• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.115-125
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• 2014

This study tries to investigate inequity in supplementary private health insurance insured in terms of the analysis of insurance insured general characteristics and to analyze the influence of supplementary private health insurance on their admission and their outpatient medical utilization behavior. As a result of the analysis of the general characteristics of supplementary private health insurances insured, it has turned out that men, persons at low ages, people with a spouse and chronic diseases, and persons with a high income have applied such insurances more. We can also tell that low-income classes have difficulty in applying private health insurances as people in the fifth income quintile have applied such insurances about 9 times as much as those in the first income quintile. The analysis of supplementary private health insurance insured health care utilization behavior has revealed that both male and female insured aged less than 55 and without chronic diseases have increases the number of their use of health care, their patient charge, and their medical cost per visit.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Hypertension Self-Care Behavior Scale for older adults with hypertension in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was used with 196 participants. Translation and back-translation were performed by bilingual nursing professionals and a nutritionist. Reliability and validity such as content validity, construct validity, and concurrent validity were conducted. To evaluate the concurrent validity, the correlation coefficients between the Korean version of Hypertension Self-Care Behavior and concurrent scales (hypertension adherence scale and self-efficacy scale) were calculated. Results: The total 20 items for the Korean version of the Hypertension Self-Care (HBP-SC) Behavior Scale were retained during item-analysis. In explanatory factor analysis, a two-factor solution was proposed and the two factors named, 'HBP-SC Diet behavior' and 'HBP-SC Health behavior (except diet)'. The two factors accounted for 48.9% of the variances. The Korean version of the Hypertension Self-Care Behavior Scale correlated with concurrent variables such as hypertension adherence and self-efficacy. For reliability of the Korean version of the Hypertension Self-Care Behavior, Cronbach's ${\alpha}=.92$. Conclusion: Findings show that the Korean version of the Hypertension Self-Care Behavior is reliable and valid for measuring self-care behavior of older adults with hypertension.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.67-76
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• 2013

Objectives: This study was intended to provide the base of developing countries' Health Partnership Strategy by investigating the Paraguay's awareness level of health and analyzing the actual state. Methods: The data was collected from 11 government employees, 20 hospital staffs, 26 local residents on Asunci$\acute{o} $n, Paraguay in February, 2012. The method of the study was the questionnaires consisting of 62 questions including 7 questions of general features, 3 questions of awareness on maternal health care, child health care, planned parenthood program, 52 questions of awareness on health. The questionnaires was translated into Spanish which is local language in Paraguay. Results: The results of this study are summarized as follows; 1) The most important awareness on maternal healthcare, child healthcare, planned parenthood program was providing child health care. 2) The most important awareness to prevent non-health behavior was sufficient nutrition. The most important awareness to reduce the rate of chronic disease was diabetes. The most important awareness to eradicate communicable disease was HIV/AIDS. 3) The most important awareness to provide healthcare service was vaccination. 4) The most important awareness on healthcare delivery system was policy. The most important awareness on health education was student's health education. 5) The most important awareness to strength healthcare capacity was developing domestic economy. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that awareness levels on health are high against low health behavior status in Paraguay. But awareness on health can lead to health behavior by healthcare system. Therefore, it has to induce the healthcare network and system by injecting public health funds, infrastructure, human resources on prevention of disease and healthcare management.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.68-86
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• 1994

