• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.34.1-34.11
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• 2022

Multilevel analysis is an appropriate and powerful tool for analyzing hierarchical structure data widely applied from public health to genomic data. In practice, however, we may lose the information on multiple nesting levels in the multilevel analysis since data may fail to capture all levels of hierarchy, or the top or intermediate levels of hierarchy are ignored in the analysis. In this study, we consider a multilevel linear mixed effect model (LMM) with single imputation that can involve all data hierarchy levels in the presence of missing top or intermediate-level clusters. We evaluate and compare the performance of a multilevel LMM with single imputation with other models ignoring the data hierarchy or missing intermediate-level clusters. To this end, we applied a multilevel LMM with single imputation and other models to hierarchically structured cohort data with some intermediate levels missing and to simulated data with various cluster sizes and missing rates of intermediate-level clusters. A thorough simulation study demonstrated that an LMM with single imputation estimates fixed coefficients and variance components of a multilevel model more accurately than other models ignoring data hierarchy or missing clusters in terms of mean squared error and coverage probability. In particular, when models ignoring data hierarchy or missing clusters were applied, the variance components of random effects were overestimated. We observed similar results from the analysis of hierarchically structured cohort data.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study examines the mediating effect of clan leadership in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. Most previous research focused on the relationship between organizational culture and organizational performance or organizational culture and job satisfaction. There are few empirical studies that focus on organizational commitment data because it is difficult to collect in many cases of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises. However, this research measures affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment differently than previous research, which is mostly focused on the hierarchy culture, clan leadership, and organizational commitment measurements. Research design, data, methodology: Conceptual research model is based on the studies of Cameron and Quinn (2011), and Gungor and Sahin (2018). The model is designed with three constructs such as hierarchy culture, organizational commitment, and clan leadership. The monitor culture and coordinator culture are as proxy for the hierarchy culture. The affective commitment, continuance commitment, and normative commitment are as proxy for the organizational commitment. And also the facilitator leadership and mentor leadership are as proxy for the clan leadership. Based on three hundred cases such as export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), this study verify the hypothesis. Hypothesis was analyzed with the structural equation modeling. Results: In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), clan leadership acts as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with high organizational commitment, clan leadership acts as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. In case of export-driven small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) with low organizational commitment, clan leadership did not act as a mediator in the relationship between hierarchy culture and organizational commitment. Conclusions: By controlling for the mediating effect of clan culture, this study have improved the academic contributions as well as policy and practical implications through empirical study of clan leadership that affect organizational commitment in the fields of hierarchy culture. In addition, this study means that the mediating effects on the variables of clan leadership were examined.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제12C권7호
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• pp.981-988
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• 2005

ARBAC(adminstrative role-based access control)은 다수의 보안 관리자에 의한 분산 권한관리를 위한 대표적인 보안 모델이다. 각각의 보안 관리자는 역할계층 내에서 자신의 권한 관리 영역을 지정 받는다. ARBAC 모델의 문제중의 하나는 역할계층에 대한 합법적인 변경행위가 불법적 정보 흐름과 같은 원하지 않는 결과를 가져올 수 있다는 점이다. 이를 방지하기 위해 ARBAC 모델의 일부인 RRA97 모델에서는 역할 계층의 기하학적 구조에 기초한 복잡한 제약조건을 제시하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 집합론에 기초한 단일 무결성 규칙을 제안한다. 이 규칙은 단순하고 직관적이며, RRA97 모델의 모든 제약조건을 대체할 수 있다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.71-86
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• 2016

This paper proposes a new software quality model composed of a hierarchy of software quality views and three software quality characteristics models. The software view hierarchy is composed of two levels : end view and means view at the first level, contingency view and intrinsic view as sub-views of means view. Three software quality characteristics models are activity quality characteristics model, contingency quality characteristics model, and intrinsic quality characteristics model, which correspond to end view, contingency view, and intrinsic view respectively. This paper also reclassifies characteristics of ISO/IEC 25000 series SQuaRE's software product quality model according to the proposed software quality model. The results illustrate clearly the shortcomings of SQuaRE's product quality model and how to overcome them. First of all, most of SQuaRE's product characteristics should be redefined and conceptually clarified according to the views on which they are really rested. Much more characteristics should be supplemented too. After that, rigorous empirical researches will become relevant. Causal relationships between activity quality characteristics and characteristics of means view should be empirically researched.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.57-84
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 심리적 계약이론, 사회적 정체성 이론, 효과계층모형을 이론적 근거로 하여 광고가 종업원의 조직 동일시에 미치는 영향에 관한 구조적 모형을 제시하였다. 연구결과, 광고 정확성은 광고태도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으나 광고 관련성은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그리고 광고태도는 조직 동일시에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 본 연구의 결과는 광고에 대한 종업원의 평가가 광고태도를 매개로 하여 조직 동일시에 영향을 미치는 관계를 밝혔다는 점에서 이론적 의의가 있다.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

