• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.141-159
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• 2011

본 연구에서 초등학교 6학년 학생들이 도형의 높이 개념을 이해하는 데 어떠한 특징을 보이는지 알아보기 위하여 초등학교 6학년 학생들이 평면도형(삼각형, 평행사변형, 사다리꼴), 입체도형(원뿔, 원기둥, 각기둥, 각뿔)의 높이 개념 이해에서 어떠한 특징을 보이는지를 알아보았다. 그 결과로 학생들은 평면도형의 높이 측정에서 밑변이 수형하지 않은 도형에서 어려움을 나타냈고, 일상의 높이 경험과 연관되는 오류를 보이고, 높이 개념을 언어적으로 표현하는 데에 어려움을 느끼고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2016

초등학교 수학 교과서에 제시된 도형의 높이 개념과 측정 활동은 관련 도형의 넓이와 부피를 구하는데 필수적이다. 교과서에서 평면 도형의 높이에서 삼각형은 밑변과 마주보는 꼭짓점에서 밑변에 수직으로 그은 선분, 평행사변형과 사다리꼴은 두 밑변 사이의 거리로 서술되었다. 또한 입체 도형의 높이에서 각기둥은 두 밑면 사이의 거리, 각뿔은 꼭짓점에서 밑면에 수직인 선분, 원뿔은 꼭짓점에서 밑면에 수직인 선분의 길이, 원기둥은 두 밑면에 수직인 선분의 길이로 서술되었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 높이 개념과 측정 활동에서 나타나는 문제점을 분석하여 방안을 제시하고, 이를 바탕으로 수학 교수 학습에서의 시사점을 도출하였다.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.509-531
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• 2011

이 연구는 현재와 같은 평면도형의 넓이 지도가 효과적인 방법인가를 알아보려는 것이다. 지금까지 학교에서 평면도형의 넓이를 지도할 때는 학생들이 실측하는 활동이 없다. 도형의 필요한 곳에 수치 정보가 주어져 있고 필요한 보조선이 그어져 있다. 이런 상황에서 학생들이 넓이를 구하는 과제에서 실제로 하는 것은 주어진 수치를 공식에 대입하여 계산하는 것 뿐이다. 이 연구는 그렇게 학습한 학생들은 올바른 넓이 측정 능력을 획득하지 못했다는 점을 밝히고, 어떤 방향으로 도형 넓이 지도가 개선되어야 할 것인지를 제안하고 있다.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify effects of thinness promoting message from TV media on college women's appearance distortion. The subjects were 408 college women and survey was done from Aug 10 to 30. 2009. Most college women wanted their height to be taller and weight to be lighter than their actual height and weight, and preferred slimmer figures. Over half of college women enjoyed fashion related TV programs more than diet or plastic surgery related TV programs. College women were classified into 3 groups of TV heavy watcher, TV medium watcher, and TV light watcher according to TV watching time. TV heavy watchers wanted their figures to be slimmer and weight to be lighter than other groups, and were affected by thinness promoting message from TV media more. TV heavy watchers of thinness promoting message related programs showed a tendency of distorting their body more and tried to agree with those TV programs more. Especially, college women agreed with plastic surgery related TV programs more than fashion or diet related TV programs. TV media producers should keep in mind those side-effects and try to show more universal and diverse figures to TV watchers.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2018

In global apparel product development, flat is one of the most important key factor for technical design communication. Proportionally correct flats based on correct scaled human body figures are imperative to be successful in the fashion business. In this study the researchers were to develop body templates for flats for Korean women body types using data from 'Size Korea 2004 (5th)', which is a Korean government apparel sizing project to analyze women's body measurements (age range 7-49). We measured 13 height measurements, 6 width measurements, 8 circumference measurements, 6 length measurements, 3 angle measurements and 5 body measurements. A body figure (i.e., schema) for each group was created by Pattern Design Software (PAD) System 4.1. Muscle was added to the schema created by Adobe Illustrator to ensure a better visualization and convenience for industry uses for flats. Developed body figure template of representative type had the largest difference in height level compared to exiting figures. It had a bigger head, lower crotch level, and longer crotch depth and hip length than existing figures.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.225-230
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• 2008

