• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.671-682
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• 2019

This study reviewed the literature on the changes in Maekjeok, Seoryamyeok and Neobiani. Choi Nam-sun first mentioned the Maekjeok in 「Maeilsinbo」 as a "Buyeo·Goguryeo" style meat roast in 1937. Maekjeok was assumed to be made of various kinds of meat, including wild boars, and it was seasoned and baked as a whole. Seoryamyeok is a royal food found in Uigwe of the Joseon Dynasty and meat that was also eaten in the private sector. In 1609, the ingredients for the dish were pork, but beef was later used. The recipe has been simplified since the 19^th century. Neobiani is known as royal cuisine, but it does not appear in official records. The first known record thus far is 'Neobiani' in 「Siuijeonseo」. On the other hand, 'Neobuhalmi' which was presumed to be the same food as 'Neobiani', was found in a 「Dictionnaire Coreen-Francais」(1880). In addition, 'Neobiani' was found in 「A Korean-English dictionary」(1897). From Maekjeok, followed by Seoryamyeok and Neobiani, Korean roasting meat culture has a common feature of roasting pre-sauced meat, and this trait has continued to bulgogi.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.127-137
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the inhibiting or promoting effect of fetal bovine serum fractionated by the molecular weight and to examine the effect of reconstruction of serum fractions on the development of 1- and 2-cell mouse embryos fertilized in vitro (IVEE) . The serum was separated by ultrafiltration or gel filtration methods and added in m-KRB medium for culture of IVFE. The developemental ability(cavitation and hatching) of embryos following culture of day 4 and 6 was compared among fractions. Small molecular weight fraction( <3 kDa) significantly inhibited the development of 1-and 2-cell IVFE to the blastocyst stages, compared with other fractions. One-cell IVFE were more sensitively damaged than 2-cell embryos by that fraction and arrested mainly at 2~4 cell stages. Moreover, small amount(<3%,v /v) of the inhibiting fraction acted even with protein rich fraction(100~30 kDa) and arrested the embryonic development. On the other hand, 100~30 kDa fraction promoted the embryonic development and no inhibiting effect was observed at the level of 50%(v /v) in culture medium In the experiment of gel filtraton, =30 kDa fraction showed the highest promoting effect on the embryonic development, but <4 kDa fraction inhibited significantly the development. These results suggest that serum contains not only small molecular weight inhibitory component(s) but also promoting one rather than albumin on embryonic development. And serum can be more effectively used in the IVF program after removal of inhibitory component(s) by one of above separation methods.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.726-731
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• 1999

It was discovered that ammonium phosphate in the medium played an important role in both growing mycelium and producing exopolysaccharides (EPS) from G. lucidum. In lower concentration levels of ammonium phosphate (0-3 g/l), an improved mycelial growth was observed by maintaining more filamentous morphology than in high concentrations (5-11 g/l). In addition, it was confirmed by comparing the factual dimension and frequency of the area regarding the mycelial pellets. This must be attributed to limitations of nutrient transfer by maintaining filamentous mycelium during the cultivation in a low ammonium phosphate containing medium. On the other hand, the best EPS production was observed in medium with the absence or low concentration of ammonium phosphate. The shear stress of the culture broth was greatly affected by the shear rate, as compared with that of the culture broth with high ammonium phosphate concentration. The rheological characteristics of the fermentation broth and filtrate worked well according to the Herschel-Bulkley model. It was also found that the morphological changes of the mycelium resulting from the ammonium phosphate concentration directly affected the rheological characteristics of the system and resulted in reversely affecting the EPS production levels. Based on these results, it can be concluded that delicate regulation of the ammonium phosphate concentration in the culture media should be provided in order to obtain optimal mycelial growth and/or EPS production.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2008

Using crude soybean oil as the sole carbon source, the lincomycin production from Streptomyces lincolnensis LC 345 was investigated in the air lift bioreactor. When 30 g/L of crude soybean oil was used, the maximum lincomycin concentration reached 0.89 g/L, after 5 days of culture. When CSL concentration was increased from 10 to 30 g/L, Lincomycin concentration was increased from 0.6 to 1.2. On the other hand, when CSL concentration was increased from 40 to 60 g/L, it was decreased from 1.15 to 0.7 g/L. Using these results, fed batch cultures for comparing the use of crude soybean oil and glucose as a conventional carbon source were carried out in a 5 L air lift bioreactor. When crude soybean oil was used as the sole carbon source, the maximum lincomycin concentration was 2.0 g/L, which was about 2.0 fold higher than that of glucose medium after 7 day of culture. The product yield from olive oil was 0.042 g/g consumed carbon source, which was about 3.8 fold higher than that of glucose.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2019

