• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.15-26
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• 2011

Game level design is a collaborative work to create a virtual world for a computer game including maps, agents, monsters, objects, players and events based on predefined its game scenario. It is a promising collaborative design application. The game level design generally requires much time and cost, as the size of its target game space becomes huge. However, traditional game level design tools do not provide concurrency control mechanisms among multiple participating game designers. They do not provide consistency of undo and redo mechanisms for erroneous collaborative tasks during iterative modifications and updates of collaborative tasks among multiple designers. In this paper, we propose a concurrency control and a collaborative editing mechanism to enhance productivity of the collaborative game level design. The proposed system provides hierarchical structures of shared objects and a concurrency control mechanism for each object. The proposed system also provides a consistent undo and redo mechanism to enhance modifications and updates on intermediate results of the level design procedures.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.494-502
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• 2017

This study examined the change in the students' perception of infection after school education. A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 300 dental hygiene students in Kangwon from December 3 to December 4, 2016. The contents of the questionnaire included the general characteristics (5 items), infection-related selection (2 items), infection control recognition (5 items), and infection control behavior (10 items). The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, t-test, one way ANOVA, Chi-square test, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS 24.0. The Cronbach's Alpha was 0.941 and 0.658, respectively. The school year and hospital practice experience had some influence on the change in infection recognition. A total of 127 students (62.6%) who had experience in practicing in hospitals knew more about antibodies. Hand washing was the highest in personal protection, followed by masks. The selection of the infectious control education method showed that the practical training class was high irrespective of the hospital practice experience, and the perceptions of patient-related infections were the greatest explanatory factor in perception after education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.291-301
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of the spiritual mediating and the control effects of these between the death anxiety and meaning of life in baby boomers. The data for the analysis were collected for baby boomers born in A City from 1955 to 1963 and used a total of 500 data for the final analysis. For the analysis method, SPSS 21.0 was used for descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis for investigate correlation between variables, mediating regression analysis for each variable hypothesis test, and control effect of spirituality. We conducted a hierarchical regression analysis to examine the correlation between the two variables. The analysis results are as follows. First, we found that anxiety of death has a significantly effect on the meaning of life. Second, spirituality mediation has a significantly positive effect on the meaning of life. Third, the mediating effect of spirituality was proved in the relationship between death anxiety and meaning of life, and the control effect of spirituality was significant in the relation of death anxiety and meaning of life. As a result of these, it is demonstrating that the meaning of life can be enhanced by strengthening spirituality according to the degree of death anxiety in baby boomers. It shows a way to reduce or eliminate death anxiety that affects the meaning of life and strengthen spirituality.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.187-198
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• 2020

The purpose of the study is to investigate infection management status of long term care hospitals and infection prevention knowledge of caregivers. This is descriptive study to investigate the factors affecting caregivers' infection control performance in long term care hospitals. The data collection period was from August, 2018, and a total of 197 caregivers from 8 long term care hospitals. The data analysis were done Win SPSS 20.0 with t-test, ANOVA, pearson's correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Infection prevention knowledge was positively correlated with infection control performance (p=<.001). The factors influencing performance in a long term care hospital caregivers were over seventy years old (t=2.50, p=.013), eight-hour working time (t=-2.62, p=.010), nursing staffing First grades (t=2.48, p=.014), and infection prevention knowledge (t=2.96 p=.003), which explained 12.9% (F=6.70 p<.001). In summary, we recommend to develop infection education interventions to improve caregivers' infection control performance in long term care hospitals and to improve of the function in long term care hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.297-309
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• 2007

The first Korean geostationary weather satellite, Communications, Oceanography and Meteorology Satellite (COMS) will be launched in 2008. The ground station for COMS needs to perform geometric correction to improve accuracy of satellite image data and to broadcast geometrically corrected images to users within 30 minutes after image acquisition. For such a requirement, we developed automated and fast geometric correction techniques. For this, we generated control points automatically by matching images against coastline data and by applying a robust estimation called RANSAC. We used GSHHS (Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution Shoreline) shoreline database to construct 211 landmark chips. We detected clouds within the images and applied matching to cloud-free sub images. When matching visible channels, we selected sub images located in day-time. We tested the algorithm with GOES-9 images. Control points were generated by matching channel 1 and channel 2 images of GOES against the 211 landmark chips. The RANSAC correctly removed outliers from being selected as control points. The accuracy of sensor models established using the automated control points were in the range of $1{\sim}2$ pixels. Geometric correction was performed and the performance was visually inspected by projecting coastline onto the geometrically corrected images. The total processing time for matching, RANSAC and geometric correction was around 4 minutes.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.107-119
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• 2022

