• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.865-870
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• 2005

Purpose : The use of growth hormone(GH) to promote growth in normal short children without classical GH deficiency is controversial. Numerous foreign studies have shown the effects of GH therapy in children with idiopathic short stature(ISS) whereas few has been interested in Korea. Therefore, this study is designed to investigate the effects of GH therapy on ISS by observing correlations and changes among various growth parameters such as, insulin-like growth factor-I(IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3(IGFBP-3). Methods : This study was conducted retrospectively with 15 children with ISS in Chungbuk National University Hospital in Korea. Mean age was $11.44{\pm}2.81$ and the children were treated with 0.66 IU/kg/wk dosage of GH for 1 or 2 years. Also, the growth parameters before and after the GH therapy were observed. Results : Height standard deviation score(HT-SDS) was increased from $-1.85{\pm}0.70$ to $-1.58{\pm}0.56$ at 1 year and to $-1.21{\pm}0.37$ at 2 years after GH therapy. Predicted adult height standard deviation score(PAH-SDS) was also increased from $-2.10{\pm}0.52$ to $-1.67{\pm}0.59$ at 1 year, and to $-0.96{\pm}0.60$ at 2 years. Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were significantly increased after 1 year and marginally increased after 2 years of GH therapy. Conclusion : It is concluded that GH therapy has growth promoting effect. The significant increase in IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels during the GH therapy suggests that IGF-I and IGFBP-3 are useful predictors of response to the use of GH therapy. It is expected that larger patient samples would provide more reliable information about the effect of GH therapy.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.41
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• pp.147-172
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• 2000

Although it has been noted that mentoring program is viewed as a effective way of intervention for the youth at-risk and vulnerable, few empirical studies have documented the benefits of mentoring program on youth. This research focused on effectiveness of campus-based mentoring program for children of unemployed families. It examined psychosocial benefits of mentoring program on mentor and mentee using the experimental design, posttest-only control group design. Significant differences were found between the control and intervention group. Children who have participated in mentoring program marked higher scores than control group in various psychosocial aspects including interpersonal skills, self-efficacy, sense of plan and motivation of schooling. Also university students who have participated as mentors marked higher ego-strength score than not. On the basis of these findings, this study recommended campus-based mentoring program as a effective growth-oriented program for the university students as well as the children of unemployed families.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2013

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are the major components of brain and retina, and are the essential fatty acids with important physiologically active functions. Thus, PUFAs should be provided to children, and are very important in the brain growth and development for fetuses, newborn infants, and children. Omega-3 fatty acids decrease coronary artery disease and improve blood flow. PUFAs have been known to have anti-inflammatory action and improved the chronic inflammation such as auto-immune diseases or degenerative neurologic diseases. PUFAs are used for metabolic syndrome related with obesity or diabetes. However, there are several considerations related with intake of PUFAs. Obsession with the intake of unsaturated fatty acids could bring about the shortage of essential fatty acids that are crucial for our body, weaken the immune system, and increase the risk of heart disease, arrhythmia, and stroke. In this review, we discuss types, physiologic mechanism of action of PUFAs, intake of PUFAs for children, recommended intake of PUFAs, and considerations for the intake of PUFAs.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.45-49
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the effects of cyclosporine-A (CsA) on linear growth in pediatric patients with steroid-dependent (SDNS) or resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Methods: Thirty-five pediatric patients with SDNS or SRNS undergoing glucocorticoid (GC) and/or CsA treatment were retrospectively reviewed. Seventeen patients were treated with GC alone and 18 were treated with GC and CsA. The cumulative doses of GC and CsA were quantified (mg/kg/day). Linear growth during the follow-up period was defined as the difference in Z-score between the initial and final height according to the follow-up period (${\Delta}$ height Z score/year). The associations between linear growth and clinical parameters were analyzed. Results: The linear growth of patients in the two groups was not significantly different (P=0.262). The ${\Delta}$ height Z score/year did not show a significant correlation with the cumulative doses of CsA, but was negatively correlated with the cumulative dose of GC and positively correlated with the Z score for height at the time of diagnosis. Conclusion: In children with SDNS or SRNS undergoing GC therapy, added CsA treatment may not have harmful effects on linear growth.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.60-69
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• 2023