This review summarizes the studies on a wide variety of yeast found in kimchi and the effects of yeast on kimchi fermentation, and discusses the direction for further research. Yeast belongs to the genera Trichosporon, Saccharomyces, Sporisorium, Pichia, Lodderomyces, Kluyveromyces, Candida, Debaryomyces, Geotrichum, Kazachstania, Brassica, Yarrowia, Hanseniaspora, Brettanomyces, Citeromyces, Rhodotorula, and Torulopsis have been identified using culture-dependent methods and metagenomics analysis. The application of yeast as a starter into kimchi has resulted in an extension of shelf life and improvement of sensory characteristics due to a decrease in the amount of lactic acid. On the other hand, some yeast cause kimchi spoilage, which typically appears as an off-odor, texture-softening, and white-colony or white-film formation on the surface of kimchi. In contrast to lactic acid bacteria, there are limited reports on yeast isolated from kimchi. In addition, it is unclear how yeast affects the fermentation of kimchi and the mechanism by which white colony forming yeast predominate in the later stage of kimchi fermentation. Therefore, more research will be needed to solve these issues.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.27-38
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• 2021

This study is aimed to figure out the productivity and variability of cage-aquaculture changes. According to the analysis, the productivity of major fish species has been increasing, except mullet. Although the regional productivity has decreased in the last two years, it has been on the rise considering as a whole. Gyeongsangnam-do showed the highest level of productivity by region. Productivity by species was also higher than other regions in the cases of rock fish, mullet and sea bream followed by productivity of Chungcheongnam-do. The production of marine cage-culture in Jeollanam-do is the second largest in Korea in value/weight while its productivity is lower than that of Chungcheongnam-do. When it comes to comparison by region, Gyeongsangnam-do shows the lowest productivity variation. And Jeollanam-do shows the second-lowest variation in productivity that is only about half of that of Chungcheongnam-do province. Thus, it is found that Jeollanam-do region has an advantage in management stability while its productivity is low. On the other hand, productivity by species was also analyzed. Gyeongsangnam-do has the highest productivity by species for rock fish, mullet and sea bream whereas rock bream productivity is the highest in Jeollanam-do. Therefore, it probably needs to reflect these results when choosing regional-focused incubation fish species.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.263-272
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• 2023

We investigated and analyzed students' perceptions of their choice of science subjects in the high school credit system and the reasons for their choice. To achieve this, the selection of science subjects was investigated for the second year of S high school over the past three years. Students selected an average of 1.54 science subjects, and it was found that the rate of selection of science subjects was gradually increasing by year. Students chose high in the order of life science I, earth science I, chemistry I, physics I, etc. in the science subject group. Students who wish to enter the natural and engineering fields chose life science I, chemistry I, physics I, etc., while, students who wish to enter the humanities society chose society and culture, life science I, ethics and thought, etc. On the other hand, the reason for choosing science subjects was 'related to college admission', followed by 'aptitude and interest', 'career and real life help', etc. physics I, chemistry I, etc., were high in the subjects selected according to the 'related to college admission'. The subjects selected according to 'aptitude and interest' were high in life science I, earth science I, etc. Physics I, chemistry I, etc. are recognized as subjects necessary for college entrance, and life science I, earth science I, etc., are found to be related to their interests and aptitudes.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.444-454
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• 2014

