• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.365-371
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• 2012

This study was carried out to know the characteristics of flowering and bearing fruit, the optimum period, regions and methods for seed harvesting, the optimum temperatures for seed storage and germination, and the optimum period for sowing at nursery bed and seedling transplanting of Valeriana fauriei Briquet. The flowering and bearing fruit of Valeriana fauriei was developed from the before-year root. Optimum period for seed harvest of Valeriana fauriei was from late July to middle August, and optimum areas were the high elevated areas over 500 m above the sea level as Jinbu-myeon, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon-do. Using of net-bag for seed harvesting was the effective method to gather the full ripe seed, and bagging of net-bag was necessary from the season of middle May that was the flowering middle-stage. Germination rates don't show the difference among the different temperatures of storage as approximately 41% at $-20^{\circ}C$, $2^{\circ}C$ or $20^{\circ}C$ of seed storage temperatures. The optimum temperature range was in $15{\sim}30^{\circ}C$ for seed germination at nursery bed. The optimum period for seed sowing at nursery bed was the late February, and the optimum period for seedling transplanting was the middle April.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.88-99
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• 1978

In this study, rice harvesting systems suitable to Korean situations and the optimum timing of these systems were determined, respectively, based on experimentally determined factors such as filed yield and the milling quantity and quality measured at various levels of the grain moisture content at harvest. Rice varieties used for the experiment were the AKIBARE (Japonica-type) and the SUWEON 251 (high yielding TONGIL sister-line variety), The harvesting systems studied by the experimental work of this study were traditional system with both the wet material and dry-material threshing system by use of binder with both the dry-material and wet-material threshings, and system by use of combine. Grain samples were taken from final products of the paddy rice harvested from the experiment a fields for each system to measure the recovery rates of the milled rice. The results may be summarized as follows; 1. The milling recovery rate of the AKIBARE variety had highest value within the range of the grain moisture at harvest, showing from 21 to 26 percent. The head-rice recovery for the same variety was a little greater in the wet-material threshing than in the dry-material threshing , higher values of which , were 20 to 25 percent , seen within the range of grain moisture at harvest regardless of the harvesting systems tested. 2. The milling recovery of the SUWEON 251 , when tested for different harvesting systems and harvesting grain moisture, did not show a statistically significant different. In contrast , head-rice recovery for the systems operated by the wet-material threshing was much greater than that by the -material threshing. The difference of the recoveries between these systems range from 2.6 to 4.7 percent. 3. An assessment of the optimum period of -harvest timing for each of the harve\ulcornersting systems tested were made bJ.sed on (a) the maximum total milled-rise yield and (b) the percentage reduction in the total milled-rice yield due to untimely harvest operations. The optimum period determined are: 23-19% for the ATD, AC, STD, SBW, STW systems, 25-21% for the ATW ani ABW systems, and 27-18% for the ABD, SBD, and SC systems, respectively.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

One of the major obstacles confronted in promoting the rainwater harvesting is the concerns of acid rain and heavy metals. Although there are many data concerning the quality of rainwater precipitation for the study of acid rain, the study on the quality of stored rainwater has been limited. In this study, we monitored the quality of stored rainwater at Galmoe middle school, where a rainwater harvesting system is installed and in use for more than two years. We measured water quality parameters such as pH, Electro Conductivity(EC), Dissolved Oxygen(DO), and some metals (aluminium (Al), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), copper(Cu), arsenic(As), cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb)). The monitoring period was during one year from September 9th 2003 to August 5th 2004. It was observed that the average pH of stored rainwater is neutral. DO is similar to tap water and EC is lower than tap water. Metal Concentrations are within the concentration specified in Drinking Water Quality Standard. Overall, the stored rainwater quality is good enough for sundry use and there's no threat of acid rain and air pollution, if the rainwater harvesting system is well designed and maintained.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the changes in chemical composition of Panax ginseng leaf by harvesting at July, August and September. The levels of crude protein of dried ginseng leaf were decreased from 17.12mg% to 14.26% by harvesting month, however, crude fat contents of dried ginseng leaf were increased slightly from 1.90% to 2.49%. Three kinds of free sugar, i.e. glucose, fructose and sucrose were found in dried ginseng leaf and maltose was not found. Free sugar contents were increased by delaying harvest, but free amino acid were decreased. Total free amino acid was decreased in delayed harvesting month, serine was revealed superior in free amino acid composition, and valine was revealed next order. In minerals, contents of Ca were from 1,306.1mg% to 1,923mg%, that of K were higher than others patricualy as 1,266.9∼1,216.0mg%. The contents of minerals were existence in order of Mg, P, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu, abundantly. Total vitamin C were present of 391.0∼336.1mg%, and the contents were decreased as delayed as harvesting period despite of the plentiful content. In fatty acid composition of ginseng leaf, the palmitic acid content was as 40% higher than other fatty acids, remarkably.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.670-675
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• 2018

