• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2009

The noodle is one of the most popular meal as a main dish in Korea and onions are reported to contain high levels of flavonoids such as quercetin, aglycone, and quercetin 4-glycoside. This study was conducted to develop the wet noodle with onion juice and to examine the cooking quality, textural properties of it. Five sensory attributes such as gloss, chewiness, adhesiveness, odor, and taste were used for sensory evaluations. Optimal amount of onion(149.5 g) and salt (6.5 g) satisfied target sensory score(7.0) was suggested by response surface methodology. The wet noodle with optimal amount of onion juice and salt was tasted by 100 consumer and showed high score(6.67) in overall acceptability. Cooking quality was measured through absorption of water, volume, degree of turbidity. The volume, water absorption, and cooking water turbidity of cooked wet noodle with onion juice(experimental noodle) were significantly(p<0.01) higher than the control one. Texture profile analysis of experimental noodle showed a lower score of hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, and chewiness. However, it appeared that the experimental noodle showed higher score for cohesiveness than the control noodle.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to find out the optimal mixing ratios of three different amounts of pectin, sugar and citric acid for preparation of garlic jam through response surface methodology(RSM) based on the sweetness, pH, color, sensory and texture test. As the sucrose content increased, the sweetness, cohesiveness, color, flavor, gloss and overall palatability of garlic jam tended to be high and the lightness tended to be low. As the pectin content increased, the adhesiveness of garlic jam tended to increase. As the citric acid content increased, the overall palatability of garlic jam tended to be high and the pH tended to be low. The Pectin levels were included 1.8-2.1g, sucrose levels were included 325-342g and citric acid levels were 5.8-6.1g. The optimal mixing ratios of a pectin, sugar and citric acid for manufacturing the best quality of garlic jam were 2.0g, 334g and 6.0g, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.128-138
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to identify the effects of body satisfaction and self-esteem on the make-up degree of middle and high school girls. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection from 432 students. The results were as follows: 1) Most of middle and high school girls were in height of 161-165cm and weight of 56-60kg. Satisfaction level of middle and high school girls with their eyes was the highest and that of weight was the lowest. They showed strong intention to modify their appearances and were dissatisfied with their body. 2) Middle and high school girls' satisfaction level of home life self-esteem was the highest, but that of school life was the lowest. 3) Middle and high school girls used cosmetics to protect their skins and paid much attention to their skins. They collected cosmetics informations from their friends or family members, and began to use point make-ups from their middle school years. They purchased cosmetics at cosmetic specialty store or internet shopping mall frequently. Most of them spent less than 10,000 won monthly for cosmetics, and used lip gloss and ultraviolet rays interceptors over their face with basic cosmetics. 4) Expenditures for cosmetics, self-esteem on their appearances, and pocket money affected on make-up degree. Middle and high school girls who spent more money for cosmetics and more pocket money with higher self~esteem on their appearances showed higher degree of make-ups.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2007

In order to prepare high-solid coatings, acrylic resins, HSCs [poly (EA/EMA/2-HEMA/CLA)] that contain 90% solid, were synthesized by copolymerization of ethyl acrylate (EA), ethyl methacrylate (EMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) and caprolactone acrylate (CLA). The high-solid coatings named as CHSCs (HSCs/HDI-trimer) were prepared by the curing reaction between the acrylic resins containing 90% solid contents and the isocyanates (HDI-trimer) curing agent room temperature. The curing behavior and various properties were examined on the film coated with the both high-solid coatings. The glass transition temperatures $(T_g)$ of CHSCs increased proportionally with increasing the predicted $T_g$ value by Fox equation, and had nothing to do with the solid contents. The prepared film showed good properties for $60^{\circ}$ specular gloss, impact resistance, cross-hatch adhesion and heat resistance, and bad properties for pencil hardness, drying time, and pot-life. Among the film properties, the heat resistance was very excellent and could be explained by the introduction of functional monomers of CLA.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.322-331
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• 2008

In order to synthesize high-solid coatings, acrylic resins (HSAs) containing 90% solid content were first synthesized, then the synthesized HSAs were cured with a curing agent, isocyanate, at room temperature to obtain high-solid coatings. In the HSAs synthesis, conversion was in a range of $82{\sim}87%$, and viscosities and number-averaged molecular weight ($M_n$) of the HSAs were in a range of $4380{\sim}8010$ cP and $1540{\sim}1660$, respectively. From the correlation between $T_g$ value, viscosity and $M_n$, it was found that, with increasing $T_g$ value, viscosity increases rapidly and molecular weight increases slowly. From the visco-elasity measured by the pendulum method, it was found that the curing time decreased with increasing $T_g$ values. From the tests of physical properties of the coatings' film, $60^{\circ}$ specular gloss, impact resistance and heat resistance were proved to be good and pencil hardness, drying time and pot-life were proved to be poor.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.30 no.4 s.48
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• pp.543-548
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• 2004