이 연구의 목적은 민간경비원의 조직문화와 직무특성 및 직무지속의지의 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 이 연구는 2011년 9월 수도권소재(서울) 민간경비회사에서 재직하고 있는 민간경비원들을 모집단으로 설정한 후 유의표집법을 이용하여 최종분석에 이용된 사례 수는 총 280명이다. 분석방법은 SPSSWIN 18.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 다중회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 설문지의 신뢰도는 Cronbach's ${\alpha}$값이 .665이상으로 나타났다. 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 민간경비원의 조직문화는 직무특성에 영향을 미친다. 근무기간이 길수록 직무중요성과 피드백은 높다. 개발합의적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 자율성은 높다. 합리적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 자율성, 피드백은 높다. 위계적문화가 형성될수록 직무중요성, 피드백은 높아진 반면, 자율성은 감소한다. 둘째, 민간경비원의 조직문화는 직무지속의지에 영향을 미친다. 남성 집단에서 직무기대는 높다. 연령이 높을수록 위기지각이 감소한다. 학력이 높을수록 직무만족, 위축, 대안기대는 증가한다. 월수입이 많을수록 직무만족, 위축, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각은 증가한다. 개발합의적문화가 형성될수록 직무만족, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 대안 기대, 위기지각은 높다. 합리적문화가 형성될수록 직무기대는 증가한 반면, 고의적불성실은 감소한다. 위계적문화가 형성될수록 직무만족, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 위기지각은 높다. 셋째, 민간경비원의 직무특성은 직무지속의지에 영향을 미친다. 학력이 높을수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대는 증가한다. 근무기간이 길수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각이 감소한다. 월수입이 많을수록 직무만족, 직무기대, 대안기대, 위기지각이 증가한다. 직무중요성을 높게 인식할수록 직무만족, 직무기대는 증가한다. 자율성을 높게 인식할수록 직무만족, 위축, 고의적불성실, 직무기대, 대안기대는 증가한다. 피드백이 원활히 이루어질수록 고의적불성실은 감소한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.645-661
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• 2024

오늘날 4차 산업 혁명에 따른 새로운 기술의 발전은 비대면 협업과 같은 업무수행 방식이 요구되고 있다. 이에 부응하여 다양한 VR 협업 툴이 등장하고 있으나 협업이나 디자인 개발 업무에서 활용되고 있는 VR 협업 툴이 제한적이. 따라서 비대면 협업을 위한 VR의 장점과 가능성에도 불구하고 실무 활용에 있어 한계가 있다. 이에 따라 디지털화되고 있는 업무 환경에서 효과적인 협업을 위한 VR 협업 툴 개발이 필요하며 이를 위한 UI 디자인 개발에 관한연구가 요구된다. 본 연구의 목적은 사용자 조사를 통하여 협업 시 첫 단계인 브레인스토밍 단계에서 나타나는 사용자 행동 요소를 적용한 인터랙션 및 UI 디자인을 개발함으로써 VR 협업 툴 프로토타입을 제안하는 데 있다. 본 연구는 질적 연구로 연구 방법은 관찰과 심층 인터뷰를 통한 사용자 조사를 수행하고 이로부터 얻은 데이터를 분석한 결과로 5가지 사용자의 손짓 행동 요소를 도출하였다. 행동 요소로서의 손짓을 반영한 인터랙션 UI를 디자인하고 Unity와 Oculus Integration SDK Kit를 사용하여 컨트롤러 없이 사용할 수 있는 VR 협업 툴 프로토타입을 제작하였다. 본 연구에서 제작한 프로토타입에 대한 사용성 평가를 실시한 결과 사용자가 손짓을 정확히 행하여야 한다는 어려움이 나타나 UI 디자인의 보완점을 찾아볼 수 있었다. 또한 VR 협업 공간에서 개인 작업과 공유를 위한 공간의 구분을 조절할 수 있는 UI 디자인의 필요성도 알 수 있었다. 본 연구가 업무의 효율성을 높여줄 수 있는 VR 협업툴을 위한 인터랙션 및 UI 디자인 개발에 도움이 되기를 기대한다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.438-445
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop exposure factor data for the Korean child population, with a specific focus on behavior characteristics such as hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth and an analysis of influential factors. Methods: We divided environments into two places, which were house/indoor and nursery. A total of 400 children (house/indoor) and a total of 162 children (nursery) were recruited from the cities of Seoul, Incheon, Daegu, and Gwangju. The children were divided into two groups. We conducted direct measurement by using one hour of videotaping alongside questionnaire surveys. This was performed to calculate behavior rates, such as how many children perform hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth behaviors. Results: The respective average frequencies of hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth were $0.8{\pm}2.23$ and $0.82{\pm}2.64contacts/hr$ for house/indoor. The respective average frequencies of hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth were $2.87{\pm}4.63$ and $1.47{\pm}3.84contacts/hr$ in the nursery group. For the mouthing participants, the average frequencies of hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth were 3.31 and 3.20 contacts/hr in house, and 4.80 and 3.26 in nursery. Compared to other countries such as the USA, the frequencies of hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth behaviors found in this study were relatively lower. Conclusions: Children have the potential for exposure to toxic substances through non-dietary ingestion pathways by mouthing objects or their fingers. In this study, the mouthing frequency was relatively lower than that found in Western countries. This can be explained that mouthing behaviour may be affected by culture and lifestyle characteristics.