• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.333-340
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• 2011

This study was conducted on the effect of plant growth retardants (PGRs) on growth of potted Ardisia pusilla and Ardisia pusilla var. variegata grown for a short term in an ebb and flow system. Plants were planted in 10 cm plastic pots, containing a mixture of peat moss and perlite (1 : 1, v/v) on 30 June 2005 and were grown until 23 Sep. 2005. The PGRs used were 50, 200, 350, 500 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ daminozide (B- 9), 10, 40, 70, 100 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ paclobutrazol (Boundy), and 5, 15, 25, 35 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ethephon (Florel). On every irrigation, the nutrient solution containing PGRs was supplied at a 2 cm depth and was kept for 15~20 minutes. The surplus nutrient solution was drained back into the tank for next irrigations. In both cultivars, paclobutrazol gave the most pronounced effect in inhibition of stretchiness. Ardisia pusilla, which was pinched just before initiation of paclobutrazol treatment, resulted in the greatest inhibition of shoot elongation. Daminozide treatments above 200 $mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ also gave reduction of shoot length. However, ethephon treatments gave no dwarfing effect in Ardisia pusilla. Inhibition of stretchiness was observed even in the lowest concentration treatments. Among the PGRs, paclobutrazol was the most effective in suppressing plant stretchiness.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.56 no.7
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• pp.24.1-24.6
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• 2014

The present study investigated the effects of varying durations of nursery diets differing in percentages of milk products on growth performance of pigs during the nursery phase (NP) and subsequent grow-finish phase (GFP) to find the feasibility of reducing the use of nursery diets containing costly milk products. A total of 204 21-d-old weanling female and castrated male pigs were subjected to one of three nursery phase feeding programs differing in durations on the NP 1 and 2 and GFP diets containing 20%, 7%, and 0% lacrosse and 35%, 8%, and 0% dried whey, respectively, in 6 pens (experimental units) for 33 d: HIGH (NP 1, 2 and 3 diets for 7, 14, and 12 d), MEDIUM (NP 2 and 3 for 14 and 19 d), and LOW (NP 2 and 3 and GFP 1 for 7, 14, and 12 d). Subsequently, 84 randomly selected pigs [14 pigs (replicates)/pen] were fed the GFP 1, 2 and 3 diets during d 54-96, 96-135, and 135-182 of age, respectively. The final body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) of nursery pigs did not differ among the HIGH, MEDIUM, and LOW groups (14.8, 13.3, and 13.7 kg in BW and 273, 225, and 237 g in ADG, respectively). The average daily feed intake during the nursery phase was greater (p < 0.01) in the HIGH group than in the MEDIUM and LOW groups, whereas the gain:feed ratio did not differ across the treatments. The BW on d 182 and ADG during d 54-182 were greater in the HIGH and MEDIUM groups vs. the LOW group (110.0, 107.6, and 99.6 kg in BW, respectively; p < 0.01). The backfat thickness and carcass grade at slaughter on d 183 did not differ across the treatments. In conclusion, the MEDIUM program may be inferior to the commonly used HIGH program in supporting nursery pig growth. Nevertheless, the former appears to be more efficient than the latter in production cost per market pig whereas the LOW program is thought to be inefficient because of its negative effect on post-nursery pig growth.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.179-190
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• 2019