정부의 청년 창업 장려 정책과 함께 대학별로 창업을 활성화하기 위한 많은 노력을 하고 있고, 대학의 창업 프로그램은 대학생들의 창업을 지원하고 활성화할 수 있는 가장 중요한 부분이라 할 수 있다. 하지만 대학내 창업 프로그램에 대한 관심과 참여는 낮은 편이기 때문에, 창업과 창업 프로그램에 대한 관심과 참여를 올리기 위해서는 학생들의 창업과 창업 프로그램에 대한 인식을 심층적으로 살펴볼 필요가 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 효과위계모형을 활용하여 각 단계별 대학생들의 인식을 탐색하고 창업프로그램 참여를 방해하는 병목요인들을 파악하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 창업과 창업프로그램에 대한 다른 수준의 관심과 참여를 가진 표본들을 활용해 표적집단면접법과 심층면접법을 실시하였으며, 효과위계모형의 각 단계별 병목 요인들(창업욕구관련 9개 요인, 창업 프로그램 인지관련 4개 요인, 태도관련 7개 요인, 참여&참여의도관련 5개 요인)을 제시하였다. 이러한 결과는 정량적 연구에 치중되어 있던 창업 연구를 보완하고 있으며, 특히 지방대학교 사례를 중심으로 접근함으로써 중요한 실무적 시사점을 더하고 있다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to evaluate an effect of the new air traffic control display designed by Ecological Interface Design [EID]. The methodology of EID has not been applied to the development of the air traffic control display so far. To design a new air traffic control display by EID, We implemented Work Domain Analysis about the air traffic control domain and made the Work Domain Model that consisted of the five levels of the Abstraction Hierarchy. We extracted the Information Requirement from the completed Work Domain Model and the extracted information requirements from the model were used to design the new air traffic control display. We evaluated an effect of the new air traffic control display designed by EID. Participants for evaluating consisted of 14 active military air traffic controller of the Republic of Korea Air Force. Experiment was designed two factors within subject. Factors manipulated in the experiment included displays type to compare the existing type with the new ecological interface type and included complexity to compare the effect of the high complex situation with the effect of the low complex situation. Response time about questions with relation to air traffic collision situation, accuracy, and subjective work load were measured. The results reveled that EID type's display has a significant effect on response time, accuracy, and subjective work load and verified that EID could be applied to the air traffic control domain that is more complex and dynamic.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.64-75
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• 2018

A status of air traffic controller is a government officer and air traffic controllers who work at airport are divided by duty rating and work experience. Abiding by law, rules and regulation, air traffic controllers are working together based on mutual trust. This paper's theoretical background is based on cultural bias theory. The theory divide people group into four groups according to cultural bias such as fatalism, hierarchy, individualism and egalitarianism. A research model was designed how such four cultural bias could affect air traffic controller's risk response in case of emergency or abnormal situation during their work. Depend on empirical research, it was found that air traffic controllers perceived they had been more biased to fatalism than hierarchy. The characteristics of fatalism group are as follows: first of all, they follow rigid rules and regulation. However, they have less self-efficacy compared to other government officers. According to structural equation model, air traffic controller's fatalism had a significant negative effect on organizational royalty. Their royalty, however, had a very significant positive effect on planning response and immediate response.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.119-136
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• 2016

본 연구는 프로젝트 조직(Project Management Office: PMO)의 성과 평가 모델인 펜타곤 모델을 활용하여 IT 분야의 PMO 역량과 성과를 평가할 수 있는 모델 및 세부지표를 제시하는 연구이다. 펜타곤 모델은 정보화 프로젝트 성과에 영향을 미치는 PMO 역량요인을 다섯 가지로 구분, 즉 구조(Structure), 기술(Technology), 조직문화(Culture), 상호작용(Interaction), 사회적 관계와 네트워크(Social Relations and Networks)로 분류하여 접근한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 다섯 가지 상위 요인에 대한 세부요인을 설계하여, AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) 분석을 활용하여 역량 요인(5개의 상위요인과 25개의 세부요인) 간의 중요도를 분석을 하였다. 연구결과 Structure 부문에서는 3개의 세부요인이 상위 10위 안에 포함되었으며, Technology, Culture, Interaction 부문에서는 각각 2개 세부요인이, Social Relations and Networks 부문에서는 1개의 세부요인이 10위 안에 포함되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 정보화 프로젝트 성과를 관리할 수 있는 틀(framework)을 제시한다는 점, 그리고 틀을 구성하는 상위요인에 속한 하위 세부요인의 우선순위를 도출하였다는 시사점을 제시한다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2016

We conducted this research for the purpose of examining the effects of organizational culture on service quality and customer satisfaction in the military hospital organizations in Korea. The research samples were collected from employees in 12 military hospitals belonged to the Armed Forces Command. For the analysis we used SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 20.0 program for conducting reliability tests, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model analysis in order to find the relationship between the variables analyzed. The result of this study shows that the military hospitals in Korea have strong relationship-oriented culture, but weak hierarchy-oriented culture. Among the three groups of military hospitals, innovation-oriented culture and relationship-oriented culture were the strongest in the executive agency hospital group, task-oriented culture was the strongest in the group of the he frontline hospitals and hierarchy-oriented culture was the strongest in the group of the rear area hospitals. It was found that the executive agency hospitals have the strongest service quality and customer satisfaction among the hospital groups analyzed. This research also found that relationship-oriented culture and innovation-oriented culture have a direct positive(+) effect on service quality; hierarchy oriented culture has a direct negative(-) effect on service quality; task oriented culture has a direct positive(+) effect on customer satisfaction, and service quality mediated between organizational culture and customer satisfaction. The findings from this study suggests that implementing the dynamic strategies for organizational culture with focus on service qualities is needed given that customer satisfaction in the military hospitals is highly affected by service quality.