• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.1159-1162
• /
• 2004

We studied on the production of the ceramic by the mineral-Oriental medicine and the property of the clean active water depositting on the ceramic stone. The results are as follows: We properly mixed of maifanshi, mica, ochre, and added to a small amount cinnabar, and therefore formed the ceramic stone. By the plasticity process and the irradiating magnetic force recovered the disappeared a part of constitutent elements. The recovered effects were become higher the freshness, maintenance, deodoriztion, clean water. As well as having the ability on capture of the notoxious heavy metal on human. The ceramic powder were mixed proper dose maifanshi, mica. And the powder had ionization, absorption, adhesion by the plasticity process and magnetic force. The clean active water of depositting on the ceramic stone during 24hours were observed significant the content of micro element, dissolved oxygen, abstraction on Herbs.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.143-147
• /
• 2011

Cadmium is considered one of the most toxic, non biodegradable heavy metal for the human and animals. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in biochemical parameters of blood and accumulation of cadmium in various tissue caused by various levels of dietary cadmium chloride ($CdCl_2$) in broiler chicks. $CdCl_2$ was administered through drinking water to broiler chicks. In spectral analysis, $CdCl_2$ treatment caused a significant increase in Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), creatinine and uric acid levels in all treated groups. Intriguingly, the GPT, creatinine, and uric acid levels were significantly higher at 75 mg/kg as compared to the groups treated with high doses (100, 125 and 150 mg/kg) of $CdCl_2$. Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used for the determination of Cd accumulation in kidney, liver and Breast muscles. AAS analysis revealed that Cd accumulation is increased in breast muscles as compared to liver and kidney at higher doses of Cd than 75 mg/kg.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.549-556
• /
• 2007

The study was carried out to examine on the refiner discharge from Alaska pollock as a collagen resource by characterizing biochemical and functional properties of collagen. The refiner discharge from Alaska pollock surimi manufacturing was a good resource for collagen extraction according to the results of total protein, heavy metal, volatile basic nitrogen, collagen content, amino acid composition, and thermal denaturation temperature (TDT). TDT of acid soluble collagen from refiner discharge showed $20.7^{\circ}C$, which was similar to that of collagen from Alaska pollock muscle and was higher than that of collagen from Alaska pollock skin. TDT of acid-soluble collagen from refiner discharge was, however, lower than those of skin collagens from warm fish and land animal. Acid-soluble collagen from refiner discharge of Alaska pollock could be used as a functional ingredient for food and industrial applications according to the results of water and oil absorption capacities, and emulsion properties. In addition, if the thermal stability of the acid-soluble collagens is improved, collagen from refiner discharge from Alaska pollock could be more effectively used.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제55권5호
• /
• pp.510-514
• /
• 2018

Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), because of the novel optical and electrical properties that stem from their three-dimensional confinement, have attracted great interest for their potential applications in such fields as bio-imaging, display, and opto-electronics. However, many semiconductors that can be exploited for QD applications contain toxic elements. Herein, we synthesized non-toxic ZnTe/ZnSe (core/shell) type-II QDs by pyrolysis method. Because of the unique type-II character of these QDs, their emission can range over an extended wavelength regime, showing photoluminescence (PL) from 450 nm to 580 nm. By optimizing the ZnSe shell growth condition, resulting ZnTe/ZnSe type-II QDs shows PL quantum yield up to ~ 25% with 35 nm PL bandwidth. Using a simple two step cation exchange reaction, we also fabricated ZnTe/ZnSe type-II QDs with absorption extended over the whole visible region. The visible-light sensitized heavy metal free ZnTe/ZnSe type-II QDs can be relevant for opto-electronic applications such as displays, light emitting diodes, and bio-imaging probes.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제61권12호
• /
• pp.1939-1943
• /
• 2012