Purpose: Despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and/or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, individuals with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) I or II often experience significant growth deficiencies. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of recombinant human growth hormone (hGH) treatment in children diagnosed with MPS I or II. Materials and Methods: A total of nine pediatric patients-four with MPS I and five with MPS II-underwent treatment with ERT and hGH at Samsung Medical Center. Results: The mean hGH dose administered was 0.26±0.03 mg/kg/week. In the MPS I group, three patients showed an increase in height Z-score from -4.09±0.83 to -3.68±0.43 after 1 year of hGH treatment, and to -3.10±0.72 by the end of the hGH regimen. In the MPS II group, while the height Z-score of four patients decreased according to standard growth charts, it improved from 1.61±1.79 to 2.71±1.68 based on the disease-specific growth chart through hGH treatment. Two patients discontinued hGH treatment due to lack of efficacy after 22 and 6 months each of treatment, respectively. No new-onset neurological symptoms or necessity for prosthetic or orthopedic surgery were reported during hGH treatment. Conclusion: This study provides insights into the impact of hGH on MPS patients, demonstrating its potential to reverse growth deceleration in some cases. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of hGH on changes in body composition, muscle strength, and bone health in this population.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.73-95
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• 2007

Causal relationships of kindergarteners' phonological awareness and processing to their ability to read words was investigated with the participation of 289 4- to 6-year-old children attending three kindergartens in Busan. Results showed gradual growth in reading ability with age. Children performed best in reading words and poorest in reading low frequency letters. They showed continuous development in skills of syllable deletion, phoneme substitution, phoneme insertion, phonological memory and naming. Discontinuous development was found in counting syllables. Longer syllables were difficult to count, and middle syllables of 3 syllable words were hard to delete. Children had poor perception of final consonants of Consonant-Vowel-Consonant syllables. Children's phonological awareness and processing were latent variables strongly related to ability to read words written in Hangul.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 1999

Seven textbooks for children used in homes and schools (sudangs) of the Chosun dynasty were examined to investigate how they taught emotional intelligence in traditional Korean society. The contents of the books were analyzed according to the 4 abilities of emotional intelligence described by Salovey and Mayer (1966): (1) perception, appraisal, and expression of emotion, (2) emotion's facilitation of thinking, (3) understanding and analyzing emotions, and (4) regulation of emotion to promote emotional and intellectual growth. The analysis showed that most of the books valued emotional intelligence and taught children how they perceive, appraise, and express emotions. The emotional ability to facilitate thinking was also emphasized, whereas the ability to understand and analyze emotions was seldom mentioned. It was also found that the regulation of emotion was emphasized; that is, children were educated to control and depress their emotions rather than to express them naturally.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.134-138
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• 2005

'Emotional Design' is appeared recently as one of the important issues in design field. Emotional Design is understanded from a interactive point of view, human and interior space. Child's formation of character grows in human, environment, space all. At all, growth process itself who develop infant's formation of character can speak that have function of emotional communication. Therefore, this study wishes to recognize how element of emotional design was reflected through analysis of children's hospital considering child's emotion reacting most sensitively about effect of surrounding environment. As result, Various sensitivity element through senses that can rouse interest in more child's emotion in children's hospital design is mayhave to reflected.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.255-268
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• 1995

We evaluated the nutritional and socioeconomical factors of 100 children aged $5{\sim}6$ years. Forty five children (45%) were selected from families with low socioeconomic status, while 55 children (55%) were from those with high socioeconomic status. Some differences of the nutritional factors (eating behavior, food preference, food frequency) were found between low and high socioeconomic groups. This survey suggest that eating behavior, food preference and food frequency may be useful in estimating nutritional factors. And the nutrition education for the children and their meal planners is necessary to improve the nutritional status of the subjects.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.39-65
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• 2024

Education is widely considered an essential tool for national development, particularly in Southeast Asia, in which advancing education ideally means advancing social cohesion, and security, and economic growth. This paper juxtaposes The Rainbow Troops: A Novel (2005, hereafter The Rainbow Troops) by Indonesian writer Andrea Hirata and Cho tôi xin một vé đi tuổi thơ (Ticket to Childhood, 2008) by Vietnamese writer Nguyễn Nhật Ánh, understanding their potentially generated dialogue about idealized education. Reading character constructions and narrative flows against educational policies and realities of Vietnam and Indonesia in particular and Southeast Asia at large reveals criticism about the true goals of education programs pertaining to children. Specifically, they provoke in readers questions about the role of education as a tool for national development appropriate to each political and economic context and the respect for the psychological, intellectual, and physical development of children.