In order to provide data of effective health education for practice of preventive health behavior for visual acuity care. The authors investgated the actual acuity and health behavior for visual acuity care. The subjects of this study were 2250 students in high school. The data were collected by questionnaire developed for the purpose of this study which has been made through references and student's health record. The results were as follows, 1) As students move up to grade, the number of students with decreased visual acuity had a tendency to increase. In cases with decreased visual acuity below 0.2 in one or both eye, the number of cases was increased in accordance with moving up to grade, especially visual acuity of right eye was more decreased than that of left eye. 2) As to proportion of the group with decreased visual acuity among the total students, among 2250 students, students with decreased visual acuity was 35.6%(800 students). According to school type, in academic school, frequency of students with decreased visual acuity in day school was higher then that in night school. In commercial school, the frequency of students who had decreased visual acuity in night school were higher than that of students in day school. 3) As to variables influencing the decreased visual activity, there was a significant different between groups with normal visual acuity and groups with subnormal in terms of awareness of visual acuity by themself, parent's visual acuity, unbalanced eating habit, distance from television, or books, posture in watching television, posture in reading, awareness of illumination in classroom. 4) As to practice of protective and preventive health behavior for visual acuity care, In group with normal visual acuity. There was good practice such as proper eating habit, proper studying habit, and health habit in its descending order, but proper illumination and regular eye test were practiced poorly. In group with subnormal visual acuity, one of the vest practice in visual acuity care was an effort to prevent eye strain. Other good practice involve tasking regular eye test, maintaining proper studing habit, in its descending order.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.27-48
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• 1999

This article a little bit lack of elements for the basis of study of health care in the respect of taking a certain expert group as the sample. However researcher chose people who is in same situation with himself and tried to make clear how to do for their behavior of health care to know that how the experts groups are taking care of their health. For the study, the main aim of this article is studying the health care situation of experts group which is taking crucial role in the economy, society and cultural field. When it comes to the experts group's health care by eating habits and exercise related program is, first, it indicates that most people are eating for their health, lives and work through the analysis of responds; they eat food for their health and their health, lives or task.(Surely they family-centered structure. Third, 78% of 40s group responded that they enjoy finding good restaurants while 20s to 30s are enjoying fastfood and instant food instead of Korean traditional foods. fourth, health care by the exercise is done in one or half one hour and the dependant exercises like jogging or swimming which can be done whenever they have time are perferred to group exercise. It's desirable that one has to take care of himself with systematic and effective way. But it's very difficult and care for most people to take care of themselves, so they have to make the program and practice it systematically. The result from this study shows that practicing the health related program rationally, at the same time increasing leisure time and doing dependant or group exercise, taking a walk, and various kind of exercise considered spending money are more common than eating foods for health care. These are regarded as a desirable phenomenon in terms of the health care.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.578-591
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this research was to identify the health behaviors, health status, and utilization patterns of health care institutions for homeless shelter residents as well as to compare these research outcomes between younger and older male homeless shelter residents. Methods: The subjects in this study were 357 homeless shelter residents that were recruited by simple random sampling. Data were collected from August to September 2009. Health behaviors, health status, and utilization patterns of health care institutions were measured using structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Chi square test and Fisher's exact test using SPSS 14.0. Results: Both younger and older male subjects showed unhealthy behaviors, and their health status was lower than that of the Health & Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2009. Subjects preferred to utilize national or municipal hospitals as well as pharmacies as opposed to general hospitals, clinics, and public health centers. Conclusion: Differentiated comprehensive health care services and monitoring should be provided to homeless shelter residents based on the needs of each group in order to improve their health status as well as to prevent communicable diseases and complications of chronic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.77-91
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among health behavior, obesity and QOL, and to identify factors affecting QOL of University Students in rural area, to provide the basic data for health promoting program in order to improve the QOL. Methods: The subjects of this study were 991 university students. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficient and Stepwise multiple regression with SAS. Results: In the degree of the obesity were 13.4% of the underweight group, 48.9% of the normal weight group, and 37.6% of the overweight group. The average item score for the QOL was 3.19; the highest score on the subscale was physical domains(M=3.25) with the lowest environmental domains. In the degree of health behavior performance were 15.3% of regular health check, 27.5% of exercise, 45.1% of no-smoking, 32.4% of no-drinking alcohol, 53.1% of sleeping 7-hour, 49.7% of weight care, 56.1% of stress management, and 44.4% of breakfast. The score of QOL was statistically significant difference according to age, occupation of father, the number of brothers, total income, level of life, perceived health status, and admission of hospital. The score of QOL correlated positively with health behavior(r=.2521, p<.0001), and the scores of health behavior correlated positively with obesity(r=.0915, p=.0039). Stepwise multiple regression analysis for QOL revealed that the most powerful predictor was level of life. Stress management, perceived health status, sleeping 7-hour, regular health check, admission of hospital, total income, and weight care explained 13.2% of the variance. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to develop health behavior promotion program in order to enhance the quality of life of university students. Future studies need to be pursued to find significant influencing factors for QOL of university students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.475-483
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• 2006