In this paper we presented the detection of the explosive material RDX using a parallel plate waveguide (PPWG) THz time domain spectroscopy (TDS). Normally the explosive materials have been characterized through identification of vibrational fingerprint spectra. Until now, most of all THz spectroscopic measurements have been made using pellet samples where disorder effects contribute to line broadening such that individual resonances merge into relatively broad absorption features. In order to avoid such disadvantages we used the technique of PPWG THz-TDS to achieve sensitive characterization of explosive material RDX. The PPWG THz-TDS used in this work well established ultrafast optoelectronic techniques to generate and detect sub-picosecond THz pulses. The explosive material was analyzed as powder layers in $112{\mu}m$ gap of metal PPWG. The thin later mass was estimated to be about $700{\mu}g$. Finally, we showed spectra of explosives from 0.2 to 2.4 THz measured using PPWG THz-TDS.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.338-345
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of urine cadmium levels of residents in the surrounding areas of an industrial complex. Methods: During the period of three month from August to October 2012, informed consent was obtained from a total of 362 residents in Kwangyang and Yeosu. We collected urine sample from all subjects and their demographic characteristics, including alcohol drinks and smoking habits, using a questionnaire. The urine samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometer. Results: The urinary cadmium geometric mean concentration of total participants was $0.87{\mu}g/g\;cr$. The results of this study showed that higher urine cadmium levels were observed in females and some subjects with a higher level of education level and a lower BMI. Also, those subjects who preferred to take vegetables and took fish 3 days before urine sampling procedure revealed higher urine cadmium concentrations. The urine cadmium concentrations of subjects in the exposed area($0.91{\mu}g/g\;cr$) were significantly higher than those in the control area($0.78{\mu}g/g\;cr$). Conclusions: An additional study is needed to assess health risks of residents in the vicinity of environment-unfriendly areas, coupled with endeavors to examine possible heavy metals contamination factors that may affect the human body.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.635-645
• /
• 1994

The environmental pollution by heavy metals has become a significant hygenic problem. Recently it is said the garlic supplementation in diet have protective effect on the heavy metal accumulation in tissue of rat by a researcher. In this study two experiments were undertaken. Firstly, dogs were fed diet supplemented with cadmium of cadmium plus 7% of raw garlic for 50 days. on the 50th day of experiment all dogs were euthanasied and the cadmium content of various tissue were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometeric method. Secondly, in order to find out the toxic effect of garlic dogs were fed diet supplemented with 7% of raw garlic for 50 days and hematological or hematochemical observations were undertaken at 10 day intervals. The results obtained from these experiments were summarized as follows; 1. In dogs treated with cadmium and cadmium plus garlic cadmium was accumulated in renal cortex, liver, and muscle. However the concentrations of cadmium showed no significant between the two group. 2. In dogs fed diets supplemented with 7% of raw garlic significant decrease of erythrocyte count, packed cell volume and hemoglobin content and significant increase of Heinz body erythrocyte and reticulocyte count were recognized. 3. The garlic-treated dogs and control dogs had normal asparate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphotase, blood urea nitrogen value. The value showed no significant difference between the two group. 4. From these results it may be concluded that the garlic have protective effect for cadmium accmulation in tissue and excess garlic in diet could induce hemolytic anemia in dogs.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2014

This study was carried out not only to identify the optimum concentrations of sulfur powder and citric acid treated for improving arsenic absorption of Pteris multifuda known as hyperaccumulator of arsenic, but also to develop arsenic purification model in the forest soil. After applying sulfur powder (0, 30, 45, $60g{\cdot}m^{-2}$) and citric acid (0, 200, 400, $800g{\cdot}m^{-2}$) in the forest soil contaminated with heavy metals, P. multifuda was planted and cultivated for 16 weeks. And then the growth and arsenic contents of plants were analyzed. In the result of research, the growth of P. mulifuda, except plant width, cultivated in soils treated with sulfur powder and citric acid was relatively lower than control. The accumulated amount of arsenic in aerial parts of P. multifuda ($1822.2mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) cultivated in soils treated with $200g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ citric acid was improved 62.5% against the control. And the accumulated amount of arsenic per 1 $m^2$ ($20.1mg{\cdot}m^{-2}$) was the greatest in $200g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ citric acid treatment. Translocation rate (TR) was higher in all acid treatment compare to control, and was the best in $200g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ citric acid treatment (0.95) especially. It showed that the arsenic absorbed in underground parts was transferred fast to aerial parts. Therefore, $200g{\cdot}m^{-2}$ citric acid treatment in the soil is recommended for arsenic purification using P. multifuda.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.56-72
• /
• 1999