In this paper we embody a system that recognizes printed alphabet, numeral figures and symbols written on the keyboard for the recognition of English sentences. The image of the printed sentences is inputted and binarized, and the characters are separated by using histogram method that is the same as the existing character recognition method. During the abstraction of the individual characters, we classify one group that has not numerical information by the projection of the vertical center of the character. In case of another group that has the longer width than the height, we assort them by normalizing the width. The other group normalizes the height of the images. With the reverse application of the basic principle of the Japanese Puzzle to a normalized character image, the proposed system classifies and recognizes the printed numeral figures, symbols and characters, consequently we meet with good result.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical type and age on preference for line in women's clothing design. Line preference in clothing design was concerned with varying in length, direction, division, and shape. All of the preference measures were devised specifically for this study. Furthermore, items on height and weight for physical type as well as age of the subjects were included in the questionnaire. Data were obtained by means of structured interviews and self-administered questionnaires from 588 women ($20\~60$ years of age) in Seoul. Analysis was by One·way ANOVA, Chi-square ($X^{2}$), and Scheffe test. It was found that 4 categories of line preference were affected by both body type and height. An age effect was found on 3 categories of design lines; however, preference for 2 categories of design lines in clothing styles were unaffected by either physical type or age. It was concluded that body type, height, and age are powerful predictive variables for line preference in clothing design. Generally, there was some similarities in preference for lines among slim body types, tall figures, and younger age group as well as heavy body types, short figures, and older age group.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical type and age on preference for color and fabric motifs in women's clothing design. Color preference measures consisted of fabric samples in solid colors and drawings of clothing styles painted in colors. Preference for fabric motifs was assessed by printed fabrics in various patterns and sizes. All of the preference measures were devised specifically for this study. Furthermore, items on height and weight for physical type as well as age of the subjects were included in the questionnaire. Data were obtained by means of structured interviews and self-administered questionnaires from 588 women ($20\~60$ years of age) in seoul. Analysis was by chi-square ($X^{2}$), frequency, percentage, and mean. On color preference, a small but significant body type, height, and age effect was found on some types of clothing. Preference for fabric motifs was affected by body type; height of subjects was related to preference for size of motifs, and age was related to choice, size, and width of striped motifs. It was concluded that body type, height, and age are 1e3st effective in predicting color preference. Fabric motif preference was influenced more by age than by body type or height. Generally, there was some similarities in preference for lines and fabric patterns among slim body types, tall figures, and younger age groups as well as heavy body types, short figures, and older age groups.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 2004

Cracks in the underground structures are mainly observed due to internal ununiformity of thermal stresses or restraint of structural movement in associate with rapid temperature gradient. Especially, thermal cracks are known to occur easily in a massive structure, but possibility of these depend on the amount of cement applied and ratio of span to height of the structure even though the thickness is less than specification‘s. Thus, this study aims at how to control thermal cracks in a massive subway structure and figures out an optimized construction method and procedure. As results of parametric study for length, height and outer temperature for concrete placement, it is found that hydration heats were not affected by both length and height of concrete placement but thermal stresses were greatly dependent. Most effective ways of controling thermal cracks were to fit a proper ratio of length to height of concrete placement and to decrease temperature of concrete placement as much as possible.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2009

This study aims to improve the fit of high school girls' uniforms. This study researched on the fit of the recent high school girls' uniforms and developed a sizing system that adequately reflects their body figures. The results are as follows. First, the research showed that over 50% of the highschool girls wore their blouses too tight, whereas over 60% of the girls wore skirts that were appropriately fitted. Second, to classify the high school girls' figures, factor analysis and cluster analysis were conducted. 5 factors were extracted for upper body and 3 factors for the lower body. The girls were then divided into 3 groups for the upper body and 4 groups for the lower body. Third, KS size intervals were used for frequency distribution of height and bust for the bodice, height and waist for the lower body. Sizing system of the uniform company and the frequency distribution of sizes were compared. As a result, sizing system of the uniform company and the frequency distribution slightly overlapped. Fourth, sizing system considering body type distribution and high frequency distribution section of sizes was suggested. As a result, for the upper body, when 6 sizes were suggested, 43.9% of the population was covered and when 11 sizes were suggested, 58.3% was covered. For the lower body, when 6 sizes were suggested, 32.2% was covered, and when 11 sizes were suggested 58.9% of the population was covered.