• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.10
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• pp.827-832
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• 2013

Heating wire cutting type separation mechanism has been widely used for cube satellite applications due to its design constraints such as small size of $10cm{\times}10cm{\times}10cm$ and light weight of less than 1kg. In addition, usage of pyro technic device is not allowed for cube satellite application. The conventional methods have some disadvantages of relatively small mechanical constraint force and the system complexity for the multi-deployable systems. In this paper, a separation nut type non-explosive separation mechanism has been proposed and investigated. The effectiveness of the design has been verified through the qualification tests of the mechanism.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.181-189
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• 2012

To broaden the understanding of classical Cepheid structure, evolution and atmospheres, we have extended our continuing secret lives of Cepheids program by obtaining XMM/Chandra X-ray observations, and Hubble space telescope (HST) / cosmic origins spectrograph (COS) FUV-UV spectra of the bright, nearby Cepheids Polaris, ${\delta}$ Cep and ${\beta}$ Dor. Previous studies made with the international ultraviolet explorer (IUE) showed a limited number of UV emission lines in Cepheids. The well-known problem presented by scattered light contamination in IUE spectra for bright stars, along with the excellent sensitivity & resolution combination offered by HST/COS, motivated this study, and the spectra obtained were much more rich and complex than we had ever anticipated. Numerous emission lines, indicating $10^4$ K up to ${\sim}3{\times}10^5$ K plasmas, have been observed, showing Cepheids to have complex, dynamic outer atmospheres that also vary with the photospheric pulsation period. The FUV line emissions peak in the phase range ${\varphi}{\approx}0.8-1.0$ and vary by factors as large as $10{\times}$. A more complete picture of Cepheid outer atmospheres is accomplished when the HST/COS results are combined with X-ray observations that we have obtained of the same stars with XMM-Newton & Chandra. The Cepheids detected to date have X-ray luminosities of log $L_X{\approx}28.5-29.1$ ergs/sec, and plasma temperatures in the $2-8{\times}106$ K range. Given the phase-timing of the enhanced emissions, the most plausible explanation is the formation of a pulsation-induced shocks that excite (and heat) the atmospheric plasmas surrounding the photosphere. A pulsation-driven ${\alpha}^2$ equivalent dynamo mechanism is also a viable and interesting alternative. However, the tight phase-space of enhanced emission (peaking near 0.8-1.0 ${\varphi}$) favor the shock heating mechanism hypothesis.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to analyze the state of Goryoin housing in Uzbekistan and Korea. Using ethnographic methodologies, it was examined that 20 Goryoin households in Korea in relation to their usage of housing space firstly and also tried 20 Goryoin households in Uzbekistan with the same method. The following conclusion were established; 1). The majority of households in both areas preferred separated kitchen and living room areas. 2). Most households in both areas had a washing machine in bathroom and they regarded bathtub and the drain hole of the bathroom as very necessary. They all preferred separate bathroom and toilet areas in order to allow simultaneous use. 3). Their preferred seating style was chairs on sleeping and eating especially but they treated large family and guest without chairs in both areas. 4). All of them were took their shoes off and wore slippers at home usually and also had a preference for designated shoes space at the entrance to the house. 5) All of households in Uzbekistan and half of them in Korea had a carpet or mat in the bedroom or living room, both for keeping warm and aesthetic reasons. 6). The heating system of apartment in Uzbekistan was radiator and most of private houses had a modified Ondol with radiator but their preferred heating system was modified Ondol in both areas. 7). They all considered the living room as the most important housing space for family and guest in both areas.

• The Magazine of the Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Engineers of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1988

The purpose of this paper is to research the estimations of the indoor natural temperature in a case of the earth sheltered space and the 1st basement room in comparison with a conventional housing. The result of this study can be summerized as follows: The natural temperature of the earth sheltered house Summer : $${\theta}es=27.0+1.65sin(2{\pi}/24{\cdot}T-1.34)$$ Winter : $${\theta}ew=11.5+1.15sin(2{\pi}/24{\cdot}T-1.61)$$ The natural temperature of the 1st basement space Summer : $${\theta}us=25.5+1.00sin(2{\pi}/24{\cdot}T-1.72)$$ Winter : $${\theta}uw=13.9+1.10sin(2{\pi}/24{\cdot}T-2.29)$$ From the results of the stated above, we can calculate the cooling and heating load in the earth sheltered house and the underground space exactly and easily at Taejeon City.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.177-190
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• 1999

