference between the subjects' demographic characteristics and nursing-related characteristics, the independent t-test and ANOVA were used, and the post-test was conducted using the $Sch{\acute{e}}ffe$ post-test. The ethical values of the nursing students were $97.51{\pm}8.96$ out of 150, indicating that they were inclined toward the position of deontology. The first grade students were more dominant, and the higher the grade, the more inclined toward utilitarianism. It is necessary to develop education to establish ethical values so that ethical decision making can be done through philosophical thinking when various nursing dilemma situations in the clinical field are based on the results.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.61-78
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• 2001

The purpose of this research was to find out plans to promote the fulfillment of the breast self-examination and breast cancer screening, which is preventive health behavior about women's having breast cancer exam in some part of our country with searching for the primary causes which have an effect on their fulfillment. The subjects of the study were 540 literate volunteers who were of age from 20 to 69 and who visited 8 health centers in Taegu. The survey research was made through questionares in the 8 health centers in Taegu from the 15th to the 30th of September, 1998. Based on Becker's health belief model asking medical staff's opinions with bibliographies, the major findings from the survey was as follow. The fulfillment rate of the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening was 37.8％(204 subjects), 27.6％ (149 subjects) each. Getting breast self-exam varied significantly depending on subject's age, income of family, religion, occupation and the number of children. As far as the breast cancer screening was concerned, there was remarkably significant difference in accordance with their age, marital status, religion, occupation, income of family, the number of children, ways of nursing and parturition age of the first baby. The subjects in their forties accounted for the highest rate. Based on the fulfillment of the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening, the average points of all the variables presented from the health belief as well as the points of the susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, knowledge and level of health concern of interest in health were significantly higher than the points of non-fulfillment of them in the statistical analysis whereas the barriers was lower than them. In consequence of the multiple-logistic regression analysis putting the breast self-examination and the breast cancer screening in dependent variables, occupation, knowledge, seriousness, benefits, barriers and cues to action had significant effects on breast self-examination against breast cancer. Looking more attainments, thinking diseases more seriously, feeling more usefulness and there being any patient around with breast cancer led to the higher rate of the breast self-examination against it. On the other hand, feeling more impedition as well as housewives caused the lower rate of it. The breast cancer screening was significantly affected by age, sensitivity, usefulness, impedition and behavior momentum as well. The cases who are older, feeling more sensitivity against breast cancer, more usefulness of the examination and where any patient around, the fulfillment rate was higher. Contrarily the more impedition they felt, the lower the fulfillment rate was. Accordingly, the study of the causes, which have significant effects on the fulfillment of the self-examination and the breast cancer screening in order to find it in an early stage, and the development of health education programs as well as proper education for public health through carrying on campaigns and stepping up public relations must be indispensable.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.655-668
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• 2019

In this study, we investigated the middle school students' processes of scientific graph construction from the perspective of the problem solving process. Ten 9th graders participated in this study. They constructed a scientific graph based on pictorial data depicting precipitation reaction. The think-aloud method was used in order to investigate their thinking processes deeply. Their activities were videotaped, and semi-structured interviews were also conducted. The analysis of the results revealed that their processes of scientific graph construction could be classified into four types according to the problem solving strategy and the level of representations utilized. Students using the structural strategy succeeded in constructing scientific graph regardless of the level of representation utilized, by analyzing the data and identifying the trend based on the propositional knowledge about the target concept of the graph. Students of random strategy-higher order representation type were able to succeed in constructing scientific graph by systematically analyzing the characteristics of the data using various representations, and considering the meaning of the graph constructed in terms of the scientific context. On the other hand, students of random strategy-lower order representation type failed to construct correct scientific graph by constructing graph in a way of simply connecting points, and checking the processes of graph construction only without considering the scientific context. On the bases of the results, effective methods for improving students' ability to construct scientific graphs are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.124-143
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• 2000