센서네트워크의 전력문제를 해결할 수 있는 에너지 수집형 무선 센서네트워크 (EH-WSN)에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. EH-WSN에서는 에너지 수집과 소비의 균형을 맞추기 위한 on-off 듀티싸이클링에 관한 연구가 많이 진행되고 있다. 그러나 환경감시를 위한 EH-WSN에서 센싱된 데이터의 긴급성과 에너지 수집율은 네트워크의 성능을 결정하는 중요한 요소가 된다. 따라서 단순히 전력의 균형 상태를 유지하는 것 이외에 센싱된 데이터의 중요도 및 에너지 수집율에 따라 듀티싸이클 주기를 조절할 필요성이 대두된다. 본 논문에서는 환경감시를 위한 EH-WSN에서 기존의 전력만을 고려한 on-off 듀티싸이클링의 문제점을 분석하고, 센싱값의 변화율 및 크기값에 의한 센싱 데이터의 우선순위 및 에너지 수집율 등을 고려하여 적응적으로 on-off 주기를 결정하는 듀티싸이클 스케줄링 기법을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안된 듀티싸이클 스케줄링의 성능을 분석하였다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.811-821
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• 2023

본 연구는 인력수확과 기계수확 즉, 수확 방법을 달리한 양파와 기계수확 과정에서 발생되는 양파와 양파 간 충격을 모의하여 인위적으로 충격처리 한 양파의 품질 및 저장성을 평가하여 기계수확을 위한 자료를 얻고자 하였다. 수확방법은 인력굴취 후 인력수집, 기계굴취 후 인력수집, 기계굴취 후 기계수집 총 3가지였다. 그리고 본 연구의 굴취 및 수집과정에서의 최고 충격 높이는 0.5 m였다. 수확 직후 압상률과 상해율은 수확 방법 간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 만약 기계수확으로 압상이나 상해 발생이 증가한다면 그 원인은 토양에 함유된 자갈 등의 토양 조건과 속도 등의 기계 운전 조건이 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다. 또한, 저장 8.5개월 동안의 품질 및 저장성도 수확 방법 간에 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 모의 충격실험은 0.0 m(0.0 J), 0.25 m(0.86 J), 0.5 m(1.72 J), 0.75 m(2.57 J)에서 1회 처리와 0.25 m에서 동일위치 4회(3.43 J)와 다른위치 4회(3.43 J)를 pendulum 방식으로 충격처리하여 저장성을 조사하였다. 모든 처리에서 저장 8.5개월 동안 품질과 저장성은 처리 간에 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 결론적으로 본 연구의 양파 기계수확은 인력수확과 품질 및 저장성에서 차이가 없었고, 기계수확을 모의한 충격처리도 양파의 품질 및 저장성에 거의 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 수확 기계의 제작과 기계수확 시 운전 조건에 대한 자료를 제공함으로써 향후 양파 수확 작업의 기계화 확대에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2011