Airborne concentrations of welding fumes in which 13 different metals such as Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si, Sn, Ti, and Zn were analyzed were measured at 18 factories including automobile assembly and manufactures, steel heavy industries and shipyards. Air samples were collected by personal sampler at each worker's worksite(n=339). Blood levels of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn were also measured from samples taken from 447 welders by atomic absorption spectrometry and compared with control values obtained from 127 non-exposed workers. The results were as follows ; 1. Among various welding types, $CO_2$ welding 70.2 % were widely used, shielded metal arc welding(SMAW) 22.1 % came next, and rest of them were metal inert gas(MIG) welding, submerged arc welding(SAW), spot welding(SPOT) and tungsten inert gas(TIG) welding. 2. Welding fume concentration was $0.92mg/m^3$($0.02{\sim}15.33mg/m^3$) at automobile assembly and manufactures, $4.10mg/m^3$($0.02{\sim}70.75mg/m^3$) at steel heavy industries and $5.59mg/m^3$($0.30{\sim}91.16mg/m^3$) at shipyards, respectively, showing significant difference among industry types. Workers exposed to high concentration of welding fumes above Korean Permissible Exposure Limit(KPEL) amounted to 7.9 % and 12.5 %, in $CO_2$ welding and in SMAW at automobile assembly and manufactures and 62.7 % in $CO_2$ welding, and 12.5 % in SMAW at shipyards, and 66.2 % in $CO_2$ welding and 70.6 % in SMAW at steel heavy industries. 3. Geometric mean of airborne concentration of each metal released from welding fumes was below one 10th of KPEL in all welding types. Percentage of workers, however, exposed to airborne concentration of metals above KPEL amounted to 16.8 % in Mn and 7.6 % in Fe in $CO_2$ welding; 37.5 % in Cu in SAW, 30 % in Cu in TIG; and 25 % in Pb in SPOT welding. As a whole, 76 Workers(22.4%) were exposed to high concentration of any of the metals above KPEL. 4. There were differences in airborne concentration of metals such as Al, Cd, Cr, Cu. Fe. Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Si, Sn, Ti and Zn by industry types. These concentrations were higher in shipyards and steel heavy industries than in automobile assembly and manufactures. Workers exposed to higher concentration of Pb above KPEI amounted to 7.4 % of workers(7/94) in automobile assembly and manufactures. In shipyards, 19.2 % of workers(19/99) were over-exposed to Mn and 7.1 % (7/99) to Fe above KPEL. In steel heavy industries, 14.4 %(21/146), 7.5 %(11/146) and 13 %(19/146) were over-exposed to Mn, Fe and Cu, respectively. As a whole, 76 out of 339 workers(22.4%) were exposed to any of the metals above KPEL. 5. Blood levels of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in welders were $0.11{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$, $0.84{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $424.4{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $1.26{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$, $5.01{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$ and $5.68{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively, in contrast to $0.09{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$, $0.70{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $477.2{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $0.73{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$, $3.14{\mu}g/100m{\ell}$ and $6.15{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ in non-exposed control groups, showing significantly higher values in welders but Fe and Zn.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.290-298
• /
• 2021

본 연구는 장기간 중금속 오염에 노출된 폐 석탄매립지의 토양 및 자생식물을 조사하고 온실 재배 실험을 통해 자생식물의 중금속 축적 능력을 평가하여 식물정화 기술 적용 가능성을 위해 수행되었다. 강원도 정선 화절령에 위치한 폐 탄광 주변에서 자생하는 식물상을 조사하였다. 그리고 본 연구 지역에 생육하는 동일속의 자생식물 2 종 (Carex breviculmis. R. Br., Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz., )과 일반적으로 분포하는 식물 3 종 (Artemisia japonica Thunb., Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai 및 Saussurea pulchella (Fisch.) Fisch.)을 온실에서 인공적으로 오염된 토양에서 12 주 동안 재배하였다. 비소와 납으로 오염된 토양은 각각 25, 62.5, 125, 250 mg kg^-1의 비소 농도 구배와 200, 500, 1000, 2000 mg kg^-1의 납 농도 구배로 생성하였다. 실험 결과 비소 고농도 처리 (125 및 250 mg kg^-1)로 5 개 식물이 모두 죽었고, 일부 식물은 2,000 mg kg^-1 납농도 처리토에서 죽었다. 식물 이동계수는 비소 처리에서 H. hakuunensis에서 가장 높았고 납 처리에서는 A. japonica에서 각각 가장 높았다. 생물 축적계수는 비소 처리에서 모든 식물종에서 1 이상이었고 H. hakuunensis에서 가장 높았다. 그리고 모든 식물종은 납 처리에서 1 미만이었다. 특히 2000 mg kg^-1 농도 납 처리에서 A. japonica는 1000 mg kg^-1 이상의 납을 축적하여 납 과다 축적 물질이 될 것으로 예상되었다. 결론적으로 A. japonica와 H. hakuunensis는 비소 중금속 축적이 뛰어났고 S. koriyanagi는 납 축적능이 우수하였다. 따라서 위의 3 가지 자생식물은 식물정화 기술에 적용성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.