To alleviate financing difficulties of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), the government and municipal governments are providing a variety of SME policy funding programs. This study introduced the policy funding program of Gangwon-do and quantitatively analyzed the financial performance of companies supported by the Gangwon-do SME policy fund in the year 2014. Specifically, we compared the financial ratios for three years, from 2013 to 2015, between funded firms and non-funded firms. In addition, we applied a regression analysis to see if the policy funding program contributed to profitability (the operating profit growth and return on equity), stability (the interest coverage ratio and debt-to-equity ratio), and growth (the asset growth and sales growth) of the funded firms. The empirical results show that the firms that received the policy funds did not show any improvement compared to non-funded firms in terms of profitability, stability, and growth. This suggests that Gangwon-do should improve the policy funding program, that currently provides only an interest amount of 2-4% of the corporate loan principal, without any strategic selection criteria for the target funded firms, and without any follow-up management system, after support.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.179-202
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop the health promotion program for rural elderly through PRECEDE process. Method: The health promotion program was developed based on the preliminary diagnosis. The data collection was performed from March 10th to April 9th, 2003. The subjects were selected at Mari Myun, Geochang Gun, in Korea. The preliminary diagnosis was examined with the 115 elders. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and Cronbach's n test with SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: The health promotion program was developed based on diagnostic result using PRECEDE model. The developed program was corrected and revised with the advices from 6 experts. The final program included health responsibility(cancer prevention and early detection, hygienic, false teeth management no smoking and moderation in drink, and chronic disease prevention and management), physical activity(6 kinds of exercise), nutrition(low sodium diet calcium intake, and right eating habit), spiritual growth(spiritual demand and death preparation teaching), interpersonal relations(relationship with couple, children, grandchildren, neighborhood), and stress management(sports dance, foot massage, positive thought, and song class). Conclusion: I propose that it is necessary to identity the effect of health promotion program for rural elderly. And strategy development that can spread the health promotion program elderly is needed.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.648-658
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• 2022

Objective: The identification of nonlinear mixed models that describe the growth trajectory of New Zealand rabbits was performed based on weight records and carcass measures obtained using ultrasonography. Methods: Phenotypic records of body weight (BW) and loin eye area (LEA) were collected from 66 animals raised in a didactic-productive module of cuniculture located in the southern Piaui state, Brazil. The following nonlinear models were tested considering fixed parameters: Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards, Meloun 1, modified Michaelis-Menten, Santana, and von Bertalanffy. The coefficient of determination (R²), mean squared error, percentage of convergence of each model (%C), mean absolute deviation of residuals, Akaike information criterion (AIC), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) were used to determine the best model. The model that best described the growth trajectory for each trait was also used under the context of mixed models, considering two parameters that admit biological interpretation (A and k) with random effects. Results: The von Bertalanffy model was the best fitting model for BW according to the highest value of R² (0.98) and lowest values of AIC (6,675.30) and BIC (6,691.90). For LEA, the Logistic model was the most appropriate due to the results of R² (0.52), AIC (783.90), and BIC (798.40) obtained using this model. The absolute growth rates estimated using the von Bertalanffy and Logistic models for BW and LEA were 21.51g/d and 3.16 cm², respectively. The relative growth rates at the inflection point were 0.028 for BW (von Bertalanffy) and 0.014 for LEA (Logistic). Conclusion: The von Bertalanffy and Logistic models with random effect at the asymptotic weight are recommended for analysis of ponderal and carcass growth trajectories in New Zealand rabbits. The inclusion of random effects in the asymptotic weight and maturity rate improves the quality of fit in comparison to fixed models.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.69-81
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• 2022

This study was performed to screen the efficacy of antagonistic bacterial isolates from various sources against the bacterial fruit blotch (BFB) causing pathogen (Acidovorax citrulli) in cucurbit crops. In addition, plant growth promoting traits of these antagonistic bacterial isolates were characterized. Two thousand seven hundred ninety-four microorganisms were isolated from the collected samples. Molecular identification revealed two A. citrulli out of 2,794 isolates. In vitro antagonistic results showed that, among the 28 antagonistic bacterial isolates, 24 and 14 bacterial isolates exhibited antagonism against HPP-3-3B and HPP-9-4B, respectively. Antagonistic and growth promotion characterization of the antagonistic bacterial isolates were further studied. Results suggested that, 4 antagonistic bacteria commonly showed both antagonism and growth promotion phenotypes. Moreover, 3 isolates possessed growth promoting activities. Overall results from this study suggests that BFB causing bacterial pathogen (A. citrulli) was suppressed in in vitro antagonism assay by antagonistic bacterial isolates. Furthermore, these antagonistic bacterial isolates possessed growth promotion and antagonistic enzyme production ability. Therefore, data from this study can provide useful basic data for the in vivo experiments which ultimately helps to develop the eco-friendly agricultural materials to control fruit rot disease in cucurbit crops in near future.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.81-88
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• 2011