An absorbed heat-flux method for ground simulation of on-orbit thermal environment of satellite is addressed in this paper. For satellite ground test, high vacuum and extremely low temperature of deep space are achieved by space simulation chamber, while spatial environmental heating is simulated by employing the absorbed heat-flux method. The methodology is explained in detail with test requirement and setup implemented on a satellite. Developed heat-load control system is presented with an adjusted PID-control logic and the system schematic realized is shown. A practical and successful application of the heat simulation method to KOMPSAT(Korea Multi-purpose Satellite)thermal environmental test is demonstrated, finally.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.95-105
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• 2003

This study is to investigate the characteristics of space constitution by analyzing the Jungja in the Gasa (an old form of Korean verse) literature area. These Jungja architectures were composed at Damyang-gun and all over Mt. Moodeung in Chosun dynasty. It can be found several characteristics through 10 Jungja architectures. As a result of analysis, the conclusion of research is as follows. 1. There is a spatial function of Byulsu where the daily life can be managed. 2. The development of introduction part induces a concept of private space. 3. It has structures with openings that can form the various constitution of space. 4. There are heating facilities that people can spend their time in four seasons.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.103-115
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• 1989

This study has been a study on changes seen in rural kitchens and factors affecting the modernization of agrarian kitchen space. The major findings were as follows: 1) The physical changes in kitchen design were carried out rapidly after 1977. This period coincided directly with the period in which kitchen improvement projects were fostered by the Sae Ma-Eul UNDONG 2) The study showed the macro factors contributing to changes in kitchen space to be government policy and industrialization. The study showed the micro factors influening kitchen space changes to be classified along socio-demographic lines and family lifestyle. 3) The factors affecting the degree of satisfaction with kitchens have been divided into socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics. The level of education achieved by the husband was the most significant among socio-demographic characteristics. Most important among lifestyle characteristics were the cooking fuel used during the slack farm season, eating habits, heating fuel and eating space respectively. The results of this study have some implications in terms of government housing policy. Policymakers should be aware of suitable kitchen spaces to rural households in order to meet their housing needs and expectations.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.240-246
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• 2012

The supply and use of exhaust heat recovery ventilation system as effective energy saving equipment has been increasing steadily. The exhaust heat recovery ventilation system can be installed at ceiling of balcony or emergency space. However, ventilation system can not be installed at emergency space because where have to remain as empty space by law. Therefore, the proper installation space of ventilation system is needed. In this study, to install heat recovery ventilation system in the light weight wall, thickness of heat exchanger was assembled below 140 mm. One or two paper heat exchangers were installed in the ventilation system. The efficiency of heat recovery was analyzed through performance experiment on case of cooling and heating mode.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2012

Urbanization has led to a reduction in green spaces and thus transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use. An increase in air temperature directly affects forest vegetation, phenology, and biodiversity in urban areas. In this paper, we analyze the changing land use patterns and urban heat distribution (UHD) in Seoul on the basis of a spatial assessment. It is necessary to monitor and assess the functions of green spaces in order to understand the changes in the green space. In addition, we estimated the influence of green space on urban temperature using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery and climatic data. Results of the assessment showed that UHD differences cause differences in temperature variation and the spatial extent of temperature reducing effects due to urban green space. The ratio of urban heat area to green space cooling area increases rapidly with increasing distance from a green space boundary. This shows that urban green space plays an important role for mitigating urban heating in central areas. This study demonstrated the importance of green space by characterizing the spatiotemporal variations in temperature associated with urban green spaces.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.152-162
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• 2012

In Korean apartment housing, balcony is semi-outdoor space for storage and drying laundry. Recently, this semi-outdoor balcony space has been merged into indoor living space with the legal permission of balcony extension. It results in disappearance of the original function of balcony in apartment housing. This study attempts to propose better utilization of balcony extension by analyzing how balcony has been extended and used, and what residents' needs are. This study asks 400 housewives living in apartment housing in Jangyu new urban area, Kyungnam. Findings are : 1) Balcony extensions are carried out in a living room, a large bedroom and a small bedroom. Most extensions are made for enlarging adjacent indoor living space; 2) Original balcony that is not extended is used for drying laundry, resting, flower pot, storing, and kid's playing; 3) The residents recognize that problems of balcony extension are the decreased heating efficiency, the reduced soundproofing effect, the loss of spare housework space, and the disappearance of buffer between indoor and outdoor space; 4) Many residents want to extend their balcony space of a small bedroom and a large bedroom and to keep the balcony space of a kitchen-dining room and a master bedroom as they are.