• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2005

Purpose : To evaluate the voices of irradiated patients with early glottic carcinoma and to compare these with the voices of healthy volunteers. Materials and Methods : The voice samples (sustained vowel) of seventeen male patients who had been irradiated for T1a glottic squamous carcinoma at least 1 year prior to the study were analyzed with objective voice analyzer (acoustic voice analysis, aerodynamic test, and videostroboscopic analysis) and compared with those of a normal group of twenty age- and sex-matched volunteers. Average fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonic ratio were obtained for acoustic voice analysis. Maximal phonation time, mean flow rate, intensity, subglottic pressure, glottal resistance, glottal efficiency, and glottal power were obtained for aerodynamic test. Results : The irradiated group presented higher values of shimmer in acoustic voice analysis. There was no significant difference between two groups in other parameters. Conclusion : In this study all the objective voice parameters except shimmer were no4 significantly different between the irradiated group and the control group. These results suggest that the voice quality is minimally affected by radiation therapy for 71 a glottic carcinoma.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.71-80
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• 2007

This paper presents a new push-push VCO technique that extracts a second harmonic output signal from a capacitive commonnode in a negativegm oscillator topology. The generation of the $2^{nd}$ harmonics is accounted for by the nonlinear current-voltage characteristic of the emitter-base junction diode causing; 1) significant voltage clipping and 2) different rising and falling time during the switching operation of core transistors. Comparative investigations show the technique is more power efficient in the high-frequency region that a conventional push-push technique using an emitter common node. Prototype 12GHz and 17GHz MMIC VCO were realized in GaInP/GaAs HBT technology. They have shown nominal output power of -4.3dBm and -5dBm, phase noise of -108 dBc/Hz and -110.4 dBc/Hz at 1MHz offset, respectively. The phase noise results are also equivalent to a VCO figure-of-merit of -175.8 dBc/Hz and -184.3 dBc/Hz, while dissipate 25.68mW(10.7mA/2.4V) and 13.14mW(4.38mA/3.0V), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.71-77
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• 2020

Background and Objectives OperaVOXTM (Oxford Wave Research Ltd.) is a portable voice analysis software package designed for use with iOS devices. As a relatively cheap, portable and easily accessible form of acoustic analysis, OperaVOXTM may be more clinically useful than laboratory-based software in many situations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement between OperaVOXTM and Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP; Computerized Speech Lab) to assess voice quality before and after laryngeal microsurgery in patient with vocal polyp. Materials and Method Twenty patients who had undergone laryngeal microsurgery for vocal polyp were enrolled in this study. Preoperative and postoperative voices were assessed by acoustic analysis using MDVP and OperaVOXTM. A five-seconds recording of vowel /a/ was used to measure fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer and noise-to-harmonic ratio (NHR). Results Several acoustic parameters of MDVP and OperaVOXTM related to short-term variability showed significant improvement. While pre-operative value of F0, jitter, shimmer, NHR was 155.75 Hz (male: 125.37 Hz, female: 183.37 Hz), 2.20%, 6.28%, 0.16, post-operative values of these parameter was 164.34 Hz (male: 129.42 Hz, female: 199.26 Hz), 2.15%, 5.18%, 0.14 Hz in MDVP. While pre-operative value of F0, jitter, shimmer, NHR was 168.26 Hz (male: 135.16 Hz, female: 201.37 Hz), 2.27%, 6.95%, 0.26, post-operative values of these parameters was 162.72 Hz (male: 128.267 Hz, female: 197.18 Hz), 1.71%, 5.36%, 0.20 in OperaVOXTM. There was high intersoftware agreement for F0, jitter, shimmer with intraclass correlation coefficient. Conclusion Our results showed that the short-term variability of acoustic parameters in both MDVP and OperaVOXTM were useful for the objective assessment of voice quality in patients who received laryngeal microsurgery. OperaVOXTM is comparable to MDVP and has high intersoftware reliability with MDVP in measuring the F0, jitter, and shimmer

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.291-302
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• 2019