Effect of concentrations of different plant growth retardants (PGRs) supplied to a recirculated nutrient solution in an ebb and flow system on the growth and development of potted Spathiphyllum 'Top-Pin' and 'Mini' was examined. Plants were planted in 10 cm diameter plastic pots filled with a mixture of peat moss and perlite (1 : 1, v/v) on 30 June 2005 and grown until 23 Sep. 2005. In a closed ebb and flow system, 50, 200, 350, $500mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ daminozide (B-9), 10, 40, 70, $100mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ paclobutrazol (Boundy), 5, 15, 25, $35mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ ethephon (Florel), and 1, 4, 7, $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ uniconazole (Sumagic) were supplemented to a nutrient solution at the initiation of experiment. On every irrigation, the nutrient solution containing PGRs was supplied at a 2 cm depth and kept for 15-20 minutes. The surplus nutrient solution was drained back into the tank for next irrigations. Paclobutrazol gave the most pronounced effect in inhibition of stretchiness. The greatest reduction of leaf length, fresh and dry weights of shoot, and elevated chlorophyll content were recorded in Spathiphyllum, with increasing paclobutrazol concentration. Daminozide concentration greater than $200mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ resulted in minor stunting. The lowest concentration ($1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) of uniconazole showed greater leaf length, leaf width, and leaf petiole length than the control ($0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). Uniconazole concentration greater than $1mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ resulted in similar plant growth as the plant in the control ($0mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$). High concentration ($35mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$) of ethephon resulted in the shortest leaf length, and the greatest chlorophyll content. Inhibition of stretchiness was observed even in the lowest concentration treatments. Among the PGRs, paclobutrazol was most effective in suppressing plant stretchiness. In both cultivars, ethephon and paclobutrazol, but not daminozide and uniconazole, significantly inhibited stretchiness. The results suggested that plant growth retardants (ethephon or paclobutrazol) selected in this study may be used as the most effective agents for inhibition of stretchiness in Spathiphyllum.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information need to promote early childhood's growth with balanced diet and preferable dietary attitude by observing the provision of food service management in kindergarten in Daejeon. We researched the dietary life of full- and half-day program children and their mothers. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 392 children attending kindergarten and their mothers. The questionnaire items examined general characteristics, dietary life, dietary behavior, frequency food intake etc. The results of the survey were as follows. The frequency of breakfast intake of the half-day program children and their mothers was higher than that of the full-day program children and their mothers. Most of the children had an unbalanced diet about soybean, kimchi, and vegetables, whereas their mothers had an unbalanced diet about processed food In general, the half-day program children showed higher scores than full-day children for the items of the dietary behavior of kindergarten. The dietary attitude and nutrition attitude scores of the half-day program children and their mothers were higher than those of the full-day program children and their mothers.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.69-74
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• 2017

ICT(Information Communication Technology) is a key word in our society on today. Various support programs by the government have given many quantitative and qualitative changes to the software industries. Software is instructions(Computer Program) and data structure. Software can be divided into Application program and System program. Application programs have been developed to perform special functions or provide entertainment functions. Because of this rapid growth of software industries, one of the problems is issue on copyright of program. In this paper, we described an analysis method for program similarity based on source code in program.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.768-778
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• 2008

The most important factor in students' growth and development is the teacher. Therefore in-service science teacher education to develop the professionality is important as well as the selection of new excellence teachers. Our research is on the development and application of new education program on science experiments where in-service teachers become the lecturers in the program and provide information that is bound to the context of real lessons. This program is consisted of following 10 steps of work, which was implemented in 5 months: sharing the philosophy of the program, selecting science experiments, first application of the experiments, discussion on the first application, learning how to edit the movie clips of the lesson, second application of the experiments, in depth discussion on the second application, developing the experiment package, giving lecture to other science teachers, and evaluating the program. We describe the process of the program developed and implemented in detail to suggest a model of science teacher education program on science experiments and discuss educational implications. This program is characterized by the emphasis of the context closely linked to the real lessons, the problem solving in a real situation, and the collaboration of teachers, professors and science education researcher in a teacher education.