Purpose: Although the sural nerve is the most commonly used donor for autologous nerve graft, its morbidity after harvesting is sparsely investigated. The sural nerve being a sensory nerve, complications such as sensory changes in its area and neuroma can be expected. This study was designed to evaluate the donor site morbidity after sural nerve harvesting. Methods: Among the 13 cases, who underwent sural nerve harvesting between January 2004 and August 2009, 11 patients with proper follow up were included in the study. The collected data included harvested graft length, actual length of the grafted nerve, anesthetic and paresthetic area, presence of Tinel sign and symptomatic neuroma, and scar quality. Results: In 7 patients, no anesthetic area could be detected. Of the patients with a follow up period of more than 2 years, all the patients showed no anesthetic area except two cases who had a very small area of sensory deficit ($225mm^2$) on the lateral heel area, and large deficit ($4,500mm^2$) on the lateral foot aspect. The patients with a short follow up period (1~2 m) demonstrated a large anesthetic skin area ($6.760mm^2$, $12,500mm^2$). Only one patient had a Tinel sign. This patient also showed a subcutaneous neuroma, which was visible, but did not complain of discomfort during daily activities. One patient had a hypertrophic scar in the retromalleolar area, whereas the two other scars on the calf were invisible. Conclusion: After a period of 2 years the size of anesthetic skin in the lateral retromalleolar area is nearly zero. It is hypothesized that the size of sensory skin deficit may be large immediately after the operation. This area decreases over time so that after 2 years the patient does not feel any discomfort from nerve harvesting.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1419-1436
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• 2020

For an energy harvesting sensor network, when the network lifetime is not the only primary goal, maximizing the network performance under environmental energy harvesting becomes a more critical issue. However, clustering protocols that aim at providing maximum information throughput have not been thoroughly explored in Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks (EH-WSNs). In this paper, clustering protocols are studied for maximizing the data transmission in the whole network. Based on a long short-term memory (LSTM) energy predictor and node energy consumption and supplement models, an uneven clustering protocol is proposed where the cluster head selection and cluster size control are thoroughly designed for this purpose. Simulations and results verify that the proposed scheme can outperform some classic schemes by having more data packets received by the cluster heads (CHs) and the base station (BS) under these energy constraints. The outcomes of this paper also provide some insights for choosing clustering routing protocols in EH-WSNs, by exploiting the factors such as uneven clustering size, number of clusters, multiple CHs, multihop routing strategy, and energy supplementing period.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.703-707
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• 2006

본 연구는 각종 기능성을 함유하고 있는 차조기의 소비 증대와 부가가치 증대를 위하여 채취 시기별 차조기의 성분변화를 조사하였다. 수확 시기는 2005년 7월14일에서 2005년 9월2일 까지 총4회(I, II, III, IV)로 나누어 일반성분, 중금 속, 무기질, 아미노산, perillaldehyde, anthocyanin 성분을 분석하였다. 환원당의 함량은 수확시기에 따라 계속 증가하였으나 조단백질, 조지질, 총 아미노산 함량은 III차(8월15일) 채취시기 이후 급격히 감소하였다. 중금속(As, Pb, Cd, Hg)은 모든 처리구에서 감지되지 않았다. 무기질은 Zd, Fe, Mg는 III차 수확시기 이후 감소하였으나, Ca, K, P 함량은 수확시기에 따라 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. Perilladehyde는 I 차 0.36% II차 0.42%, III차 0.45%, IV차 0.35%를 각각 나타냈다. Anthocyanin는 함량은 I차 0.53%, II차 1.15%, III차 1.21%, IV차 0.87%를 나타냈다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.71-74
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• 2018

Background: Green tobacco sickness (GTS), an occupational disease in tobacco harvesters, is a form of acute nicotine intoxication by nicotine absorption through the skin from the wet green tobacco plant. We carried out a questionnaire survey and measured cotinine concentration, the metabolic product of nicotine, to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of GTS in Korean tobacco harvesters. Methods: We measured cotinine concentrations, and administered a questionnaire survey to tobacco harvesters in Cheongsong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. We repeatedly measured urine cotinine concentration five times with a questionnaire survey. Results: Cotinine concentration at dawn was significantly higher than that at other times; it was significantly lower during the nonharvesting period than during the harvesting period. However, little change in cotinine concentration was detected in the daytime during the harvesting period. Study participants included 20 men and 20 women. The prevalence of GTS was 37.5% and was significantly higher in women than in men (55.0% vs. 20.0%, p < 0.01). GTS incidence according to number of workdays was 3.4 occurrences/100 person days. Conclusion: In this study, nicotine exposure and metabolism were experimentally determined from the time of cotinine exposure, and biological monitoring was performed in each season. In the future, this information may be valuable for medical decision-making in GTS prevention.