Purpose: The goal of this study was to investigate the factors influencing health promoting behaviors in elderly individuals according to types of residency. Method: This was a descriptive study. The subjects were comprised of 243 elderly aged 65 years or over living in 3 large cities. The instruments used for this study were a health promoting lifestyle, perceived health status, geriatric depression short form scale-Korea, social support scale, and self-efficacy. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 12.0. Result: Powerful predictors of a health promoting lifestyle were depression, self-efficacy, and perceived health status for the elderly living at home. In the cases of the elderly living in institutions, a powerful predictor of a health promoting lifestyle was identified as social support. Conclusion: For the operation of long-term care insurance, a service for home care programs is needed for the elderly living at home in order to reduce depression and to increase self-efficacy and perceived health status. In addition, social support provided by health-care professionals should be developed to promote a healthy lifestyle for the elderly living in institutional environments.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.232-265
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• 1998

Taiwan has experienced rapid economic growth during the past two decades. As a result, the demand for health care in Taiwan has increased rapidly. To meet the rising demand, Taiwan implemented a National Health Insurance (NHI) program on March 1, 1995. This program now covers more than 96 percent of Taiwan's citizens. Implementation of the NHI in 1995 represents fulfillment of a primary social and health policy goals of Taiwan. The goals of the NHI program is to eliminate financial barriers of health care for the citizens, to improve the quality of care. To achieve these goals, the NHI was designed on the following principles: 1. All Taiwan citizens are compul내교 joined the NHI program by law; 2. The NHI program provides comprehensive services; 3. The NHI is run by one single govt' subsidy; 5. The NHI adopt fee-for-services scheme to pay medical expenses and copayment to avoid abouse of medical services. However, the scheme did not bring in the efficient use of health care C. National Health Council, 1986 NARC, Aging in Japan, International Publication Series 1991;2 Kahana EF. Kiyak HA. Attitude and behavior of staff in facilities for the aged, 1984 Naoki I, John CC. Health polic report japan's medical care system, New England Joumal of Medicine 1995; 333(19) National Economic Research Associates, The Health CAre System in Japan, NERA, 1993. National Federation of health Insurance Societies (KEMPOREM), Health Insurance and Health Insurance Societies in Japan, 1995. Owe Ahlund, Aging and housing in sweden, Paper presented at the International Symposium, Long term Care Facility, 1993. Statisitics Jahrbuch, Statistisches Bundesamt, 1992. Stein S. Linn, MIW. and Stein EM. Patient's anticipation of stress in nursing home care, 1985. U. S. Senate Special Committee on Aging, A Report of the special Committee on Aging, Washing D. C, 1992. U.S. Bureau of the Census, 1994.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.29-47
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• 2005

Objectives: Individuals' self-reported unmet needs are an important indicator of heath care of their society. Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 1.2, we examine unmet needs for mental health care in Canada and discuss its implications to health education. Results: The most frequently reported reason for unmet needs was barriers to acceptability issues, which stem primarily from lack of knowledge of mental health, negative attitudes towards mental disorder, and mistrust of mental health professionals. Unmet needs for mental health care appeared an especially serious issue among the young. Also, individuals who reported unmet needs tended to have some ill health behavior such as illicit drug use that could be their coping mechanism. On the other hand, emotional and informational support factors have shown an important mitigating effect on unmet needs. Conclusions: These findings of unmet needs pose a major challenge to health education. To effectively address unmet mental health care needs, it is recommended that the focus of relevant policies and programs should be on enhancing a multi-level mental health education strategy including efforts on individual, environmental and professional level education.