In this paper, we first looked at the structures and characteristics of the musical instrument to study the tone of haegeum, which is the only Korean musical instrument made using all the eight ingredients that make gugak instruments, and which is now the most frequently used in fusion gugak or pop music production sites. In addition, for the comparison of the various tones of the haegeum, under the same conditions, we analized how the haegeum's tone changes according to the types of Wonsan, which works as the bridge of the haegeum. Four Wonsan made of Park, Rosewood, Maple and Black Dan were used in the experiment, and low, medium, and high notes were recorded to compare the inner and outter open strings and the sound ranges. By doing so, we looked at the composition of frequency characteristics and the distribution and analyzed the timbres according to the types of Wonsan. Based on this study, it is expected to help the performers in the field choose the proper Wonsan according to each harmony part, rather than just to their tastes when performing Gugak orchestral music or haegeum ensemble. We also look forward to playing haegeum and using the timbres in various combinations of Wonsan that suit the genres at the pop music industry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.7
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• pp.992-1001
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• 2023

OWEC (Overtopping Wave Energy Converter) is a wave power generation system using the wave overtopping. The performance and safety of the OWEC are affected by wave characteristics, such as wave height, period. To mitigate this issue, optimal OWEC designs based on wave characteristics must be investigated. In this study, the environmental conditions along the Ulleungdo coast were used. The hydraulic efficiency of the OWEC was calculated using SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) by comparing 4 models that changed the substructure. As a result, it was possible to change the substructure. Through design optimization, a new truss-type structure, which is a substructure capable of carrying the design load, was proposed. Through a case study using member diameter and thickness as design variables, structural safety was secured under allowable stress conditions. Considering wave load, the natural frequency of the proposed structure was compared with the wave period of the relevant sea area. Harmonic response analysis was performed using wave with a 1-year return period as the load. The proposed substructure had a reduced response magnitude at the same exciting force, and achieved weight reduction of more than 32%.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.351-360
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• 2024

With the increasing use of drone technology, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is now being utilized in various fields. However, this increased use of drones has resulted in various issues. Due to its small size, the drone is difficult to detect with radar or optical equipment, so acoustical tracking methods have been recently applied. In this paper, a method of localization of multiple drones using the acoustic characteristics of the quadcopter drone is suggested. Because the acoustic characteristics induced by each rotor are differentiated depending on the type of drone and its movement state, the sound source of the drone can be reconstructed by spatially clustering the results of the estimated positions of the blade passing frequency and its harmonic sound source. The reconstructed sound sources are utilized to finally determine the location of multiple-drone sound sources by applying the source localization algorithm. An experiment is conducted to analyze the acoustic characteristics of the test quadcopter drones, and the simulations for three different types of drones are conducted to localize the multiple drones based on the measured acoustic signals. The test result shows that the location of multiple drones can be estimated by utilizing the acoustic characteristics of the drone. Also, one can see that the clarity of the separated drone sound source and the source localization algorithm affect the accuracy of the localization for multiple-drone sound sources.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.49-58
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• 2024

This study aimed to compare the acoustic measurements of speech samples recorded from individuals with normal voices using various devices: the Computerized Speech Lab (CSL), a unidirectional wired pin-microphone (WIRED) suitable for smartphones, the built-in omnidirectional microphone (SMART) of smartphones, and Bluetooth-connected wireless earphones, specifically the Galaxy Buds2 Pro (WIRELESS). This study included 40 normal adults (12 males and 28 females) who had not visited an otolaryngologist for respiratory diseases within the past three months. Participants performed sustained vowel /a/ phonation for four seconds and reading tasks with sentences ("Walk") and paragraphs ("Autumn") in a sound-treated booth. Recordings were simultaneously conducted using the four different devices and synchronized based on the CSL-recorded samples for analysis using the MDVP, ADSV, and VOXplot programs. Compared with CSL, the Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID_V, CSID_S) and Acoustic Voice Quality Index (AVQI) values were lower in the WIRED and higher in the SMART. The opposite trend was observed for the L/H spectral ratios (SR_V and SR_S), and the WIRELESS demonstrated task-specific discrepancies. Furthermore, both the fundamental frequency (F0) and the cepstral peak prominence of the vowel samples (CPP_V) had intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values above 0.9, indicating high reliability. These variables, F0 and CPP_V were considered highly reliable for voice recordings across different microphone types. However, caution should be exercised when analyzing and interpreting variables such as the SR, CSID, and AVQI, which may be influenced by the type of microphone used.