Objectives：The primary purpose of this study is to understand the psychopathology of the victims of school violence in terms of early psychosis. By doing this, the early detection of psychosis among the victims is possible, and early detection may lead to early intervention. Methods：Two-thousand and nine-hundred seventy two students from 16 middle schools in Seoul were asked to fill out questionnaire comprised of popularity and intellectual and school status of Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Inventory, Symptom Check List-90-Revised, and Ostracism Scale. The subjects whose scores upon Ostracism Scale were higher than average by two standard deviation were labeled as ‘Repelled and Isolated group', and subjects whose scores on popularity were significantly lower than average and whose scores on psychoticism of SCL-90-R were higher than average were defined as 'tentative early psychosis group'. Odds ratios were calculated from the numbers of subjects with and without high psychoticism scores and high ostracism scores. On the subjects of 'tentative early psychotic group', we examined every clinical characteristic and conducted correlation analysis and regression analysis in order to find out the risk factors and to construct theoretical model that explains the psychoticism scores. Results：The results were as follows：1) Total 157(5.3%) subjects were rated significantly higher on ostracism scale, and among them, 47 subjects(29.9%) were rated significantly higher than average on psychoticism scale, while only 50 subjects among 2,135 students who were rated within normal range showed significantly higher score on psychoticism scale. Odds ratio for psychotic group of isolated group were 17.82 and it was statistically significant. 2) Forty-seven subjects(31 boys, 16 girls) who were rated as they were unpopular and rejected from peers had significantly higher psychoticism scores. They were not significantly different from simply high psychoticism subjects in anxiety, social anhedonia scale, magical thinking, obsessivecompulsive symptoms, phobic anxiety, psychoticism, somatization, but showed higher ostracism scores and paranoid tendencies. Among school violence victims, who rated themselves unpopular and showed higher psychoticism scores, the psychoticism scores were mainly explained by anxiety, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paranoid tendency, somatization scales($r^2=0.93$). Conclusion：Thus, it can be concluded that the subjects with higher ostracism score have the substantially high risk for psychosis development. By these results, we propose that school violence victims with anxiety, depression, hostility, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, paranoid tendency, somatization should be tested individually considering school adjustment, attentional deficit, concept formation problems.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2005

Objectives : To investigate the fatigue subjective symptoms and VDT related risk factors in bank workers. Methods : A total of 2178 workers (62.8% male, 37.2% female) were surveyed with a self-administered and structured questionnaire consisting of 30 fatigue symptoms and other VDT related factors regarding work characteristics, work postures, work environments, personal medical histories, etc. Fatigue subjective symptoms were divided into 3 groups of 10 questions each: a dull, drowsy and exhausted feeling (Group I), a mental decline of working motivation (Group II), or a feeling of incongruity in the body and dysfunction of autonomic nervous system (Group III). Each question was weighted as 0 for 'none', 1 for 'sometimes', and 2 for 'always'. Results : Mean age was $35.8{\pm}7.2$ years ($38.9{\pm}6.0$ in males, $30.6{\pm}5.8$ in females), Mean work duration was $7.7{\pm}7.1$ years ($8.4{\pm}7.4$ in males, $6.5{\pm}6.4$ in females). Mean symptom score in males was $11.0{\pm}8.1$ ($4.9{\pm}3.1$ in Group I, $3.0{\pm}3.1$ in Group II, $3.1{\pm}2.8$ in Group III) and in females was $17.5{\pm}9.5$ ($7.0{\pm}3.8$ in Group I, $4.6{\pm}3.5$ in Group II, $5.9{\pm}3.4$ in Group III). Mean scores were higher in the order of Group I>III>II. Females had significantly higher scores than males in all three groups (p<0.001). Most common symptoms complained of as 'always' or 'sometimes' were feel strained in the eyes' (85.4%) among Group I, 'find difficulty in thinking'(54.2%) among Group II, and 'feel stiff in the shoulders (72.3%) among Group III. In multiple regression analysis, female, non-straight spine at workstation, more VDT work hours, history of physical therapy, glare of screen, overtime work, young age, and non-horizontal elbow position were significantly related with high score of symptoms. Conclusions : More supportive VDT work environment and education for correct work postures for VDT workers are recommended.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.456-465
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the educational effects of an animation materials developed with the macroscopic particle moving sight. The 11 animations developed by the researchers showed the movements of molecules, ions, and electrons. The materials were developed for teachers to use when they taught "electrochemical cell' unit. The subjects were 151 students of 9th grade who were divided into the experimental and control group and were taught during 16 hours. In order to figure out the characteristics of each student before the instructions, a short-version GALT(Group Assessment of Logical Thinking) and the pretest of conceptions were carried out. After the instructions, students tested 3 types of exam; the posttest of conceptions, attitude test connected with science, cognition test. After 4 months later, students tested the posttest of conceptions agin for long-term memory effect. It was found that the exper-imental group using the developed animation materials had significantly higher scores of conceptual understanding than control group. The experimental group had also significantly higher scores of the long-term memory test and attitude test than control group. The results mean that animation materials which shows the macroscopic particle movement help stu-dents to understand scientific concepts and to elevate interests.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.17-28
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• 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to provide the measures for improving the self-directed learning ability and the reference data for substantializing the educational programs by verifying the main factors affecting the self-directed learning ability of dental hygiene students in reality when the learners' autonomy is emphasized than ever. Methods: From June 20 to July 4, 2022, an online survey was conducted targeting total 218 dental hygiene students. The collected data was analyzed by using the SPSS Program Version 22.0. Results: First, in the results of analyzing differences in detailed items of self-directed learning ability according to the general characteristics, the 'students who entered the department of dental hygiene by considering their aptitude and interest' showed higher results than the 'students who entered the department by considering their high school record'. Second, when the academic efficacy, study immersion, and problem-solving ability of dental hygiene students were higher, their self-directed learning ability was also high. Third, the factor that had the greatest effect on self-directed learning ability of dental hygiene students was problem-solving ability, which was followed by academic efficacy and study immersion. Conclusion: Putting together the results above, in order to cultivate the problem-solving ability of dental hygiene students, it would be necessary to operate the problem-solving-centered simulation course that could foster critical thinking, interactions with others, and creative approach and solution to problems in dental medical site. It would be also possible to improve their academic efficacy by applying the learning mentoring & one-to-one learning counseling program, and also strengthening proper feedbacks for learners. Moreover, the study immersion could be strengthened by developing and operating the emotion-based learning motivation program & learning coaching program through the process of verifying the potential and growth needs of learners, exploring one's own resources through learning diagnosis/introspection, and exploring the career-related vision for strengthening the learning motivation, which could have positive effects on the improvement of self-directed learning ability.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.733-742
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• 2023