This study was a descriptive research study to identify the effects of related knowledge to COVID-19, infection control performance, and job stress in emergency department nurses due to COVID-19 on nursing performance, to improve emergency department nurses' ability to cope with emerging infectious diseases and to prepare basic data for effective nursing work. This study was collected data from August, 10 until September, 10, 2021, for 165 emergency department nurses in 26 hospitals, which were located in G province and designated as regional emergency medical institutions, and total 150 copies were finally analyzed. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, and multiple regression. As a result of analyzing the variables affecting the subject's nursing job performance by multiple regression using the hierarchical selection method, the higher the infection control performance and the higher the job stress, the more higher the nursing job performance, and the explanatory power was 18.4%. The study results showed that infection control performance, job stress, and non-shift work had an effect on nursing performance. It was thought that various plans to protect them, reduced tasks to efficiently perform and the nursing ability to cope with emerging infectious disease should be prepared to improve and reduce the job stress of emergency department nurses.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.472-480
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• 2016

In this study, 110 adults aged 40 to 69 years were surveyed from April 28, 2016, to May 28, 2016 to analyze their periodontal status according to daily stress, coping methods, and oral health behavior. The collected data were analyzed using the t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and hierarchical multiple regression. Daily stress levels of all subjects were most frequent potential risk 64.5% of the subjects, the high risk 19.1% and 16.4% of the health group. Regarding stress coping methods, active methods recorded 2.46, passive methods recorded 2.32. Regarding oral health behaviors, subjects brushed an average of 2.45 times daily, for an average of 2 minutes. Futhermore, 69.1% of subjects brushed before bedtime and 89.1% practiced scaling. Regarding periodontal status, the O'Leary index was 73.45, gingivitis index was 1.30, an average of 2.83 quadrants possessed a periodontal pocket. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified, type of employment (${\beta}=-0.348$), scaling (${\beta}=-0.253$), and age (${\beta}=0.244$) as factors that influence the number of quadrants possessing a periodontal pocket. These results confirmed that the oral health behavior of scaling, but not stress levels of coping methods, strongly influenced periodontal status.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2013

Increasing the river cross-section by barrage construction causes rises in the average river water levels and discharge rates in the rainy season. The time series patterns for groundwater levels measured at 23 riverside monitoring wells along the lower Nakdong River are compared for two cases: before and after water-filling at the Changnyeong-Haman Barrage. Monthly average groundwater levels indicate a distinct increase in groundwater levels in the upstream riverside close to the barrage. River-water level management by barrage gate control in August, during the rainy season, resulted in a 0.1 m decrease in groundwater levels, while water-filling at the barrage in December caused a 1.3 m increase in groundwater levels. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis indicate that seven groundwater monitoring wells and river water levels were in the same group before barrage construction, but that this number increased to 14 after barrage construction. Principal component analysis revealed that the explanation power of two principal components corresponding to river fluctuation, PC1 and PC2, was approximately 82% before barrage construction but decreased to 45% after construction. This finding indicates that the effect of the river level component that contributes to change in groundwater level, decreases after barrage construction; consequently, other factors, including groundwater pumping, become more important. Continuous surveying and monitoring is essential for understanding change in the hydrological environment. Water policy that takes groundwater-surface water interaction into consideration should be established for riverside areas.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.302-314
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among character, nursing professionalism, self-efficacy and self-directed learning ability of nursing students as well as to identify the factors influencing self-directed learning ability. Data were collected from May 22 to June 8, 2017 using a self-report questionnaire and questionnaires from 396 nursing students in J Province. The data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Dunnett's T3 test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. The mean scores of character, nursing professionalism, self-efficacy and self-directed learning ability were $3.93{\pm}0.47$, $3.83{\pm}0.48$, $3.53{\pm}0.59$ and $3.63{\pm}0.51$, respectively. Character, nursing professionalism, and self-efficacy were positively correlated with self-directed learning ability. The factors influencing self-directed learning ability of nursing students were participation in class, satisfaction with major, awareness of self-initiated life, self-control, will and competence, habit, and self-efficacy, nursing professionalism had no significant effect. Based on these findings, programs that develop character, self-efficacy, and nursing professionalism are necessary for nursing students to promote self-directed learning ability.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.6
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• pp.573-586
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• 2008

The improved performance and miniaturization of computer and the improvement of wireless communication technology have enabled the emergence of many high quality services. Among them multicast services are receiving much attention and their usage is increasing due to the increase of Internet multimedia services such as video conference, multimedia stream, internet TV, etc. Security plays an important role in mobile multicast services. In this paper, we proposed a secure multicast protocol for a hierarchical micro-mobility environment. The proposed secure multicast protocol provides security services such as authentication, access control, confidentiality and integrity using mechanisms including symmetric/asymmetric key crypto-algorithms and capabilities. To provide forward/backward secrecy and scalability, we used sub-group keys based on the hierarchical micro-mobility environment. With this security services, it is possible to guard against all kinds of security attacks performed by illegal mobile nodes. Attacks executed by internal nodes can be thwarted except those attacks which delete packet or cause network resources to be wasted. We used simulator to measure the performance of proposed protocol. As a result, the simulation showed that effect of these security mechanisms on the multicast protocol was not too high.