For pearl pigments used for splendor or gloss effect of make-up products, especiallv point make-up products like eye-shadow and blusher, we studied the variation of particle size distribution by the grinding time and by the binder used as a binding agent. In this study. high speed mixer was used and the particle sire distribution was measured by using the light scattering method. In case of pearl pigments, its median diameter of $5{\;}{\mu}m$, the particle size was reduced to 4.6 um when it was ground for 120 s. When it was applied for the pearl pigment of $45{\;}{\mu}m$, the particle size was reduced to $27{\;}{\mu}m$. We confirmed that the latter was reduced more largely and the original gloss was reduced too. For the binder, we studied the correlation between particle size of raw material and grinding time. We also investigated the effects of the binder contents on the variation of particle size distribution of products by aggregation of particles.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-156
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• 2010

One of resins, V-Flon is useful as a coating material because YK-D80, which is a solvent for V-Flon, is not highly volatile. However, it can not completely harden and can flow out when metal artifacts are joined and restored in the process of the treatment. Therefore, after the impregnation process in order to accelerate the hardening speed of a coating material, usually a dry oven was adopted. This study focused on finding the problems on the dry oven which is employed to increase the speed and investigating the most effective solvent and its composition by checking any change occurred depending on the concentration of solvents. Six different types of solvents were selected and samples were prepared in a manner that they were impregnated with solvents in three concentrations respectively (10%, 20%, 30%). To determine the condition of the samples, the stability evaluation was performed by measuring the change of color and the gloss, the thickness of coated layers, the corrosion after coating, the water resistance by contact angles. Through the comparative experiments between the natural drying and the artificial drying using a dry oven, it was found that when the dry oven is used, some problems are identified on the point of forming a uniform and stable layer because of the unstable data collected from the forced artificial dry. The experiments performed using 3 different concentration rates (10%, 20%, 30%) presented that in the case of 10% V-Flon in Xylene (using as a solvent), its layer was thin as well as it showed the high water-barrier property, which allows it to form the stably coated layer with the lower gloss and color change.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.501-510
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the degradation of adhesives when exposed to ultraviolet light irradiation using samples of lacquer (L), treated lacquer (TL), lacquer mixed with glue (LG), and urushiol mixed with glue (UG). Four types of film specimens were collected under the ultraviolet exposure time, and gloss test, tensile shear strength test, scanning electron microscope analysis, and infrared spectroscopic analysis were conducted for the specimens. LG and UG showed lowering rate of gloss is somewhat later than L. Also, it was observed that with increasing exposure time to ultraviolet irradiation, the surface of L began to show spherical pits and cracks when the polysaccharide layers started to be exposed, whereas the surfaces of LG and UG remained smooth. The Infrared spectra of L and TL showed that the intensity of the overall peak decreased with increasing ultraviolet irradiation time. There was no change in the peak intensity of LG, but for UG, the peaks at $3013cm^{-1}$, $1593cm^{-1}$ and so on disappeared and the overall intensity declined. The tensile shear strength of LG and UG was maintained or increased as compared to the initial test, whereas the tensile shear strength of L decreased sharply after 600 h. LG and UG exhibited fewer changes as a result of high temperature and humidity conditions, and they retained their strength under UV exposure. These results indicate that LG and UG are more durable than L when subjected to environmental change.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.415-421
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• 2003

The study for producing the flake powders by milling of aluminum foil and gas atomized powders was carried out. The effects of lifter bars on the ball motions and milling of aluminum foils were also investigated. The aluminum foils were laminated each other, elongated, fragmented into small foils and finally formed into the flake powders during the dry ball-milling. The spherical atomized-powders were milled to coarse flake powders with high aspect ratio and then changed to fine flake powders with lower aspect ratio. Even though long times were required for making flake powders by milling of foils, the water covering areas of them were higher than those of powders milled using gas-atomized powders, suggesting aluminum foils were more plastically deformed by micro-forging. On the other hand, as the number of lifter bars increased, the necessary rotation speeds of milling jar for cascading mode and cataracting mode decreased drastically. It was possible to achieve same quality of milled flake powder by using the lifter bars under the lower milling speeds. The painting test showed that the appearance of painted surface was good and optimum content range of aluminum paste in car paint to maximize the degree of gloss was 3-5%.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.915-924
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• 1996

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface roughness of glass ionomer cement during initial setting time followed by applying surface coating agent. No other finishing or polishing procedure is done and each surface coating agents (varnish, adhesive, gloss, sealant) are used after filling of glass ionomer cement. Surface roughness indices(Ra) are measured and surface contours are obtained electronically by Surfcorder SEF-30D(Kosaka laboratory Ltd., Japan). The results are as follows: 1. During initial setting time, surface roughness increases slightly regardless of surface coating agents. But it is statistically insignificant. (p>0.05) 2. Among surface coating agents used, Ra indices of group using varnish are high significantly compared to other groups regardless of elapsed time.(p<0.05) Among the groups which has used other surface coating agents except for the varnish group, similar Ra index all over the experiment is obtained, when compared to control group (no agent). 3. If no surface treatment is performed, tri-cure glass ionomer cement (Vitremer) has higher Ra Index than light cure glass ionomer cement (Fuji II LC) (t<0.05). But there is no difference between two groups in Ra index if any kinds of agents are applied except for sealant. (t>0.05)