This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of outcome expectation in the relationship between strengths knowledge and career adaptability for nursing students. The participants of this study were 284 nursing students in three Universities in G City, J Province. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis. Also mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test.. Career adaptability is positively correlated with strengths knowledge(r=.61, p<.001), outcome expectation(r=.55, p<.001), and strengths knowledge is positively correlated with outcome expectation(r=.41, p<.001). The outcome expectation showed a partial mediating effect between the strengths knowledge and the career adaptability(Z=3.85, p<.001). The positive the strengths knowledge(𝛽=.44, p<.001), the higher the outcome expectation(𝛽=.33, p<.001), the higher the career adaptability level, and the explanatory power to explain career adaptability was 50%. Therefore, in order to improve the career adaptability of nursing students, it suggests that it is necessary not only to recognize strengths with positive thinking about individuals, but also to improve attitudes to form desirable outcome expectations at the same time.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.63-74
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to analyze the levels of learners' participation and interactions both quantitatively and qualitatively based on the learners' choices of topic patterns in a process of online debate of a general subject and to explore the effects in order to suggest the ways for activating online debates. For this, it quantitatively analyzed the messages and the patterns in the online debate boards and supplementally implemented a post survey in order to investigate the participants' recognition on the factors of the learners' interactions and the effects. The given topic patterns were 'the presentation of one's opinion' and 'the presentation of pros and cons.' As a result of the analysis, the participating degree was higher in the pattern of 'the presentation of one's opinion' apart from the previous study. This study surveyed and, based on the result, it proposed the teachers should refer to the participants' tendency in advance. Also, it presented the deeper meanings on the interactions extracted by the results of the survey. The learners showed the strong dependence on the teacher' lectures or his materials and a variety of interactions with diverse objects. Besides, it is revealed that debates are helpful factors for enhancing learners' argumentative thinking, writing skills, and the knowledge about the subject in terms of the participants' recognition. Based on the findings, this study emphasized the teachers' educational roles and suggested the educational effects of the online debates in each class should be activated in this era of distance education.